ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0, the variable-base scalar multiplication gadget in halo2_gadgets/src/ecc/chip/mul/incomplete.rs used assign_advice() for the base point without a copy constraint tying it to the actual base, allowing a malicious prover to produce a valid proof for an Orchard Action with an under-constrained base point and bypass the diversified-address-integrity check that binds pk_d, g_d, ivk, the nullifier (nf), and the spend validating key (ak) to the note being spent. This issue is fixed in zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0.
CVE-2026-54496
CRITICALPre-NVD 9.39.3—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence
This critical-severity CVE scores 9.3 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.3%, top 76% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).
Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, secondary
9.3
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
- High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 0%CVSS: 9.3Exploit: NoneExposed: 0
No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.
- CVSS v3
- 9.3
- EG Score
- 9.3(medium)
- EG Risk
- 57(Track)EG Risk 57/100SSVC: Track
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).
How it’s computedSeverity93% × 45%Exploitation0% × 40%Automatability100% × 15%Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence. - EPSS
- 23.8%
- KEV
- Not listed
Published
July 6, 2026
Last Modified
July 17, 2026
Advisory Details (4)
Auto-updated Jul 17, 2026Patch available. Sources: github, github_release.
generic
Zebra 4.5.3 and 5.0.0: Emergency Soft Fork and NU6.2 Activation - Zcash Foundation
https://zfnd.org/zebra-4-5-3-and-5-0-0-emergency-soft-fork-and-nu6-2-activationgithub_release Patch Available
v6.20.0
Patch available: zcash/zcash v6.20.0
https://github.com/zcash/zcash/releases/tag/v6.20.0github_release Patch Available
Zebra 5.0.0 (NU6.2)
Patch available: ZcashFoundation/zebra v5.0.0
https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/releases/tag/v5.0.0github Patch Available
Missing copy constraint in halo2_gadgets variable-base scalar multiplication allows under-constrained base, breaking Orchard Action circuit soundness · Advisory · ZcashFoundation/zebra · GitHub
https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-ww9q-8r59-xv46Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-54496(1)
These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.
Affected Packages
(4 across 1 ecosystem)
crates.io(4)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fixed in | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| halo2_gadgets | — | 0.5.0 | — |
| orchard | — | 0.14.0 | — |
| zcash_primitives | — | 0.28.0 | — |
| zebrad | — | 5.0.0 | — |
Weakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 9× in last 7d / 10× in last 30d)
Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.
- 2026-07-23 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-23 03:19 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-22 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-21 15:25 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-20 17:08 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-19 14:31 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-19 14:31 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-19 03:43 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-07-19 02:29 UTCEPSS rescore
- 2026-07-06 21:35 UTCEG score recompute
Related CVEs(same CWE)
Same CWE
10 shownCWE-345
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2026-54496?
CVE-2026-54496 is a critical vulnerability published on July 6, 2026. ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad 5.0.0, halo2gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcashprimitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0, the variable-base scalar multiplication gadget in halo2gadgets/src/ecc/chip/mul/incomplete.rs used assignadvice() for the base point without a copy…
When was CVE-2026-54496 disclosed?
CVE-2026-54496 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on July 6, 2026, with the most recent update on July 17, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-54496 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-54496 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 23.8% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-54496?
CVE-2026-54496 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.3 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-54496?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-54496, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.
Dependency Blast Radius
See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2026-54496
Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2026-54496?
EchelonGraph automatically scans your cloud infrastructure and maps CVE exposure using blast radius analysis.