CVE-2025-9287

CRITICALNVD 9.19.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 9.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2025-08-21. NVD baseline CVSS 9.1; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 4 sources updated this weekElevated

Also known asEUVD-2025-25405 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-cpq7-6gpm-g9rc (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.5%CVSS: 9.1Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in cipher-base allows Input Data Manipulation.This issue affects cipher-base: through 1.0.4.

CVSS v3
9.1
EG Score
9.1CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
57
EG Risk 57/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity91% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.5%
EPSS %ILE
46th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.1 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.5% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

August 20, 2025

Last Modified

June 17, 2026

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated Sep 16, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_pr, github.
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

Missing type checks can allow types other than a well-formed `Buffer` or `string`, resulting in undefined behaviour · Advisory · browserify/cipher-base · GitHub

https://github.com/browserify/cipher-base/security/advisories/GHSA-cpq7-6gpm-g9rc
Web pageMentions a patch (unverified)

[SECURITY] [DLA 4291-1] node-cipher-base security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/09/msg00005.html
GitHub pull request

[Fix] return valid values on multi-byte-wide TypedArray input

Fix merged in browserify/cipher-base PR #23 on 2024-11-17 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/browserify/cipher-base/pull/23

Patch Availability(15)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntunode-cipher-base (1.0.4-6+deb13u1ubuntu0.24.04.1) @ noble2026-10-31ubuntu
redhatopenshift-pipelines/pipelines-hub-ui-rhel8:17720364712026-03-04redhat
redhatmulticluster-engine/console-mce-rhel9:17658293332026-01-15redhat
redhatrhacm2/console-rhel9:17680019802026-01-14redhat
redhatmulticluster-engine/console-mce-rhel9:v2.62025-12-17redhat
redhatrhacm2/console-rhel9:v2.112025-12-17redhat
redhatopenshift-pipelines/pipelines-hub-ui-rhel9:v1.19.4-17648190192025-12-09redhat
redhatrhacm2/console-rhel9:v2.142025-10-30redhat
redhatmulticluster-engine/console-mce-rhel9:v2.92025-10-30redhat
redhatmulticluster-engine-work-container-v2.7.6-32025-10-21redhat
redhatthanos-receive-controller-container-v2.12.5-32025-10-21redhat
redhatrhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9:1.7.1-17579630432025-09-16redhat
redhatdevspaces/machineexec-rhel9:3.23-17565095512025-09-15redhat
redhatrhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9:1.6.4-17562411912025-08-27redhat
npmcipher-base @ 1.0.5 (fixes <= 1.0.4)—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(5 across 5 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
node-cipher-base1.0.4-4
  • every version up to 1.0.4-4+deb11u1: fixed in 1.0.4-4+deb11u1
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
node-cipher-base1.0.4-6
  • every version up to 1.0.4-6+deb12u1: fixed in 1.0.4-6+deb12u1
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
node-cipher-base1.0.4-6
  • every version up to 1.0.4-6+deb13u1: fixed in 1.0.4-6+deb13u1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
node-cipher-base1.0.4-6
  • every version up to 1.0.6-1: fixed in 1.0.6-1
—
npm(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
cipher-base—
  • every version up to 1.0.5: fixed in 1.0.5
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(3)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 22× in last 7d / 76× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 222 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 122 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-01 20:57 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-11-01 20:57 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-11-01 20:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpq7-6gpm-g9rc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  4. 2026-11-01 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 46th percentile
  5. 2026-11-01 08:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpq7-6gpm-g9rc · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  6. 2026-11-01 08:01 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-31 18:41 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-31 18:41 UTCVendor advisory
  9. 2026-10-31 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 46th percentile
  10. 2026-10-30 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 46th percentile
  11. 2026-10-30 16:23 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-30 16:23 UTCVendor advisory
  13. 2026-10-29 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 45th percentile
  14. 2026-10-29 14:06 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-29 14:06 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-10-28 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 45th percentile
  17. 2026-10-28 11:49 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-28 11:49 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-10-27 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 45th percentile
  20. 2026-10-27 09:23 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-27 09:23 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-10-26 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 45th percentile
  23. 2026-10-26 06:52 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-26 06:52 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-10-25 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 45th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-25 15:59 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-25 04:31 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-25 04:31 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-10-24 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 45th percentile
  5. 2026-10-24 02:15 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-24 02:15 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 45th percentile
  8. 2026-10-22 23:58 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-22 23:58 UTCVendor advisory
  10. 2026-10-22 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 45th percentile
  11. 2026-10-21 21:38 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-21 21:38 UTCVendor advisory
  13. 2026-10-21 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 45th percentile
  14. 2026-10-20 18:56 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-20 18:56 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 44th percentile
  17. 2026-10-19 16:38 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-19 16:38 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-10-19 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  20. 2026-10-18 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  21. 2026-10-18 14:09 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-10-18 05:13 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  24. 2026-10-17 11:50 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-17 11:50 UTCVendor advisory
  26. 2026-10-16 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  27. 2026-10-16 09:31 UTCEG score recompute
  28. 2026-10-16 09:31 UTCVendor advisory
  29. 2026-10-15 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  30. 2026-10-15 07:14 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-10-15 07:14 UTCVendor advisory
  32. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  33. 2026-10-14 03:12 UTCEG score recompute
  34. 2026-10-14 03:12 UTCVendor advisory
  35. 2026-10-13 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  36. 2026-10-12 23:14 UTCVendor advisory
  37. 2026-10-12 16:43 UTCEG score recompute
  38. 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  39. 2026-10-12 09:59 UTCVendor advisory
  40. 2026-10-11 20:18 UTCEG score recompute
  41. 2026-10-11 18:30 UTCEG score recompute
  42. 2026-10-11 15:04 UTCEG score recompute
  43. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  44. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 43rd percentile
  45. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  46. 2026-10-08 17:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  47. 2026-10-07 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  48. 2026-10-06 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  49. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  50. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  51. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  52. 2026-10-02 06:41 UTCOSV refresh
  53. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  54. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  55. 2026-09-29 15:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  56. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  57. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
  58. 2026-09-23 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  59. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  60. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 42nd percentile
  61. 2026-09-16 05:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  62. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  63. 2026-09-13 04:39 UTCOSV refresh
  64. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  65. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  66. 2026-09-11 09:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  67. 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  68. 2026-09-08 22:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  69. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  70. 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  71. 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  72. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  73. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  74. 2026-09-01 04:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  75. 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-9287?
CVE-2025-9287 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on August 20, 2025. Improper Input Validation vulnerability in cipher-base allows Input Data Manipulation.This issue affects cipher-base: through 1.0.4.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-9287 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-9287 was published on August 20, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of June 17, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-9287 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-9287 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.5% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (46th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-9287?
CVE-2025-9287 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-9287?
A fix for CVE-2025-9287 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-9287 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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