CVE-2025-31115

HIGHPre-NVD 8.78.7—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This high-severity CVE scores 8.7 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.0%, top 87% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
8.7
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 1%CVSS: 8.7Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

XZ Utils provide a general-purpose data-compression library plus command-line tools. In XZ Utils 5.3.3alpha to 5.8.0, the multithreaded .xz decoder in liblzma has a bug where invalid input can at least result in a crash. The effects include heap use after free and writing to an address based on the null pointer plus an offset. Applications and libraries that use the lzma_stream_decoder_mt function are affected. The bug has been fixed in XZ Utils 5.8.1, and the fix has been committed to the v5.4, v5.6, v5.8, and master branches in the xz Git repository. No new release packages will be made from the old stable branches, but a standalone patch is available that applies to all affected releases.

CVSS v3
8.7
EG Score
8.7(medium)
EG Risk
—
EPSS
47.2%
KEV
Not listed

Published

April 3, 2025

Last Modified

July 14, 2026

Advisory Details (7)

Auto-updated May 12, 2026
⚠️ Active exploitation confirmed. Patch available. Sources: github.
generic🔴 Active Exploitation

SSA-082556

https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html
generic

oss-security - Re: XZ Utils: Threaded decoder frees memory too early (CVE-2025-31115)

http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/03/3
generic

oss-security - Re: XZ Utils: Threaded decoder frees memory too early (CVE-2025-31115)

http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/03/2
generic

oss-security - XZ Utils: Threaded decoder frees memory too early (CVE-2025-31115)

http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/03/1
generic
https://tukaani.org/xz/xz-cve-2025-31115.patch
github Patch Available

XZ Utils: Threaded decoder frees memory too early · Advisory · tukaani-project/xz · GitHub

https://github.com/tukaani-project/xz/security/advisories/GHSA-6cc8-p5mm-29w2
generic

liblzma: mt dec: Don't free the input buffer too early (CVE-2025-31115) · tukaani-project/xz@d5a2ffe · GitHub

https://github.com/tukaani-project/xz/commit/d5a2ffe41bb77b918a8c96084885d4dbe4bf6480

Patch Availability(2)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntuxzdec (5.6.1+really5.4.5-1ubuntu0.2) @ noble2026-05-21ubuntu
redhatxz-1:5.6.2-4.el10_02025-05-13redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Weakness Classification(4)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

All Vendor Advisories

(3)

Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 12× in last 7d / 48× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 126 total refreshes for this CVE.

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-31115?
CVE-2025-31115 is a high vulnerability published on April 3, 2025. XZ Utils provide a general-purpose data-compression library plus command-line tools. In XZ Utils 5.3.3alpha to 5.8.0, the multithreaded .xz decoder in liblzma has a bug where invalid input can at least result in a crash. The effects include heap use after free and writing to an address based on the…
When was CVE-2025-31115 disclosed?
CVE-2025-31115 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on April 3, 2025, with the most recent update on July 14, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-31115 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-31115 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 47.2% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-31115?
CVE-2025-31115 has a CVSS v4.0 base score of 8.7 (CNA self-assessment; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-31115?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-31115, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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