CVE-2016-0752

CRITICALNVD 7.59.0
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“▲” beside the score: it is higher than NVD's CVSS score.

Score elevated to 9.0 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2022-03-25), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 7.5 retained for reference. The 9.0 is the floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: this CVE's impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 7.5 HIGH under GitHub Security Advisory CVSS. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 4 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild

Also known asEUVD-2017-0333 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-xrr4-p6fq-hjg7 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV) — the reason this is sooner than the SSVC decision on this page at low or medium mission impact
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 96%CVSS: 7.5Exploit: Metasploit · Exploit-DB (verified) · other public PoCExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Directory traversal vulnerability in Action View in Ruby on Rails before 3.2.22.1, 4.0.x and 4.1.x before 4.1.14.1, 4.2.x before 4.2.5.1, and 5.x before 5.0.0.beta1.1 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files by leveraging an application's unrestricted use of the render method and providing a .. (dot dot) in a pathname.

CVSS v3
7.5
EG Score
9.0CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
89
EG Risk 89/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity75% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation100% × 40%
Fixed at 100% for a CISA KEV listing: EchelonGraph's rule.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Attend at low or medium mission impact; Act at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it sooner than your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and as soon as possible at high.
EPSS PROB
96%
EPSS %ILE
99th
KEV
⚠ Exploited

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.0 is the CISA KEV floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: its impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 7.5 HIGH.

EG Severity
7.5 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
96% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-31). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
CISA KEV and EG-KEV Tier 1 (exploited in the wild)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Attend at medium mission impactAttend at low or medium mission impact; Act at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Attend at low or medium mission impact; Act at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it sooner than your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and as soon as possible at high.

Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV yes (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

CISA required action“Apply updates per vendor instructions.”

Quoted verbatim from CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. CISA directs it at US federal civilian executive branch agencies under Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 26-04, which replaced BOD 22-01 on 10 June 2026; it is not EchelonGraph's advice. CISA's notes: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-0752

Published

February 16, 2016

Last Modified

June 17, 2026

Advisory Details (5)

Auto-updated Oct 26, 2026
⚠️ Actively exploited (CISA KEV, CISA Vulnrichment). Patch available.
Web page

PSIRT.COM — Product Security Incident Response Team

http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/81801
Web page

oss-security - [CVE-2016-0752] Possible Information Leak Vulnerability in Action View

