CVE-2025-9820

MEDIUMPre-NVD 4.04.0
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 4.0 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2026-01-26. A secondary CVSS source baseline 4.0; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source

Also known asEUVD-2025-206344 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-337w-h8w7-m899 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

4.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.2%CVSS: 4.0Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

A flaw was found in the GnuTLS library, specifically in the gnutls_pkcs11_token_init() function that handles PKCS#11 token initialization. When a token label longer than expected is processed, the function writes past the end of a fixed-size stack buffer. This programming error can cause the application using GnuTLS to crash or, in certain conditions, be exploited for code execution. As a result, systems or applications relying on GnuTLS may be vulnerable to a denial of service or local privilege escalation attacks.

CVSS v3
4.0
EG Score
4.0MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
18
EG Risk 18/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity40% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 4.0 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.2% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.2%
EPSS %ILE
12th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (4.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 4.0 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
4.0 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.2% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-24). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

January 26, 2026

Last Modified

October 14, 2026

Advisory Details (10)

Auto-updated Jun 25, 2026
Patch available. Sources: redhat.
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

cve-details

https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-9820
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7477
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7329
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5606
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5585
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4943
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4655
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4188
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:3477
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13812

Patch Availability(14)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulibgnutls30t64 (3.8.9-3ubuntu2.1) @ questing2026-10-14ubuntu
ubuntulibgnutlsxx28 (3.4.10-4ubuntu1.9+esm3) @ xenial2026-10-14ubuntu
redhatcert-manager/cert-manager-operator-rhel9:17890290762026-10-13redhat
redhatcert-manager/jetstack-cert-manager-rhel9:17914597112026-10-13redhat
redhatcert-manager/cert-manager-istio-csr-rhel9:17914597592026-10-13redhat
redhatrhpam-7/rhpam-smartrouter-rhel8:7.13.5-4.17773257082026-05-05redhat
redhatgnutls-main-3.8.12-1.1.hum12026-04-10redhat
redhatdiscovery/discovery-ui-rhel9:17756759222026-04-09redhat
redhatrhceph/rhceph-8-rhel9:17740028672026-03-24redhat
redhatgnutls-0:3.6.16-8.el8_10.52026-03-24redhat
redhatrhui5/rhua-rhel9:17736701372026-03-18redhat
redhatinsights-proxy/insights-proxy-container-rhel9:17736855092026-03-16redhat
redhatgnutls-0:3.8.3-10.el9_72026-03-10redhat
redhatgnutls-0:3.8.10-3.el10_12026-03-02redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(9 across 9 ecosystems)
Alpine:v3.20(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.12-r0: fixed in 3.8.12-r0
—
Alpine:v3.21(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.12-r0: fixed in 3.8.12-r0
—
Alpine:v3.22(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.12-r0: fixed in 3.8.12-r0
—
Alpine:v3.23(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.11-r0: fixed in 3.8.11-r0
—
Alpine:v3.24(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls—
  • every version up to 3.8.11-r0: fixed in 3.8.11-r0
—
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls283.7.1-5 ... 3.7.1-5+deb11u8 (9 versions)
  • every version up to 3.7.1-5+deb11u9: fixed in 3.7.1-5+deb11u9
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls283.7.9-2 ... 3.7.9-2+deb12u5 (6 versions)
  • every version up to 3.7.9-2+deb12u6: fixed in 3.7.9-2+deb12u6
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls283.8.9-3
  • every version up to 3.8.9-3+deb13u1: fixed in 3.8.9-3+deb13u1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
gnutls283.8.10-1 ... 3.8.9-3 (6 versions)
  • every version up to 3.8.11-3: fixed in 3.8.11-3
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(2)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 49× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 249 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 149 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-01 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  2. 2026-10-31 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  3. 2026-10-30 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  4. 2026-10-29 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  5. 2026-10-28 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  6. 2026-10-27 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  7. 2026-10-27 14:25 UTCOSV refresh
  8. 2026-10-26 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  9. 2026-10-25 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  10. 2026-10-25 15:59 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-24 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  12. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  13. 2026-10-22 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  14. 2026-10-21 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  15. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  16. 2026-10-19 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  17. 2026-10-18 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  18. 2026-10-18 05:13 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  20. 2026-10-16 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  21. 2026-10-15 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  22. 2026-10-14 20:44 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-14 20:44 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-10-14 20:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-337w-h8w7-m899 · GitHub CVSS 4.0
