A malformed zone may contain an NS or DNAME node above its origin, which named treats as a zone cut. If an attacker inserts a malformed zone into a BIND authoritative server (e.g., via zone transfer), queries for names inside the configured zone then lose authoritative status and return an out-of-zone delegation. On a server that also provides recursion BIND can follow this locally sourced cut and cache attacker-supplied data, affecting names outside the configured zone. This situation persists as long as the malformed zone remains in the zone database.
This issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.11.0 through 9.18.50, 9.20.0 through 9.20.27, 9.21.0 through 9.21.25, 9.11.3-S1 through 9.18.50-S1, and 9.20.9-S1 through 9.20.27-S1.
CVE-2026-78301
“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.
Score 5.8 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2026-09-16. A secondary CVSS source baseline 5.8; sources differ by 0.0.
Also known asEUVD-2026-80767 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD
- Lower severity and no public exploit yet
A fix is available — apply it.
- CVSS v3
- 5.8
- EG Score
- 5.8MEDIUMmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 26EG Risk 26/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity58% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 5.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation0.2% × 40%FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.Automatability0% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines. - EPSS PROB
- 0.2%
- EPSS %ILE
- 10th
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (5.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 5.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 5.8 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
- EG Likelihood
- 0.2% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-26). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.
A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.
The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
September 16, 2026
Last Modified
October 26, 2026
Advisory Details (3)
Auto-updated Sep 16, 2026CVE-2026-78301: Out-of-zone database nodes can become authoritative zone cuts
https://kb.isc.org/docs/cve-2026-78301Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-78301(3)
These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.
- CVE-2026-78301Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC)Medium
Out-of-zone database nodes can become authoritative zone cuts
- RHSA-2026:68279Red Hat Product SecurityHigh
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs bug fix and enhancement update
- GHSA-wx7p-v693-68jhGitHub Security AdvisoriesMedium
A malformed zone may contain an NS or DNAME node above its origin, which `named` treats as a zone...
Patch Availability(2)
| Vendor / Ecosystem | Fix (by version range) / Patch | Released | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ubuntu | lwresd (1:9.10.3.dfsg.P4-8ubuntu1.19+esm11) @ xenial | 2026-10-16 | ubuntu |
| redhat | bind-main-9.20.29-0.1.hum1 | 2026-09-16 | redhat |
Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.
Affected Packages
(6 across 6 ecosystems)
Alpine:v3.22(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| bind | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.23(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| bind | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.24(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| bind | — |
| — |
Debian:12(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| bind9 | 1:9.18.12-1 ... 1:9.21.9-1 (99 versions) |
| — |
Debian:13(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| bind9 | 1:9.20.11-4 ... 1:9.20.27-2 (25 versions) |
| — |
Debian:14(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| bind9 | 1:9.20.11-4 ... 1:9.20.29-1~deb13u1 (26 versions) |
| — |
Weakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Additional Vendor Advisories
(1)
Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 10× in last 7d / 66× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
Showing the most recent 99 of 133 refreshes on record for this CVE.
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 1 repeat row among the latest 100 is merged into the row it repeats. The 34 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.
- 2026-11-02 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-11-01 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-31 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-30 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-29 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-28 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-27 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-26 23:27 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-26 23:27 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-26 23:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-10-26 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-25 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-25 14:00 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-23 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-21 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-19 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-18 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-18 03:11 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-16 18:20 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-16 18:20 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-16 18:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-10-16 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
Show 74 moreShow fewer
- 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-13 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 10th percentile
- 2026-10-12 15:36 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 21:46 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-11 21:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-10-11 19:22 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 16:38 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 13:57 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 9th percentile
- 2026-10-10 22:44 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-10 22:44 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-10 22:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 9th percentile
- 2026-10-09 22:13 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-09 22:13 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-09 22:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 9th percentile
- 2026-10-08 22:59 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-08 22:59 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-08 22:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-10-08 17:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 9th percentile
- 2026-10-07 23:57 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-07 23:57 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-07 23:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 9th percentile
- 2026-10-07 00:55 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-07 00:55 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-07 00:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 9th percentile
- 2026-10-06 01:35 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-06 01:35 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-06 01:35 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-06 01:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 9th percentile
- 2026-10-05 02:15 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-05 02:15 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-05 02:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
- 2026-10-04 03:05 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-04 03:05 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-04 03:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-10-03 14:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
- 2026-10-03 04:03 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-03 04:03 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-03 04:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-10-02 05:01 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-02 05:01 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-02 05:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
- 2026-10-01 05:56 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-01 05:56 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-01 05:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-09-30 06:55 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-30 06:55 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-09-30 06:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-09-29 15:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
- 2026-09-29 07:53 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-29 07:53 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-09-29 07:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-09-28 13:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
- 2026-09-28 08:51 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-28 08:51 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-09-28 08:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
- 2026-09-27 09:50 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-27 09:50 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-09-27 09:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-09-26 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
- 2026-09-26 10:48 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-26 10:48 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-09-26 10:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-wx7p-v693-68jh · GitHub CVSS 5.8
- 2026-09-26 00:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.2% · 11th percentile
- 2026-09-25 11:47 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-25 11:47 UTCVendor advisory
Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)
Same product
10 shownAlpine:v3.22:bind
- CVE-2021-25216NVD 8.1EG 9.8EPSS p100CRITICAL
- CVE-2023-50387NVD 7.5EG 9.0EPSS p100CRITICAL
- CVE-2020-8617NVD 7.5EG 9.0EPSS p100CRITICAL
- CVE-2023-50868NVD 7.5EG 8.7EPSS p99HIGH
- CVE-2020-8625NVD 8.1EG 8.7EPSS p99HIGH
- CVE-2026-13321EG 8.6HIGH
- CVE-2025-40780EG 8.6HIGH
- CVE-2025-40778EG 8.6HIGH
- CVE-2021-25220NVD 6.8EG 8.6HIGH
- CVE-2020-8616EG 8.6EPSS p96HIGH
Same vendor
10 shownredhat:RHSA-2026:68279
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2026-78301?
When was CVE-2026-78301 made public?
Is CVE-2026-78301 actively exploited?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-78301?
How do I remediate CVE-2026-78301?
Dependency Blast Radius
See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2026-78301
Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2026-78301?
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