CVE-2026-5121

CRITICALPre-NVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 9.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2026-03-30. CISA-ADP (Vulnrichment) CVSS v3.1 baseline 9.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: CISA-ADP (Vulnrichment) CVSS v3.1, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory
Trending — 4 sources updated this week

Also known asEUVD-2026-17073 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1.1%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

A flaw was found in libarchive. On 32-bit systems, an integer overflow vulnerability exists in the zisofs block pointer allocation logic. A remote attacker can exploit this by providing a specially crafted ISO9660 image, which can lead to a heap buffer overflow. This could potentially allow for arbitrary code execution on the affected system.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
60
EG Risk 60/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation1.1% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
1.1%
EPSS %ILE
65th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
1.1% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-31). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

March 30, 2026

Last Modified

October 14, 2026

Advisory Details (18)

Auto-updated Oct 30, 2026
Patch available. Sources: redhat.
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:16008
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:15087
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14937
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14773
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13812
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:12274
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:12071
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:11768
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:10097
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:10065
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8873
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Update Services for SAP Solutions.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8867
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8866
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8864
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8534
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Support.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8521
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Support.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8517
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8510

Patch Availability(30)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
redhatcert-manager/cert-manager-operator-bundle:17919662592026-10-14redhat
redhatcert-manager/cert-manager-operator-bundle:17919704842026-10-14redhat
redhatcert-manager/cert-manager-operator-rhel9:17890290762026-10-13redhat
redhatcert-manager/jetstack-cert-manager-rhel9:17914597112026-10-13redhat
redhatcert-manager/jetstack-cert-manager-rhel9:17913710692026-10-13redhat
redhatcert-manager/cert-manager-istio-csr-rhel9:17914597592026-10-13redhat
redhatcert-manager/cert-manager-operator-rhel9:17917882872026-10-13redhat
redhatcert-manager/cert-manager-trust-manager-rhel9:17905985932026-09-28redhat
redhatrhaiis/model-opt-cuda-rhel9:17806819842026-06-10redhat
redhatopenshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9:413.92.202605271328-02026-06-04redhat
redhatopenshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9:4.19.9.6.202605201155-02026-05-27redhat
redhatrhaiis/vllm-cuda-rhel9:17792236542026-05-20redhat
redhatopenshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9:417.94.202605112123-02026-05-20redhat
redhatrhaiis/vllm-rocm-rhel9:17792236512026-05-20redhat
redhatopenshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9:415.92.202605060220-02026-05-13redhat
redhatopenshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9:414.92.202605060243-02026-05-13redhat
redhatrhaiis/vllm-spyre-rhel9:17782445462026-05-12redhat
redhatrhaiis/vllm-rocm-rhel9:17782445312026-05-11redhat
redhatrhaiis/model-opt-cuda-rhel9:17782445592026-05-11redhat
redhatrhaiis/vllm-cuda-rhel9:17782746662026-05-11redhat
redhatopenshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9:418.94.202604240015-02026-05-11redhat
redhatopenshift/ose-rhel-coreos-8:412.86.202604281506-02026-05-08redhat
redhatdiscovery/discovery-ui-rhel9:17781567562026-05-07redhat
redhatrhpam-7/rhpam-smartrouter-rhel8:7.13.5-4.17773257082026-05-05redhat
redhatopenshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9:416.94.202604211449-02026-04-30redhat
redhatrhui5/rhua-tp-rhel9:17774595042026-04-29redhat
redhatrhui5/rhua-rhel9:17768688422026-04-23redhat
redhatlibarchive-0:3.3.3-1.el8_4.22026-04-22redhat
redhatinsights-proxy/insights-proxy-container-rhel9:17768689612026-04-22redhat
redhatlibarchive-0:3.5.3-7.el9_6.12026-04-20redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(4 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
libarchive3.4.3-2, 3.4.3-2+deb11u1, 3.4.3-2+deb11u2, 3.4.3-2+deb11u3
  • every version up to 3.4.3-2+deb11u4: fixed in 3.4.3-2+deb11u4
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
libarchive3.6.2-1, 3.6.2-1+deb12u1, 3.6.2-1+deb12u2, 3.6.2-1+deb12u3
  • every version up to 3.6.2-1+deb12u4: fixed in 3.6.2-1+deb12u4
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
libarchive3.7.4-4
  • every version up to 3.7.4-4+deb13u1: fixed in 3.7.4-4+deb13u1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
libarchive3.7.4-4, 3.8.4-1, 3.8.5-1, 3.8.6-1
  • every version up to 3.8.7-1: fixed in 3.8.7-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(8)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 25× in last 7d / 107× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 394 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 294 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-01 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  2. 2026-11-01 13:02 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-11-01 13:02 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-11-01 13:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  5. 2026-10-31 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  6. 2026-10-31 12:25 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-31 12:25 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-10-31 12:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  9. 2026-10-30 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  10. 2026-10-30 11:50 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-30 11:50 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-10-30 11:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  13. 