c3p0 is a JDBC Connection pooling library. In versions prior to 0.14.0, c3p0 in combination with other libraries, can compose to a "sink" for deserialization gadgets. The JDBC spec's DataSource.getConnection() and ConnectionPoolDataSource.getPooledConnection() match the getXXX() form, so JavaBean libraries treat them as "properties" assumed safe while they actually call into JDBC drivers. Attackers can thus craft malicious DataSource objects whose property lookups invoke vulnerable drivers, then smuggle them in serialized form to where an application deserializes and auto-resolves bean properties — triggering the attack. This requires a susceptible DataSource/ConnectionPoolDataSource and JDBC driver on the CLASSPATH, plus a carrier that auto-looks-up JavaBean properties on = deserialization, most commonly a collection paired with an Apache commons-beanutils Comparator that sorts by bean properties. c3p0 supplied that susceptible DataSource/ConnectionPoolDataSource, which was an essential component of the trigger. This issue has been fixed in version 0.14.0.
CVE-2026-55223
“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.
This medium-severity CVE scores 6.3 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.5% (41st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.
Also known asEUVD-2026-40847 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-w6w4-rjh9-9r58 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD
- Lower severity and no public exploit yet
A fix is available — apply it.
- CVSS v3
- 6.3
- EG Score
- 6.3MEDIUMmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 44EG Risk 44/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity63% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 6.3 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation0.5% × 40%FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.Automatability100% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high. - EPSS PROB
- 0.5%
- EPSS %ILE
- 41st
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (6.3): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 6.3 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 6.3 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.a secondary CVSS source · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
- EG Likelihood
- 0.5% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-31). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.
The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
June 30, 2026
Last Modified
October 25, 2026
Advisory Details (2)
Auto-updated Jul 1, 2026c3p0 prior to 0.14.0 can, in combination with other libraries, compose to a "sink" for deserialization gadgets · Advisory · swaldman/c3p0 · GitHub
https://github.com/swaldman/c3p0/security/advisories/GHSA-w6w4-rjh9-9r58commit 7b022c4b6694 (swaldman/c3p0)
Fix landed in swaldman/c3p0 commit 7b022c4b6694 — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/swaldman/c3p0/commit/7b022c4b6694dabc6204254dc917af9c38f2cb27Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-55223(3)
These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.
- RHSA-2026:83612Red Hat Product SecurityHigh
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat build of Debezium 3.6.3 release
- RHSA-2026:54622Red Hat Product SecurityHigh
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Build of Apache Camel 4.18.3 for Spring Boot release.
- GHSA-w6w4-rjh9-9r58GitHub Security AdvisoriesMedium
c3p0 can, in combination with other libraries, compose to a "sink" for deserialization gadgets
Patch Availability(3)
| Vendor / Ecosystem | Fix (by version range) / Patch | Released | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ubuntu | libc3p0-java-doc (0.9.1.2-11ubuntu0.1~esm1) @ resolute | 2026-10-29 | ubuntu |
| redhat | c3p0 | 2026-10-15 | redhat |
| maven | com.mchange:c3p0 @ 0.14.0 (fixes < 0.14.0) | — | ghsa |
Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.
Affected Packages
(5 across 5 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| c3p0 | 0.9.1.2-10, 0.9.1.2-10.1, 0.9.1.2-10.1~deb12u1, 0.9.1.2-11 |
| — |
Debian:12(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| c3p0 | 0.9.1.2-10, 0.9.1.2-10.1, 0.9.1.2-10.1~deb12u1, 0.9.1.2-11 |
| — |
Debian:13(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| c3p0 | 0.9.1.2-10.1, 0.9.1.2-11 |
| — |
Debian:14(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| c3p0 | 0.9.1.2-10.1, 0.9.1.2-11 |
| — |
Maven(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| com.mchange:c3p0 | 0.10.0 ... 0.9.5.5 (42 versions) |
| — |
Weakness Classification(2)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Additional Vendor Advisories
(1)
Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 45× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
Showing the most recent 100 of 193 refreshes on record for this CVE.
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 93 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.
- 2026-11-02 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
- 2026-11-01 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
- 2026-11-01 07:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w6w4-rjh9-9r58 · GitHub severity MODERATE
- 2026-11-01 07:44 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-31 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
- 2026-10-30 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
- 2026-10-29 16:34 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-29 16:34 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-29 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
- 2026-10-28 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
- 2026-10-27 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
- 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
- 2026-10-25 17:37 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-25 17:37 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-25 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 41st percentile
- 2026-10-25 14:19 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
- 2026-10-23 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
- 2026-10-22 21:16 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-22 21:16 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-22 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
- 2026-10-21 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
- 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
- 2026-10-19 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
- 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
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- 2026-10-18 03:30 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
- 2026-10-16 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 40th percentile
- 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-10-13 16:54 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-10-12 15:55 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 19:39 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 16:54 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 14:17 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-10-03 14:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-10-02 17:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-09-29 15:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-09-28 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
- 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
- 2026-09-26 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
- 2026-09-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 38th percentile
- 2026-09-23 17:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
- 2026-09-23 07:05 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-23 07:05 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-09-20 20:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
- 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
- 2026-09-18 06:40 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-18 06:40 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-09-17 19:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
- 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-09-15 03:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-09-13 14:21 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-13 14:21 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-09-12 14:54 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-12 14:54 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-09-10 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-09-08 22:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-09-06 05:05 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-06 05:05 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-09-04 05:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-09-02 14:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-09-01 13:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-09-01 04:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-08-30 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-08-30 17:15 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-30 17:15 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-08-30 01:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-08-28 21:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-08-27 22:32 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-27 22:32 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-08-27 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 20th percentile
- 2026-08-26 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-08-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.5% · 39th percentile
- 2026-08-25 06:02 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-25 06:02 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-08-24 06:37 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-08-23 07:06 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-23 07:06 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-08-23 00:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
- 2026-08-22 07:42 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-22 07:42 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-08-21 23:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 21st percentile
Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)
Same product
3 shownDebian:11:c3p0
Same vendor
10 shownredhat:RHSA-2026:54622 · ubuntu:USN-8642-1 · redhat:RHSA-2026:83612
Same CWE
10 shownCWE-502 · CWE-915
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2026-55223?
When was the CVE record for CVE-2026-55223 published?
Is CVE-2026-55223 actively exploited?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-55223?
How do I remediate CVE-2026-55223?
Dependency Blast Radius
See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2026-55223
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