CVE-2023-40014

MEDIUMNVD 5.35.3—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This medium-severity CVE scores 5.3 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.6%, top 54% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
5.3
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorLow exploitation likelihood right now — keep watching.
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 1%CVSS: 5.3Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for secure smart contract development. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 4.9.3, contracts using ERC2771Context along with a custom trusted forwarder may see _msgSender return address(0) in calls that originate from the forwarder with calldata shorter than 20 bytes. This combination of circumstances does not appear to be common, in particular it is not the case for MinimalForwarder from OpenZeppelin Contracts, or any deployed forwarder the team is aware of, given that the signer address is appended to all calls that originate from these forwarders. The problem has been patched in v4.9.3.

CVSS v3
5.3
EG Score
5.3(medium)
EG Risk
—
EPSS
45.6%
KEV
Not listed

Published

August 10, 2023

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

References (12)

Affected Packages

(2 across 1 ecosystem)
npm(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
@openzeppelin/contracts—4.9.3—
@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable—4.9.3—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 48× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 107 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-22 23:12 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
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Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-40014?
CVE-2023-40014 is a medium vulnerability published on August 10, 2023. OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for secure smart contract development. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 4.9.3, contracts using ERC2771Context along with a custom trusted forwarder may see _msgSender return address(0) in calls that originate from the forwarder with calldata shorter…
When was CVE-2023-40014 disclosed?
CVE-2023-40014 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on August 10, 2023, with the most recent update on November 21, 2024. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2023-40014 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-40014 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 45.6% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-40014?
CVE-2023-40014 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-40014?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2023-40014, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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