Extremely large RSA keys in certificate chains can cause a client/server to expend significant CPU time verifying signatures. With fix, the size of RSA keys transmitted during handshakes is restricted to <= 8192 bits. Based on a survey of publicly trusted RSA keys, there are currently only three certificates in circulation with keys larger than this, and all three appear to be test certificates that are not actively deployed. It is possible there are larger keys in use in private PKIs, but we target the web PKI, so causing breakage here in the interests of increasing the default safety of users of crypto/tls seems reasonable.
CVE-2023-29409
“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.
Score 5.3 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2023-08-02. NVD baseline CVSS 5.3; sources differ by 0.0.
Also known asEUVD-2023-32978 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-xc82-5m89-g4jv (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD
- Lower severity and no public exploit yet
A fix is available — apply it.
- CVSS v3
- 5.3
- EG Score
- 5.3MEDIUMmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 24EG Risk 24/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity53% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 5.3 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation1.6% × 40%FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.Automatability0% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines. - EPSS PROB
- 1.6%
- EPSS %ILE
- 75th
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (5.3): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 5.3 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 5.3 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
- EG Likelihood
- 1.6% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-25). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.
A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.
The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
August 2, 2023
Last Modified
November 21, 2024
References (6)
- security@golang · CVE Programhttps://go.dev/cl/515257Patch
- security@golang · CVE Programhttps://go.dev/issue/61460Issue Tracking · Patch · Vendor Advisory
- security@golang · CVE Programhttps://groups.google.com/g/golang-announce/c/X0b6CsSAaYI/m/Efv5DbZ9AwAJMailing List · Vendor Advisory
- security@golang · CVE Programhttps://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2023-1987Patch · Vendor Advisory
- security@golang · CVE Programhttps://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202311-09
- security@golang · CVE Programhttps://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230831-0010/
Vendor Advisories for CVE-2023-29409(20)
These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.
- CVE-2023-29409Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC)Medium
Large RSA keys can cause high CPU usage in crypto/tls
- RHSA-2024:2988Red Hat Product SecurityMedium
Red Hat Security Advisory: container-tools:rhel8 security update
- RHSA-2024:1383Red Hat Product SecurityHigh
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat OpenShift Data Foundation 4.15.0 security, enhancement, & bug fix update
- RHSA-2024:1027Red Hat Product SecurityMedium
Red Hat Security Advisory: Migration Toolkit for Applications security update
- RHSA-2024:0292Red Hat Product SecurityMedium
Red Hat Security Advisory: OpenShift Container Platform 4.14.10 security update
- RHSA-2024:0293Red Hat Product SecurityMedium
Red Hat Security Advisory: OpenShift Container Platform 4.14.10 packages and security update
- RHSA-2024:0121Red Hat Product SecurityMedium
Red Hat Security Advisory: container-tools:4.0 security update
- RHSA-2023:7762Red Hat Product SecurityMedium
Red Hat Security Advisory: skopeo security update
- +12 more
Patch Availability(30)
Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.
Affected Packages
(3 across 3 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| golang-1.15 | 1.15.15-1 ... 1.15.9-6 (10 versions) |
| — |
Debian:12(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| golang-1.19 | 1.19.10-1 ... 1.19.9-1 (12 versions) |
| — |
Go(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| stdlib | — |
| — |
Weakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Additional Vendor Advisories
(16)
Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.
- Red HatRHBA-2023:6109MODERATE2023-08-02
RHBA-2023:6109 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2023:5530MODERATE2023-08-02
RHSA-2023:5530 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2023:5541MODERATE2023-08-02
RHSA-2023:5541 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2023:5721MODERATE2023-08-02
RHSA-2023:5721 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2023:5738MODERATE2023-08-02
RHSA-2023:5738 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2023:5805MODERATE2023-08-02
RHSA-2023:5805 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2023:5935MODERATE2023-08-02
RHSA-2023:5935 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2023:5947MODERATE2023-08-02
RHSA-2023:5947 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2023:5964MODERATE2023-08-02
RHSA-2023:5964 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2023:5965MODERATE2023-08-02
RHSA-2023:5965 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2023:5969MODERATE2023-08-02
RHSA-2023:5969 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2023:5971MODERATE2023-08-02
RHSA-2023:5971 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2023:5974MODERATE2023-08-02
RHSA-2023:5974 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2023:5976MODERATE2023-08-02
RHSA-2023:5976 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2023:6031MODERATE2023-08-02
RHSA-2023:6031 — Moderate
- Red HatRHSA-2023:6115MODERATE2023-08-02
RHSA-2023:6115 — Moderate
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 6× in last 7d / 36× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
Showing the most recent 95 of 210 refreshes on record for this CVE.
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 5 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 115 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.
- 2026-10-31 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-30 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-29 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-28 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-27 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-26 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-25 17:44 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-25 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-24 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-24 14:52 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-24 14:52 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-24 14:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-xc82-5m89-g4jv · GitHub CVSS 5.3
- 2026-10-23 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-22 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-20 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-18 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-18 08:06 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-16 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-15 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-14 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-13 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-13 08:24 UTCOSV refresh
Show 70 moreShow fewer
- 2026-10-12 18:29 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-12 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-11 21:54 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-10 19:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-08 17:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-07 23:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-06 15:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 75th percentile
- 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-10-02 16:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-10-01 19:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-09-30 16:21 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-09-29 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-09-28 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-09-27 13:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-09-26 00:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-09-23 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-09-23 03:32 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-09-22 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-09-16 14:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-09-13 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-09-12 14:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-09-11 14:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-09-11 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-09-08 21:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-09-07 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 74th percentile
- 2026-09-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-09-05 15:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-09-04 13:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-09-04 05:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-09-03 21:59 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-09-02 14:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-09-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-30 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-30 01:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-28 21:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-27 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-26 14:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-25 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-24 14:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-23 00:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-21 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-20 22:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-18 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-17 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-17 11:16 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-08-16 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-16 02:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-15 01:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-13 21:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-12 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-11 13:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-09 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-08 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-07 16:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-06 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-05 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-04 15:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-04 10:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 73rd percentile
- 2026-08-03 10:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.6% · 72nd percentile
- 2026-08-02 05:58 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-08-02 02:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-08-01 04:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-07-30 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
- 2026-07-30 01:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.3% · 68th percentile
Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)
Same product
10 shownDebian:12:golang-1.19
Same vendor
10 shownredhat:RHBA-2023:6109 · redhat:RHSA-2023:5530 · redhat:RHBA-2023:6863
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2023-29409?
When was the CVE record for CVE-2023-29409 published?
Is CVE-2023-29409 actively exploited?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-29409?
How do I remediate CVE-2023-29409?
Dependency Blast Radius
See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2023-29409
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