Better Auth is an authentication and authorization library for TypeScript. Prior to 1.6.11, the legacy oidcProvider and mcp plugins expose OAuth token endpoints whose refresh_token grant authenticates only possession of the bound refreshToken row and matching client_id, without verifying the confidential client's client_secret, allowing an attacker with a valid refresh_token to mint access tokens and rotated refresh tokens through /api/auth/oauth2/token or /api/auth/mcp/token. The @better-auth/oauth-provider package is not affected. This issue is fixed in version 1.6.11.
CVE-2026-53512
“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.
Score 9.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2026-07-07. NVD baseline CVSS 9.1; sources differ by 0.0.
Also known asEUVD-2026-44735 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-pw9m-5jxm-xr6h (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD
- High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
A fix is available — apply it.
- CVSS v3
- 9.1
- EG Score
- 9.1CRITICALmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 56EG Risk 56/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity91% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation0.3% × 40%FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.Automatability100% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high. - EPSS PROB
- 0.3%
- EPSS %ILE
- 19th
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (9.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 9.1 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
- EG Likelihood
- 0.3% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-31). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.
The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
July 7, 2026
Last Modified
July 21, 2026
Advisory Details (4)
Auto-updated Sep 16, 2026OAuth refresh-token replay via missing client authentication on oidc-provider and mcp plugins · Advisory · better-auth/better-auth · GitHub
https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/security/advisories/GHSA-pw9m-5jxm-xr6hv1.6.11
Patch available: better-auth/better-auth v1.6.11
https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/releases/tag/v1.6.11fix(oidc-provider, mcp): authenticate confidential clients on refresh_token grant
Fix merged in better-auth/better-auth PR #9576 on 2026-05-12 — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/pull/9576commit 1f2ff4215c4a (better-auth/better-auth)
Fix landed in better-auth/better-auth commit 1f2ff4215c4a — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/better-auth/better-auth/commit/1f2ff4215c4affff0b140b0c0a712c0dde35659cVendor Advisories for CVE-2026-53512(1)
These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.
Patch Availability(1)
| Vendor / Ecosystem | Fix (by version range) / Patch | Released | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| npm | better-auth @ 1.6.11 (fixes < 1.6.11) | — | ghsa |
Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.
Affected Packages
(1 across 1 ecosystem)
npm(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| better-auth | — |
| — |
Weakness Classification(4)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 14× in last 7d / 55× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
Showing the most recent 100 of 169 refreshes on record for this CVE.
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 69 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.
- 2026-11-01 16:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pw9m-5jxm-xr6h · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-11-01 07:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pw9m-5jxm-xr6h · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-11-01 07:45 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-31 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 19th percentile
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- 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 18th percentile
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Related CVEs(same product + same CWE)
Same product
10 shownnpm:better-auth
Same CWE
10 shownCWE-863 · CWE-306 · CWE-287
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2026-53512?
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-53512 published?
Is CVE-2026-53512 actively exploited?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-53512?
How do I remediate CVE-2026-53512?
Dependency Blast Radius
See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2026-53512
Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2026-53512?
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