CVE-2023-4921

HIGHNVD 7.87.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 7.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2023-09-12. NVD baseline CVSS 7.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 4 sources updated this week

Also known asEUVD-2023-54757 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-qw4m-2pv2-7r5f (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

7.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.4%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

A use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel's net/sched: sch_qfq component can be exploited to achieve local privilege escalation.

When the plug qdisc is used as a class of the qfq qdisc, sending network packets triggers use-after-free in qfq_dequeue() due to the incorrect .peek handler of sch_plug and lack of error checking in agg_dequeue().

We recommend upgrading past commit 8fc134fee27f2263988ae38920bc03da416b03d8.

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
7.8HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
35
EG Risk 35/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity78% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.4% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.4%
EPSS %ILE
36th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (7.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
7.8 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.4% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-27). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

September 12, 2023

Last Modified

October 14, 2026

Advisory Details (6)

Auto-updated Oct 14, 2026
Patch available.
Web pageMentions a patch (unverified)

SSA-398330

https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-398330.html
Web pageMentions a patch (unverified)

[SECURITY] [DLA 3710-1] linux security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/01/msg00004.html
Web pageMentions a patch (unverified)

[SECURITY] [DLA 3623-1] linux-5.10 security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/10/msg00027.html
Web page

net: sched: sch_qfq: Fix UAF in qfq_dequeue() - kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree

https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=8fc134fee27f2263988ae38920bc03da416b03d8

