Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.1.0 until 12.3.0, PdfParser.PdfStream.decode() in PIL/PdfParser.py calls zlib.decompress() with bufsize set to the PDF stream Length field without bounding the decompressed output size, allowing a crafted FlateDecode PDF stream to exhaust memory from a small file. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
CVE-2026-59200
HIGHPre-NVD 7.57.5—Elevated
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence
This high-severity CVE scores 7.5 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.4%, top 71% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).
Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, secondary
7.5
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
- High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 0%CVSS: 7.5Exploit: NoneExposed: 0
No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.
- CVSS v3
- 7.5
- EG Score
- 7.5(medium)
- EG Risk
- 65(Attend)EG Risk 65/100SSVC: Attend
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).
How it’s computedSeverity75% × 45%Exploitation40% × 40%Automatability100% × 15%Action: Remediate soon — notable exploitation risk. - EPSS
- 29.0%
- KEV
- Not listed
Published
July 14, 2026
Last Modified
July 21, 2026
Advisory Details (4)
Auto-updated Jul 15, 2026🔬 Proof of concept available. Patch available. Sources: github_commit, github_pr, github_release, github.
github Patch Available🟡 PoC Available
Decompression Bomb DoS via PdfParser.PdfStream.decode() · Advisory · python-pillow/Pillow · GitHub
https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/advisories/GHSA-jjj6-mw9f-p565github_release Patch Available
12.3.0
Patch available: python-pillow/Pillow 12.3.0
https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/releases/tag/12.3.0github_pr Patch Available
Add max_length to PdfStream decode()
Patch available: python-pillow/Pillow 12.3.0 (PR #9718 merged 2026-06-29)
https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/pull/9718github_commit Patch Available
commit f7a31ea75e46 (python-pillow/Pillow)
Patch available: python-pillow/Pillow 12.3.0 (contains commit f7a31ea75e46)
https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/f7a31ea75e460e108c37126da1f47812f21f6b09Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-59200(1)
These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.
Affected Packages
(1 across 1 ecosystem)
PyPI(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fixed in | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| pillow | 10.0.0 ... 9.5.0 (48 versions) | 12.3.0 | — |
Weakness Classification(2)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 12× in last 30d)
Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.
- 2026-07-23 03:21 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-22 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-22 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-20 17:08 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-19 14:31 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-19 02:29 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-16 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-14 16:40 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-14 16:40 UTCMITRE cvelistV5first tracked
Related CVEs(same CWE)
Same CWE
10 shownCWE-400 · CWE-770
- CVE-2004-1464NVD 5.9EG 9.0 KEVEPSS 92%MEDIUM
- CVE-2006-1364NVD 7.5EG 8.2EPSS 99%HIGH
- CVE-2008-5180NVD 5.3EG 7.9EPSS 99%MEDIUM
- CVE-2007-20001EG 7.5HIGH
- CVE-2002-20001EG 7.5EPSS 98%HIGH
- CVE-2012-0785EG 7.5HIGH
- CVE-2012-5366EG 7.5HIGH
- CVE-2012-5365EG 7.5HIGH
- CVE-2012-5364EG 7.5EPSS 96%HIGH
- CVE-2012-5363EG 7.5HIGH
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2026-59200?
CVE-2026-59200 is a high vulnerability published on July 14, 2026. Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.1.0 until 12.3.0, PdfParser.PdfStream.decode() in PIL/PdfParser.py calls zlib.decompress() with bufsize set to the PDF stream Length field without bounding the decompressed output size, allowing a crafted FlateDecode PDF stream to exhaust memory from a…
When was CVE-2026-59200 disclosed?
CVE-2026-59200 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on July 14, 2026, with the most recent update on July 21, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-59200 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-59200 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 29.0% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-59200?
CVE-2026-59200 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-59200?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-59200, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.
Dependency Blast Radius
See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2026-59200
Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2026-59200?
EchelonGraph automatically scans your cloud infrastructure and maps CVE exposure using blast radius analysis.