CVE-2023-39362

CRITICALNVD 7.29.0
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“▲” beside the score: it is higher than NVD's CVSS score.

Score elevated to 9.0 because EPSS predicted 85% probability of exploitation within the next 30 days (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs) when EchelonGraph scored this CVE. NVD baseline CVSS 7.2 retained for reference. Confidence: see factors.

Triggered by: EPSS exploit prediction (continuous uplift above 30%)
Sources: EPSS, NVD CVSS v3
Weaponized

Also known asEUVD-2023-43088 (ENISA EUVD)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High exploitation likelihood — EPSS 85%
  • Public exploit or proof-of-concept code is available
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 85%CVSS: 7.2Exploit: Public PoCExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. In Cacti 1.2.24, under certain conditions, an authenticated privileged user, can use a malicious string in the SNMP options of a Device, performing command injection and obtaining remote code execution on the underlying server. The lib/snmp.php file has a set of functions, with similar behavior, that accept in input some variables and place them into an exec call without a proper escape or validation. This issue has been addressed in version 1.2.25. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

CVSS v3
7.2
EG Score
9.0CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
67
EG Risk 67/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity72% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.2 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation85% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
85%
EPSS %ILE
99th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.0 is EPSS's lift toward 9.0 from its impact severity (EG Severity, CVSS 7.2 HIGH): a likelihood of exploitation, not impact.

EG Severity
7.2 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
85% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

September 5, 2023

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

Advisory Details (7)

Auto-updated Oct 14, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github.
Web pageMentions a patch (unverified)

[SECURITY] [DLA 3765-1] cacti security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/03/msg00018.html
GitHub advisoryMentions a patch (unverified)

Authenticated command injection when using SNMP options · Advisory · Cacti/cacti · GitHub

https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/security/advisories/GHSA-g6ff-58cj-x3cp
Web page

[SECURITY] [DSA 5550-1] cacti security update

https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5550
Web page

[SECURITY] Fedora 37 Update: cacti-1.2.25-1.fc37 - package-announce - Fedora mailing-lists

https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WZGB2UXJEUYWWA6IWVFQ3ZTP22FIHMGN/
Web page

[SECURITY] Fedora 39 Update: cacti-spine-1.2.25-1.fc39 - package-announce - Fedora mailing-lists

https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WOQFYGLZBAWT4AWNMO7DU73QXWPXTCKH/
Web page

[SECURITY] Fedora 38 Update: cacti-spine-1.2.25-1.fc38 - package-announce - Fedora mailing-lists

https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CFH3J2WVBKY4ZJNMARVOWJQK6PSLPHFH/

Affected Packages

(5 across 5 ecosystems)
Debian:10(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
cacti1.2.2+ds1-2 ... 1.2.2+ds1-2+deb10u5 (6 versions)
  • every version up to 1.2.2+ds1-2+deb10u6: fixed in 1.2.2+ds1-2+deb10u6
—
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
cacti1.2.16+ds1-2, 1.2.16+ds1-2+deb11u1
  • every version up to 1.2.16+ds1-2+deb11u2: fixed in 1.2.16+ds1-2+deb11u2
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
cacti1.2.24+ds1-1
  • every version up to 1.2.24+ds1-1+deb12u1: fixed in 1.2.24+ds1-1+deb12u1
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
cacti—
  • every version up to 1.2.25+ds1-1: fixed in 1.2.25+ds1-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
cacti—
  • every version up to 1.2.25+ds1-1: fixed in 1.2.25+ds1-1
—

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 34× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 83 of 111 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 17 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 28 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-02 09:52 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-11-01 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  3. 2026-11-01 10:58 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-31 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  5. 2026-10-31 12:03 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-30 13:08 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-29 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  8. 2026-10-29 14:11 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-28 15:16 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-27 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  11. 2026-10-26 17:25 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-25 17:37 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-25 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  14. 2026-10-24 18:49 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-23 19:53 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-22 20:50 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-22 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  18. 2026-10-21 21:53 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  20. 2026-10-20 22:16 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-19 23:19 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  23. 2026-10-18 22:43 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-18 07:54 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-17 23:45 UTCEG score recompute
Show 58 more
  1. 2026-10-17 00:47 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-16 00:47 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-15 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  4. 2026-10-14 19:27 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  6. 2026-10-13 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  7. 2026-10-12 16:53 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-11 21:47 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  10. 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  11. 2026-09-30 16:28 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  13. 2026-09-28 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  14. 2026-09-25 23:45 UTCOSV refresh
  15. 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  16. 2026-09-18 19:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  17. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  18. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEG score recompute▲ 0.10
  19. 2026-09-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 85% · 99th percentile
  20. 2026-09-05 15:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  21. 2026-09-04 13:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  22. 2026-09-03 19:29 UTCOSV refresh
  23. 2026-08-30 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  24. 2026-08-28 21:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  25. 2026-08-27 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  26. 2026-08-26 14:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  27. 2026-08-21 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  28. 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  29. 2026-08-17 09:06 UTCOSV refresh
  30. 2026-08-16 02:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  31. 2026-08-15 01:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  32. 2026-08-12 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  33. 2026-08-04 15:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  34. 2026-08-03 10:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  35. 2026-08-02 03:11 UTCOSV refresh
  36. 2026-08-02 02:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  37. 2026-07-30 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  38. 2026-07-30 01:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  39. 2026-07-28 15:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  40. 2026-07-25 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  41. 2026-07-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  42. 2026-07-23 02:25 UTCEG score recompute▲ 1.70
  43. 2026-07-22 23:12 UTCEG score recompute▼ 1.80
  44. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  45. 2026-07-21 15:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  46. 2026-07-20 17:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  47. 2026-07-19 02:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  48. 2026-07-15 16:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  49. 2026-07-15 10:49 UTCOSV refresh
  50. 2026-07-13 22:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  51. 2026-07-09 19:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  52. 2026-07-07 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  53. 2026-07-06 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  54. 2026-07-06 02:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  55. 2026-07-04 06:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  56. 2026-07-01 15:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile
  57. 2026-06-27 11:04 UTCOSV refresh
  58. 2026-06-27 03:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 82% · 99th percentile

Publicly available exploits

(2 references)

Public exploit code is referenced for this CVE (1 Exploit-DB entry, 1 GitHub PoC). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly.

  • GitHub PoCjakabakos/CVE-2023-39362-cacti-snmp-command-injection-poc
    Published Feb 28, 2024
    Open source ↗
  • Exploit-DBEDB-51740
    Published Oct 9, 2023

    Cacti 1.2.24 - Authenticated command injection when using SNMP options

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-39362?
CVE-2023-39362 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on September 5, 2023. Cacti is an open source operational monitoring and fault management framework. In Cacti 1.2.24, under certain conditions, an authenticated privileged user, can use a malicious string in the SNMP options of a Device, performing command injection and obtaining remote code execution on the underlying…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2023-39362 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2023-39362 was published on September 5, 2023. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 21, 2024; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2023-39362 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-39362 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. EchelonGraph's EG-KEV model places it in Tier 2 (Weaponized), which is not evidence of exploitation: CISA's SSVC data says a public PoC exists and its EPSS is 50% or more. EchelonGraph does not test whether exploit code works. FIRST EPSS estimates a 85% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-39362?
CVE-2023-39362 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.2 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + FIRST EPSS into a combined EG score of 9.0 (CRITICAL).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-39362?
A fix for CVE-2023-39362 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

Dependency Blast Radius

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