ArcadeDB: Read-only users can mutate database schema (incomplete fix of CVE-2026-44221)
Impact
The fix for CVE-2026-44221 (GHSA-fxc7-fm93-6q77) added an UPDATE_SCHEMA authorization check to a single schema-mutating method (LocalDocumentType.createProperty). The remaining public schema mutators were left unchecked, so an authenticated identity (including a read-only API token) that lacks the UPDATE_SCHEMA permission could still mutate the database schema on its own database:
DROP PROPERTY .ALTER TYPE SUPERTYPE +/-(change the inheritance hierarchy)ALTER TYPE NAME(rename a type)- type alias and bucket changes
ALTER PROPERTY . ...(MANDATORY, READONLY, NOTNULL, MIN, MAX, REGEXP, DEFAULT, OF, CUSTOM) — theLocalPropertysetters had no check at all
This does not directly disclose or write record data, but it corrupts the meaning of every stored record and breaches the documented permission model, which advertises UPDATE_SCHEMA as the gating right for schema mutation.
Affected component
Engine schema layer: engine/src/main/java/com/arcadedb/schema/LocalDocumentType.java and engine/src/main/java/com/arcadedb/schema/LocalProperty.java, reachable via the SQL DROP PROPERTY, ALTER TYPE, and ALTER PROPERTY statements over the database command/query HTTP endpoints.
Patches
Every public schema-mutating method on LocalDocumentType and LocalProperty now enforces checkPermissionsOnDatabase(UPDATE_SCHEMA) via a shared helper. The check is a no-op in embedded mode and in system contexts with no bound user (schema load at startup, HA replication apply), so internal paths and administrators are unaffected.
Workarounds
Grant write access only to trusted users and API tokens; treat all schema DDL as administrator-only at the application layer until upgraded.
Resources
Incomplete-fix sibling of CVE-2026-44221 / GHSA-fxc7-fm93-6q77.
Credit
Reported by Kai Aizen (SnailSploit).