CVE-2025-22069

HIGHNVD 7.87.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 7.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2025-04-16. NVD baseline CVSS 7.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, nvd
7.8
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 0%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

riscv: fgraph: Fix stack layout to match __arch_ftrace_regs argument of ftrace_return_to_handler

Naresh Kamboju reported a "Bad frame pointer" kernel warning while running LTP trace ftrace_stress_test.sh in riscv. We can reproduce the same issue with the following command:

$ cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing
$ echo 'f:myprobe do_nanosleep%return args1=$retval' > dynamic_events
$ echo 1 > events/fprobes/enable
$ echo 1 > tracing_on
$ sleep 1

And we can get the following kernel warning:

[ 127.692888] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 127.693755] Bad frame pointer: expected ff2000000065be50, received ba34c141e9594000 [ 127.693755] from func do_nanosleep return to ffffffff800ccb16 [ 127.698699] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 129 at kernel/trace/fgraph.c:755 ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be [ 127.699894] Modules linked in: [ 127.700908] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 129 Comm: sleep Not tainted 6.14.0-rc3-g0ab191c74642 #32 [ 127.701453] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT) [ 127.701859] epc : ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be [ 127.702032] ra : ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be [ 127.702151] epc : ffffffff8013b5e0 ra : ffffffff8013b5e0 sp : ff2000000065bd10 [ 127.702221] gp : ffffffff819c12f8 tp : ff60000080853100 t0 : 6e00000000000000 [ 127.702284] t1 : 0000000000000020 t2 : 6e7566206d6f7266 s0 : ff2000000065bd80 [ 127.702346] s1 : ff60000081262000 a0 : 000000000000007b a1 : ffffffff81894f20 [ 127.702408] a2 : 0000000000000010 a3 : fffffffffffffffe a4 : 0000000000000000 [ 127.702470] a5 : 0000000000000000 a6 : 0000000000000008 a7 : 0000000000000038 [ 127.702530] s2 : ba34c141e9594000 s3 : 0000000000000000 s4 : ff2000000065bdd0 [ 127.702591] s5 : 00007fff8adcf400 s6 : 000055556dc1d8c0 s7 : 0000000000000068 [ 127.702651] s8 : 00007fff8adf5d10 s9 : 000000000000006d s10: 0000000000000001 [ 127.702710] s11: 00005555737377c8 t3 : ffffffff819d899e t4 : ffffffff819d899e [ 127.702769] t5 : ffffffff819d89a0 t6 : ff2000000065bb18 [ 127.702826] status: 0000000200000120 badaddr: 0000000000000000 cause: 0000000000000003 [ 127.703292] [] ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be [ 127.703760] [] return_to_handler+0x16/0x26 [ 127.704009] [] return_to_handler+0x0/0x26 [ 127.704057] [] common_nsleep+0x42/0x54 [ 127.704117] [] __riscv_sys_clock_nanosleep+0xba/0x10a [ 127.704176] [] do_trap_ecall_u+0x188/0x218 [ 127.704295] [] handle_exception+0x14a/0x156 [ 127.705436] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---

The reason is that the stack layout for constructing argument for the ftrace_return_to_handler in the return_to_handler does not match the __arch_ftrace_regs structure of riscv, leading to unexpected results.

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
7.8(medium)
EG Risk
40(Track)
EG Risk 40/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity78% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability30% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS
9.6%
KEV
Not listed

Published

April 16, 2025

Last Modified

June 1, 2026

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated Jun 6, 2026
No patch confirmed yet.
generic

riscv: fgraph: Fix stack layout to match __arch_ftrace_regs argument of ftrace_return_to_handler - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7ed384db061a264bd806898f7ccab9b98b591488
generic

riscv: fgraph: Fix stack layout to match __arch_ftrace_regs argument of ftrace_return_to_handler - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/78b39c587b8f6c69140177108f9c08a75b1c7c37
generic

riscv: fgraph: Fix stack layout to match __arch_ftrace_regs argument of ftrace_return_to_handler - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/67a5ba8f742f247bc83e46dd2313c142b1383276

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-22069(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(4)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-24.04-edge (6.14.0-22.22) @ plucky2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure (6.14.0-1007.7) @ plucky2026-05-21ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-64k (6.14.0-1007.7) @ plucky2026-05-21ubuntu
linuxKernel @ 6.12.92—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

All Vendor Advisories

(3)

Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 12× in last 7d / 44× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 129 total refreshes for this CVE.

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-22069?
CVE-2025-22069 is a high vulnerability published on April 16, 2025. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: riscv: fgraph: Fix stack layout to match archftraceregs argument of ftracereturnto_handler Naresh Kamboju reported a "Bad frame pointer" kernel warning while running LTP trace ftracestresstest.sh in riscv. We can reproduce the same…
When was CVE-2025-22069 disclosed?
CVE-2025-22069 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on April 16, 2025, with the most recent update on June 1, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-22069 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-22069 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 9.6% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-22069?
CVE-2025-22069 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-22069?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-22069, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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