Patch Availability(25)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-tools-oem-22.04d (6.5.0.1007.9) @ jammy2026-10-28ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-lts-xenial (4.4.0.246.252) @ xenial2026-10-28ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-bluefield (5.4.0.1073.68) @ focal2026-10-28ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-nvidia-hwe-22.04-edge (6.2.0.1011.13) @ jammy2026-10-28ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-16.04-edge (4.15.0.219.3) @ xenial2026-10-28ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-22.04-edge (6.5.0.10.12) @ mantic2026-10-28ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual (3.13.0.197.207) @ trusty2026-10-28ubuntu
ubuntulinux-xilinx-zynqmp-tools-5.4.0-1032 (5.4.0-1032.36) @ focal2026-10-28ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-22.04-edge (6.2.0.35.35) @ lunar2026-10-28ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-intel-iotg (5.15.0.1043.43) @ jammy2026-10-28ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-20.04-edge (5.15.0.87.84) @ jammy2026-10-28ubuntu
redhatkernel-0:2.6.32-754.53.1.el62024-04-16redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-477.51.1.el8_82024-03-19redhat
redhatkpatch-patch2024-03-19redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:3.10.0-1160.114.2.rt56.1266.el72024-03-14redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:4.18.0-193.128.1.rt13.179.el8_22024-03-12redhat
redhatkernel-0:3.10.0-1160.114.2.el72024-03-12redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-193.128.1.el8_22024-03-12redhat
redhatkernel-0:3.10.0-1062.85.1.el72024-02-27redhat
redhatkernel-0:3.10.0-957.111.1.el72024-02-26redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:4.18.0-513.18.1.rt7.320.el8_92024-02-20redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-513.18.1.el8_92024-02-20redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-372.91.1.el8_62024-02-07redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:4.18.0-305.120.1.rt7.196.el8_42024-01-30redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-305.120.1.el8_42024-01-30redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(6 across 5 ecosystems)
Debian:10(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux4.19.118-1 ... 4.19.98-1~bpo9+1 (45 versions)
  • every version up to 4.19.304-1: fixed in 4.19.304-1
—
linux-5.105.10.136-1~deb10u1 ... 5.10.179-5~deb10u1 (10 versions)
  • every version up to 5.10.197-1~deb10u1: fixed in 5.10.197-1~deb10u1
—
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux5.10.103-1 ... 5.10.92-2 (34 versions)
  • every version up to 5.10.197-1: fixed in 5.10.197-1
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.1.27-1 ... 6.1.55-1~bpo11+1 (10 versions)
  • every version up to 6.1.55-1: fixed in 6.1.55-1
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux—
  • every version up to 6.5.6-1: fixed in 6.5.6-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux—
  • every version up to 6.5.6-1: fixed in 6.5.6-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(9)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 10× in last 7d / 46× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 95 of 228 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 5 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 133 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-02 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  2. 2026-11-01 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  3. 2026-10-31 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  4. 2026-10-30 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  5. 2026-10-29 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  6. 2026-10-28 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  7. 2026-10-28 05:53 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-28 05:53 UTCVendor advisory
  9. 2026-10-28 05:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-qw4m-2pv2-7r5f · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  10. 2026-10-27 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 36th percentile
  11. 2026-10-26 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  12. 2026-10-25 17:31 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-25 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  14. 2026-10-24 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  15. 2026-10-23 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  16. 2026-10-22 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  17. 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  18. 2026-10-21 09:54 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-21 09:54 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-10-21 09:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-qw4m-2pv2-7r5f · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  21. 2026-10-20 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  22. 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  23. 2026-10-18 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  24. 2026-10-18 07:45 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-17 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
Show 70 more
  1. 2026-10-16 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  2. 2026-10-15 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  3. 2026-10-14 22:31 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-10-14 22:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-qw4m-2pv2-7r5f · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  5. 2026-10-14 21:57 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-14 21:57 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-10-14 21:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-qw4m-2pv2-7r5f · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.8
  8. 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  9. 2026-10-13 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  10. 2026-10-13 02:24 UTCOSV refresh
  11. 2026-10-12 18:15 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-12 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  13. 2026-10-11 21:41 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-11 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  15. 2026-10-10 19:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  16. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  17. 2026-10-08 17:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  18. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 34th percentile
  19. 2026-10-06 15:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  20. 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  21. 2026-10-04 23:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  22. 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  23. 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  24. 2026-09-30 16:34 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  26. 2026-09-29 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  27. 2026-09-28 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  28. 2026-09-27 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  29. 2026-09-26 00:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  30. 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  31. 2026-09-23 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  32. 2026-09-23 00:02 UTCOSV refresh
  33. 2026-09-22 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  34. 2026-09-21 20:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  35. 2026-09-20 20:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  36. 2026-09-18 19:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  37. 2026-09-17 19:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  38. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  39. 2026-09-16 05:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  40. 2026-09-15 03:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  41. 2026-09-13 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 35th percentile
  42. 2026-09-12 14:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  43. 2026-09-11 14:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  44. 2026-09-11 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  45. 2026-09-08 21:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  46. 2026-09-07 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  47. 2026-09-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  48. 2026-09-05 15:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  49. 2026-09-04 13:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  50. 2026-09-04 05:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  51. 2026-09-03 18:46 UTCOSV refresh
  52. 2026-09-02 14:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  53. 2026-09-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  54. 2026-09-01 04:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  55. 2026-08-30 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  56. 2026-08-30 01:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  57. 2026-08-28 21:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  58. 2026-08-27 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  59. 2026-08-26 14:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  60. 2026-08-25 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  61. 2026-08-24 14:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  62. 2026-08-23 00:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  63. 2026-08-21 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  64. 2026-08-20 22:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 33rd percentile
  65. 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  66. 2026-08-18 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  67. 2026-08-17 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  68. 2026-08-17 08:01 UTCOSV refresh
  69. 2026-08-16 14:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile
  70. 2026-08-16 02:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.4% · 32nd percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-4921?
CVE-2023-4921 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on September 12, 2023. A use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel's net/sched: sch_qfq component can be exploited to achieve local privilege escalation. When the plug qdisc is used as a class of the qfq qdisc, sending network packets triggers use-after-free in qfq_dequeue() due to the incorrect .peek handler of…
When was CVE-2023-4921 made public?
CVE-2023-4921 was made public on September 5, 2023: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, Google LLC, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on September 12, 2023. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 14, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2023-4921 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-4921 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.4% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (36th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-4921?
CVE-2023-4921 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-4921?
A fix for CVE-2023-4921 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2023-4921 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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