CVE-2026-86169

HIGHPre-NVD 8.88.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 8.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2026-09-05. The CNA's CVSS baseline 8.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: the CNA's CVSS, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory
Trending — 3 sources updated this week

Also known asEUVD-2026-71971 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

8.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan mitigationThe upstream fix is not in a release yet: until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule, then apply it (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.9%CVSS: 8.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

An upstream fix is merged but not yet released — mitigate (WAF / firewall / segmentation) until the release ships, then apply it.

Axolotl before 0.19.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in the multipack patch path where trust_remote_code defaults to None instead of False, causing the security guard to be bypassed. Attackers can execute arbitrary Python code by crafting a malicious Hugging Face model repository selected as base_model, which is loaded with hardcoded trust_remote_code=True during AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained.

CVSS v3
8.8
EG Score
8.8HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
40
EG Risk 40/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity88% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 8.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.9% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: An upstream fix is merged but not yet in a tagged release. Until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule, then apply it.
EPSS PROB
0.9%
EPSS %ILE
60th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (8.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 8.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
8.8 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.9% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-27). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says. In the directive's words, “Fix on system upgrade” means that, “unless conditions change”, the vulnerability “should be remediated the next time the vulnerable asset receives a scheduled major upgrade or rebuild”: its timelines are “dynamic as facts change”, and a KEV listing shortens them.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

An upstream fix is merged but not yet in a tagged release. Until the release ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule, then apply it.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says. In the directive's words, “Fix on system upgrade” means that, “unless conditions change”, the vulnerability “should be remediated the next time the vulnerable asset receives a scheduled major upgrade or rebuild”: its timelines are “dynamic as facts change”, and a KEV listing shortens them.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

September 5, 2026

Last Modified

September 24, 2026

Advisory Details (6)

Auto-updated Sep 5, 2026
Upstream fix merged — awaiting tagged release. Sources: github_commit, github_pr.
Web page

Axolotl through 0.18.0 Remote Code Execution via Multipack Patching | Advisories | VulnCheck

https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/axolotl-through-0.18.0-remote-code-execution-via-multipack-patching
Web page

GitHub - axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl: Go ahead and axolotl questions · GitHub

https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl
Web page

axolotl/src/axolotl/monkeypatch/multipack.py at v0.18.0 · axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl · GitHub

https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/blob/v0.18.0/src/axolotl/monkeypatch/multipack.py#L86-L96
Web page

axolotl/src/axolotl/loaders/patch_manager.py at v0.18.0 · axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl · GitHub

https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/blob/v0.18.0/src/axolotl/loaders/patch_manager.py#L794-L806
GitHub commit

commit b62d60b101ee (axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl)

Fix landed in axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl commit b62d60b101ee — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/commit/b62d60b101eea7f32532ee3c0b17c2f2430a9262
GitHub pull request

fix: handle trust_remote_code when packing properly

Fix merged in axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl PR #3858 on 2026-07-24 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/axolotl-ai-cloud/axolotl/pull/3858

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-86169(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 9× in last 7d / 60× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 173 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 73 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-01 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  2. 2026-10-31 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  3. 2026-10-30 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  4. 2026-10-29 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  5. 2026-10-28 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  6. 2026-10-27 19:50 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-27 19:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  8. 2026-10-27 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  9. 2026-10-26 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  10. 2026-10-25 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  11. 2026-10-25 13:55 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  13. 2026-10-23 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  14. 2026-10-22 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  15. 2026-10-21 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  16. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  17. 2026-10-20 07:29 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-20 07:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  19. 2026-10-19 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  20. 2026-10-18 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  21. 2026-10-18 03:05 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-17 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  23. 2026-10-16 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  24. 2026-10-15 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
  25. 2026-10-14 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 60th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-13 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  2. 2026-10-13 05:22 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-13 05:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  4. 2026-10-12 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  5. 2026-10-12 14:51 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-11 19:17 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-11 16:34 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-11 13:51 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-11 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  10. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  11. 2026-10-10 11:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  12. 2026-10-09 23:01 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-09 23:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  14. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  15. 2026-10-09 01:02 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-09 01:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  17. 2026-10-08 17:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  18. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  19. 2026-10-07 22:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  20. 2026-10-07 05:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  21. 2026-10-06 16:56 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-06 16:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  23. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  24. 2026-10-06 04:51 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-06 04:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  26. 2026-10-05 17:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  27. 2026-10-05 16:38 UTCEG score recompute
  28. 2026-10-05 16:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  29. 2026-10-05 04:27 UTCEG score recompute
  30. 2026-10-05 04:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  31. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  32. 2026-10-04 16:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  33. 2026-10-04 04:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  34. 2026-10-03 16:09 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-10-03 16:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  36. 2026-10-03 04:04 UTCEG score recompute
  37. 2026-10-03 04:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  38. 2026-10-02 17:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  39. 2026-10-02 15:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  40. 2026-10-02 03:43 UTCEG score recompute
  41. 2026-10-02 03:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  42. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  43. 2026-10-01 15:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  44. 2026-10-01 03:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  45. 2026-09-30 15:23 UTCEG score recompute
  46. 2026-09-30 15:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  47. 2026-09-30 15:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  48. 2026-09-30 02:37 UTCEG score recompute
  49. 2026-09-30 02:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  50. 2026-09-29 04:24 UTCEG score recompute
  51. 2026-09-29 04:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  52. 2026-09-28 16:18 UTCEG score recompute
  53. 2026-09-28 16:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  54. 2026-09-28 13:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  55. 2026-09-28 04:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  56. 2026-09-27 16:07 UTCEG score recompute
  57. 2026-09-27 16:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  58. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  59. 2026-09-27 04:01 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-09-27 04:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  61. 2026-09-26 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  62. 2026-09-26 15:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  63. 2026-09-26 03:38 UTCEG score recompute
  64. 2026-09-26 03:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  65. 2026-09-25 15:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  66. 2026-09-25 03:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  67. 2026-09-24 14:55 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-09-24 14:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  69. 2026-09-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
  70. 2026-09-24 05:29 UTCEG score recompute
  71. 2026-09-24 05:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  72. 2026-09-23 17:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
  73. 2026-09-23 17:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  74. 2026-09-23 15:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-57g9-xg4g-rmpp · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  75. 2026-09-23 03:23 UTCEG score recompute

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-86169?
CVE-2026-86169 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on September 5, 2026. Axolotl before 0.19.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in the multipack patch path where trust_remote_code defaults to None instead of False, causing the security guard to be bypassed. Attackers can execute arbitrary Python code by crafting a malicious Hugging Face model repository…
When was CVE-2026-86169 made public?
CVE-2026-86169 was made public on July 24, 2026: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, VulnCheck, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on September 5, 2026. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of September 24, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-86169 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-86169 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.9% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (60th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-86169?
CVE-2026-86169 has a CVSS base score of 8.8 (the CNA's own assessment, by vulncheck; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-86169?
An upstream fix for CVE-2026-86169 has been merged but is not yet in a tagged release. Until it ships, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation, then update to the release that contains the fix. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-86169 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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