  25. 2026-10-14 19:55 UTCEG score recompute
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-14 19:55 UTCVendor advisory
  2. 2026-10-14 19:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-337w-h8w7-m899 · GitHub CVSS 4.0
  3. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  4. 2026-10-14 04:35 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-14 04:35 UTCVendor advisory
  6. 2026-10-14 04:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-337w-h8w7-m899 · GitHub CVSS 4.0
  7. 2026-10-14 03:36 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-14 03:36 UTCVendor advisory
  9. 2026-10-14 03:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-337w-h8w7-m899 · GitHub CVSS 4.0
  10. 2026-10-13 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  11. 2026-10-12 16:43 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  13. 2026-10-11 20:18 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-11 18:30 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-11 15:04 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  17. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  18. 2026-10-10 02:33 UTCOSV refresh
  19. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  20. 2026-10-08 17:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  21. 2026-10-07 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  22. 2026-10-06 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  23. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  24. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  25. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  26. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  27. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 12th percentile
  28. 2026-09-29 15:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
  29. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
  30. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
  31. 2026-09-23 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 13th percentile
  32. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
  33. 2026-09-20 11:51 UTCOSV refresh
  34. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
  35. 2026-09-16 05:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
  36. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  37. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  38. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  39. 2026-09-11 09:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  40. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  41. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  42. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  43. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  44. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  45. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  46. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCVendor advisory
  48. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-337w-h8w7-m899 · GitHub CVSS 4.0
  49. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  50. 2026-09-01 12:25 UTCEG score recompute
  51. 2026-09-01 12:25 UTCVendor advisory
  52. 2026-09-01 12:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-337w-h8w7-m899 · GitHub CVSS 4.0
  53. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  54. 2026-08-31 16:43 UTCEG score recompute
  55. 2026-08-31 16:43 UTCVendor advisory
  56. 2026-08-31 16:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-337w-h8w7-m899 · GitHub CVSS 4.0
  57. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  58. 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  59. 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  60. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  61. 2026-08-25 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  62. 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  63. 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
  64. 2026-08-21 18:18 UTCEG score recompute
  65. 2026-08-21 18:18 UTCVendor advisory
  66. 2026-08-21 18:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-337w-h8w7-m899 · GitHub CVSS 4.0
  67. 2026-08-21 17:24 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-08-21 17:24 UTCVendor advisory
  69. 2026-08-21 17:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-337w-h8w7-m899 · GitHub CVSS 4.0
  70. 2026-08-21 13:23 UTCEG score recompute
  71. 2026-08-21 13:23 UTCVendor advisory
  72. 2026-08-21 13:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-337w-h8w7-m899 · GitHub CVSS 4.0
  73. 2026-08-21 13:09 UTCEG score recompute
  74. 2026-08-21 13:09 UTCVendor advisory
  75. 2026-08-21 13:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-337w-h8w7-m899 · GitHub CVSS 4.0

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-9820?
CVE-2025-9820 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on January 26, 2026. A flaw was found in the GnuTLS library, specifically in the gnutls_pkcs11_token_init() function that handles PKCS#11 token initialization. When a token label longer than expected is processed, the function writes past the end of a fixed-size stack buffer. This programming error can cause the…
When was CVE-2025-9820 made public?
CVE-2025-9820 was made public on November 18, 2025: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, Red Hat, Inc., gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on January 26, 2026. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 14, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-9820 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-9820 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.2% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (12th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-9820?
CVE-2025-9820 has a CVSS base score of 4.0 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-9820?
A fix for CVE-2025-9820 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-9820 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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