2026-10-29 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  14. 2026-10-29 11:14 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-29 11:14 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-10-29 11:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  17. 2026-10-28 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  18. 2026-10-28 10:34 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-28 10:34 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-10-28 10:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  21. 2026-10-27 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  22. 2026-10-27 09:06 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-27 09:06 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-10-27 09:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  25. 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-26 07:31 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-26 07:31 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-10-26 07:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  4. 2026-10-25 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  5. 2026-10-25 14:21 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-25 06:56 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-25 06:56 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-10-25 06:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  9. 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  10. 2026-10-24 06:20 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-24 06:20 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-10-24 06:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  13. 2026-10-23 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  14. 2026-10-23 05:43 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-23 05:43 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-10-23 05:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  17. 2026-10-22 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  18. 2026-10-22 05:05 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-22 05:05 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-10-22 05:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  21. 2026-10-21 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  22. 2026-10-21 04:26 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-21 04:26 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-10-21 04:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  25. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  26. 2026-10-20 03:47 UTCEG score recompute
  27. 2026-10-20 03:47 UTCVendor advisory
  28. 2026-10-20 03:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  29. 2026-10-19 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  30. 2026-10-19 03:10 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-10-19 03:10 UTCVendor advisory
  32. 2026-10-19 03:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  33. 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  34. 2026-10-18 03:33 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-10-18 02:34 UTCEG score recompute
  36. 2026-10-18 02:34 UTCVendor advisory
  37. 2026-10-18 02:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  38. 2026-10-17 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  39. 2026-10-17 01:56 UTCEG score recompute
  40. 2026-10-17 01:56 UTCVendor advisory
  41. 2026-10-17 01:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  42. 2026-10-16 16:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  43. 2026-10-16 01:19 UTCEG score recompute
  44. 2026-10-16 01:19 UTCVendor advisory
  45. 2026-10-16 01:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  46. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  47. 2026-10-14 20:28 UTCEG score recompute
  48. 2026-10-14 20:28 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-10-14 20:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  50. 2026-10-14 20:24 UTCNVD updateCVSS v3 → 9.8 · severity → CRITICAL
  51. 2026-10-14 19:38 UTCEG score recompute
  52. 2026-10-14 19:38 UTCVendor advisory
  53. 2026-10-14 19:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  54. 2026-10-14 19:34 UTCMITRE cvelistV5CVSS v3 → 7.5 · severity → HIGH
  55. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  56. 2026-10-14 04:26 UTCEG score recompute
  57. 2026-10-14 04:26 UTCVendor advisory
  58. 2026-10-14 04:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  59. 2026-10-14 04:25 UTCNVD updateCVSS v3 → 9.8 · severity → CRITICAL
  60. 2026-10-14 03:37 UTCEG score recompute
  61. 2026-10-14 03:37 UTCVendor advisory
  62. 2026-10-14 03:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  63. 2026-10-14 03:34 UTCMITRE cvelistV5CVSS v3 → 7.5 · severity → HIGH
  64. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  65. 2026-10-13 07:49 UTCEG score recompute
  66. 2026-10-13 07:49 UTCVendor advisory
  67. 2026-10-13 07:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  68. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  69. 2026-10-12 15:59 UTCEG score recompute
  70. 2026-10-12 07:13 UTCVendor advisory
  71. 2026-10-12 07:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2vwv-vqpv-v8vc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  72. 2026-10-11 19:42 UTCEG score recompute
  73. 2026-10-11 16:56 UTCEG score recompute
  74. 2026-10-11 14:20 UTCEG score recompute
  75. 2026-10-11 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-5121?
CVE-2026-5121 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on March 30, 2026. A flaw was found in libarchive. On 32-bit systems, an integer overflow vulnerability exists in the zisofs block pointer allocation logic. A remote attacker can exploit this by providing a specially crafted ISO9660 image, which can lead to a heap buffer overflow. This could potentially allow for…
When was CVE-2026-5121 made public?
CVE-2026-5121 was made public on March 30, 2026: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, Red Hat, Inc., gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on March 30, 2026. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 14, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-5121 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-5121 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1.1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (65th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-5121?
CVE-2026-5121 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (CISA-ADP / Vulnrichment enrichment; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-5121?
A fix for CVE-2026-5121 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-5121 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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