JSONata is a JSON query and transformation language. Prior to 1.8.8 and 2.2.1, crafted JSONata expressions could chain several object-integrity weaknesses to execute arbitrary code. The chain could overwrite $clone to mutate objects through evaluateTransformExpression, expose and deconstruct JSONata functions or lambdas through $merge.*, replace proc.arguments.forEach used by applyProcedure, and forge internal lambda state. These primitives allowed an attacker to reach prototype getters, prototype and constructor access, and process.getBuiltinModule with child_process, executing code with the privileges of the host process. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.8 and 2.2.1.
CVE-2026-77415
“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.
This critical-severity CVE scores 9.3 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.9% (59th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.
Also known asEUVD-2026-64166 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-66mm-25pp-rfff (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD
- CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
A fix is available — apply it.
- CVSS v3
- 9.3
- EG Score
- 9.3CRITICALmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 73EG Risk 73/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity93% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.3 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation40% × 40%EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.Automatability100% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high. - EPSS PROB
- 0.9%
- EPSS %ILE
- 59th
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (9.3): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.3 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 9.3 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.a secondary CVSS source · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
- EG Likelihood
- 0.9% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.
The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
August 21, 2026
Last Modified
October 12, 2026
Advisory Details (10)
Auto-updated Oct 3, 20262.2.1 Maintenance Release
Patch available: jsonata-js/jsonata v2.2.1
https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/releases/tag/v2.2.11.8.8 Security Release
Patch available: jsonata-js/jsonata v1.8.8
https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/releases/tag/v1.8.8Prevent object contructor setting internal flags
Patch available: jsonata-js/jsonata v2.2.1 (PR #802 merged 2026-05-19)
https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/802Wildcards should not unwrap function objects
Patch available: jsonata-js/jsonata v2.2.1 (PR #800 merged 2026-05-19)
https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/800Prevent object prototype pollution
Patch available: jsonata-js/jsonata v2.2.1 (PR #799 merged 2026-05-19)
https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/799commit f174348c7fa3 (jsonata-js/jsonata)
Patch available: jsonata-js/jsonata v2.2.1 (contains commit f174348c7fa3)
https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/f174348c7fa30f271b63ddedf0767e814004bc4dcommit f09df8416eab (jsonata-js/jsonata)
Patch available: jsonata-js/jsonata v1.8.8 (contains commit f09df8416eab)
https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/f09df8416eab8ff44926fc6527c80fb8701de159commit 59e25144fc3b (jsonata-js/jsonata)
Patch available: jsonata-js/jsonata v2.2.1 (contains commit 59e25144fc3b)
https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/59e25144fc3b7125f6befd71b8a6e14e1fa610d2commit 4b217d514376 (jsonata-js/jsonata)
Patch available: jsonata-js/jsonata v1.8.8 (contains commit 4b217d514376)
https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/4b217d514376e30cba278941298d7ba97c4a6c6ecommit 47c0e5854220 (jsonata-js/jsonata)
Patch available: jsonata-js/jsonata v2.2.1 (contains commit 47c0e5854220)
https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/47c0e58542202c705726663166dbee5fcae47d06Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-77415(2)
These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.
Patch Availability(3)
| Vendor / Ecosystem | Fix (by version range) / Patch | Released | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| redhat | rhdh/red-hat-developer-hub-backstage-plugin-orchestrator-form-widgets:1791250794 | 2026-10-06 | redhat |
| npm | jsonata @ 2.2.1 (fixes >= 2.0.0, < 2.2.1) | — | ghsa |
| npm | jsonata @ 1.8.8 (fixes < 1.8.8) | — | ghsa |
Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.
Affected Packages
(1 across 1 ecosystem)
npm(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| jsonata | — |
| — |
Weakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 23× in last 7d / 93× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
Showing the most recent 100 of 175 refreshes on record for this CVE.
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 75 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.
- 2026-11-01 18:58 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-11-01 18:58 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-11-01 18:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-66mm-25pp-rfff · GitHub severity CRITICAL
- 2026-11-01 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
- 2026-11-01 07:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-66mm-25pp-rfff · GitHub severity CRITICAL
- 2026-10-31 20:39 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-31 20:39 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-31 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
- 2026-10-30 22:19 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-30 22:19 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-30 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
- 2026-10-29 23:56 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-29 23:56 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-29 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
- 2026-10-29 01:36 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-29 01:36 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-28 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
- 2026-10-28 03:15 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-28 03:15 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-27 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
- 2026-10-27 04:45 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-27 04:45 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-26 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
- 2026-10-26 02:01 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-26 02:01 UTCVendor advisory
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- 2026-10-25 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
- 2026-10-25 14:01 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-25 03:41 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-25 03:41 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
- 2026-10-24 05:22 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-24 05:22 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-23 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
- 2026-10-23 07:02 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-23 07:02 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-22 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 59th percentile
- 2026-10-22 08:37 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-22 08:37 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-21 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-21 10:17 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-21 10:17 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-20 11:57 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-19 19:20 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-19 19:20 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-19 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-18 21:00 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-18 21:00 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-18 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-18 03:12 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 22:40 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 22:40 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-17 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-17 00:18 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 00:18 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-16 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-15 23:45 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-15 23:45 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-14 15:24 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-14 15:24 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-13 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-13 14:49 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-13 14:49 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-12 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-12 16:28 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-12 15:37 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-12 05:30 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-11 19:23 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 16:39 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 13:58 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-09 05:39 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-09 05:39 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-08 17:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-08 08:33 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-08 04:50 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-08 04:50 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-07 08:54 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-07 05:11 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-07 01:14 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-06 16:49 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-06 03:03 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-05 01:31 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-03 16:40 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-03 14:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 58th percentile
- 2026-10-02 18:32 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-01 21:24 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
- 2026-09-30 20:25 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-29 15:37 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-29 15:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.9% · 57th percentile
- 2026-09-28 21:35 UTCEG score recompute
Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)
Same product
5 shownnpm:jsonata
Same vendor
10 shownredhat:RHSA-2026:76788
Same CWE
10 shownCWE-94
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2026-77415?
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-77415 published?
Is CVE-2026-77415 actively exploited?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-77415?
How do I remediate CVE-2026-77415?
Dependency Blast Radius
See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2026-77415
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