http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/01/25/13
Web page

[SECURITY] [DSA 3464-1] rails security update

http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3464

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2016-0752(3)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(6)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
redhatruby193-rubygem-activesupport-1:3.2.8-6.el72016-03-15redhat
redhatror40-rubygem-activesupport-1:4.0.2-4.el72016-03-15redhat
redhatrh-ror41-rubygem-activesupport-1:4.1.5-3.el72016-02-24redhat
rubygemsactionpack @ 4.1.14.1 (fixes >= 4.0.0, <= 4.1.14.0)—ghsa
rubygemsactionpack @ 4.2.5.1 (fixes >= 4.2.0, <= 4.2.5.0)—ghsa
rubygemsactionpack @ 3.2.22.1 (fixes < 3.2.22.1)—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(8 across 7 ecosystems)
RubyGems(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
actionpack0.9.0 ... 3.2.9.rc3 (176 versions)
  • 4.0.0 up to 4.1.14.1: fixed in 4.1.14.1
  • 4.2.0 up to 4.2.5.1: fixed in 4.2.5.1
  • every version up to 3.2.22.1: fixed in 3.2.22.1
—
actionview4.2.0 ... 4.2.5.rc2 (14 versions)
  • 4.0.0 up to 4.1.14.1: fixed in 4.1.14.1
  • 4.2.0 up to 4.2.5.1: fixed in 4.2.5.1
—
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
rails—
  • every version up to 2:4.2.5.1-1: fixed in 2:4.2.5.1-1
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
rails—
  • every version up to 2:4.2.5.1-1: fixed in 2:4.2.5.1-1
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
rails—
  • every version up to 2:4.2.5.1-1: fixed in 2:4.2.5.1-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
rails—
  • every version up to 2:4.2.5.1-1: fixed in 2:4.2.5.1-1
—
Debian:7(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
ruby-actionpack-3.23.2.6-6, 3.2.6-6+deb7u1, 3.2.6-6+deb7u2
  • every version up to 3.2.6-6+deb7u3: fixed in 3.2.6-6+deb7u3
—
Debian:8(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
rails2:4.1.8-1
  • every version up to 2:4.1.8-1+deb8u1: fixed in 2:4.1.8-1+deb8u1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 16× in last 7d / 108× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 917 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 817 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-01 10:04 UTCVendor advisory
  2. 2026-11-01 10:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xrr4-p6fq-hjg7 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  3. 2026-11-01 08:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xrr4-p6fq-hjg7 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  4. 2026-11-01 08:48 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-31 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 96% · 99th percentile
  6. 2026-10-31 12:04 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-31 12:04 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-10-30 14:06 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-30 14:06 UTCVendor advisory
  10. 2026-10-29 16:08 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-10-28 18:09 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-28 18:09 UTCVendor advisory
  13. 2026-10-27 20:08 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-27 20:08 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-10-26 22:10 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-26 22:10 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-10-26 00:08 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-10-25 19:50 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-25 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 96% · 99th percentile
  20. 2026-10-25 02:10 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-25 02:10 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-10-24 04:12 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-24 04:12 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-10-23 06:12 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-23 06:12 UTCVendor advisory
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-22 08:12 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-22 08:12 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-10-21 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 96% · 99th percentile
  4. 2026-10-21 10:12 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-21 10:12 UTCVendor advisory
  6. 2026-10-20 12:13 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-20 12:13 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-10-19 14:13 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-19 14:13 UTCVendor advisory
  10. 2026-10-18 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 96% · 99th percentile
  11. 2026-10-18 16:14 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-10-18 10:56 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-17 18:16 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-17 18:16 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-10-16 20:16 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-16 20:16 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-10-15 22:16 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-15 22:16 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-10-15 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 96% · 99th percentile
  20. 2026-10-15 00:17 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-15 00:17 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-10-14 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 96% · 99th percentile
  23. 2026-10-14 02:19 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-14 02:19 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-10-13 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 96% · 99th percentile
  26. 2026-10-13 04:21 UTCVendor advisory
  27. 2026-10-12 20:47 UTCEG score recompute
  28. 2026-10-12 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 96% · 99th percentile
  29. 2026-10-12 06:23 UTCVendor advisory
  30. 2026-10-12 02:01 UTCVendor advisory
  31. 2026-10-11 21:41 UTCEG score recompute
  32. 2026-10-11 21:41 UTCVendor advisory
  33. 2026-10-11 17:22 UTCEG score recompute
  34. 2026-10-11 17:22 UTCVendor advisory
  35. 2026-10-11 13:01 UTCEG score recompute
  36. 2026-10-11 13:01 UTCVendor advisory
  37. 2026-10-11 08:40 UTCVendor advisory
  38. 2026-10-11 04:20 UTCVendor advisory
  39. 2026-10-11 00:00 UTCVendor advisory
  40. 2026-10-10 19:41 UTCVendor advisory
  41. 2026-10-10 15:20 UTCVendor advisory
  42. 2026-10-10 11:01 UTCVendor advisory
  43. 2026-10-10 06:42 UTCVendor advisory
  44. 2026-10-10 02:22 UTCVendor advisory
  45. 2026-10-09 22:03 UTCVendor advisory
  46. 2026-10-09 17:42 UTCVendor advisory
  47. 2026-10-09 13:23 UTCVendor advisory
  48. 2026-10-09 09:01 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-10-09 04:41 UTCVendor advisory
  50. 2026-10-09 00:22 UTCVendor advisory
  51. 2026-10-08 20:02 UTCVendor advisory
  52. 2026-10-08 15:41 UTCVendor advisory
  53. 2026-10-08 11:22 UTCVendor advisory
  54. 2026-10-08 07:03 UTCVendor advisory
  55. 2026-10-08 02:43 UTCVendor advisory
  56. 2026-10-07 22:23 UTCVendor advisory
  57. 2026-10-07 18:03 UTCVendor advisory
  58. 2026-10-07 13:43 UTCVendor advisory
  59. 2026-10-07 09:24 UTCVendor advisory
  60. 2026-10-07 05:05 UTCVendor advisory
  61. 2026-10-07 00:45 UTCVendor advisory
  62. 2026-10-06 20:23 UTCVendor advisory
  63. 2026-10-06 16:04 UTCVendor advisory
  64. 2026-10-06 11:44 UTCVendor advisory
  65. 2026-10-06 07:24 UTCVendor advisory
  66. 2026-10-06 03:05 UTCVendor advisory
  67. 2026-10-05 22:45 UTCVendor advisory
  68. 2026-10-05 18:26 UTCVendor advisory
  69. 2026-10-05 14:06 UTCVendor advisory
  70. 2026-10-05 09:44 UTCVendor advisory
  71. 2026-10-05 05:25 UTCVendor advisory
  72. 2026-10-05 01:05 UTCVendor advisory
  73. 2026-10-04 20:46 UTCVendor advisory
  74. 2026-10-04 16:27 UTCVendor advisory
  75. 2026-10-04 12:07 UTCVendor advisory

Publicly available exploits

(3 references)

Public exploit code is referenced for this CVE (1 Metasploit module, 1 Exploit-DB entry, 1 GitHub PoC). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly.

  • Exploit-DBEDB-40561✓ verified
    Published Oct 17, 2016

    Ruby on Rails - Dynamic Render File Upload / Remote Code Execution (Metasploit)

    Open source ↗
  • Metasploitexploit/multi/http/rails_dynamic_render_code_exec✓ verified
    Published Oct 13, 2016

    Ruby on Rails Dynamic Render File Upload Remote Code Execution

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCforced-request/rails-rce-cve-2016-0752
    Published Jan 26, 2016
    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2016-0752?
CVE-2016-0752 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on February 16, 2016. Directory traversal vulnerability in Action View in Ruby on Rails before 3.2.22.1, 4.0.x and 4.1.x before 4.1.14.1, 4.2.x before 4.2.5.1, and 5.x before 5.0.0.beta1.1 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files by leveraging an application's unrestricted use of the render method and providing a…
When was CVE-2016-0752 made public?
CVE-2016-0752 was made public on January 25, 2016: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, Red Hat, Inc., gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on February 16, 2016. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of June 17, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2016-0752 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2016-0752 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on March 25, 2022, affecting Rails Ruby on Rails. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate attention. A fix is available. Apply it.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2016-0752?
CVE-2016-0752 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + CISA KEV + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 9.0 (CRITICAL).
Which products are affected by CVE-2016-0752?
CVE-2016-0752 affects Rails Ruby on Rails. The affected packages EchelonGraph has on record, with version ranges, are listed in the Affected Packages section of this page.
How do I remediate CVE-2016-0752?
A fix for CVE-2016-0752 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2016-0752 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2016-0752

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