CVE-2026-49952

CRITICALPre-NVD 9.19.1
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 9.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2026-06-15. A secondary CVSS source baseline 9.1; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source
Trending — 3 sources updated this weekElevated

Also known asEUVD-2026-36792 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan mitigationNo release containing the referenced fix is confirmed: check the referenced fix and the vendor's advisory for a release that contains it; until one is applied, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Public exploit or proof-of-concept code is available
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 4.7%CVSS: 9.1Exploit: Public PoCExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is referenced (a reference tagged "Patch", often a source commit), but no release containing it is confirmed — find the release that contains it; until it is applied, mitigate (WAF / firewall / segmentation).

Discuz! X5.0 releases 20260320 through 20260501 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to gain unauthorized access to database backup and restore functionality by exploiting a shared cryptographic key between UCenter integration and the database backup API exposed by dbbak.php. Attackers can inject a crafted payload through the username parameter during login to abuse the encryption oracle in logging_ctl::logging_more(), obtain a legitimately signed token, and use it to bypass authorization for database export and import operations, with the additional ability to trigger a race condition to impersonate arbitrary users.

CVSS v3
9.1
EG Score
9.1CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
72
EG Risk 72/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity91% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation40% × 40%
EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is referenced, but no release containing it is confirmed. Check the referenced fix and the vendor's advisory for a release that contains it; until one is applied, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
4.7%
EPSS %ILE
91st
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.1 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
4.7% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

A fix is referenced, but no release containing it is confirmed. Check the referenced fix and the vendor's advisory for a release that contains it; until one is applied, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: it starts when an agency identifies the flaw on an asset and updates the CDM Agency and Federal Dashboard, and the directive counts patching, decommissioning the system or another action as remediation. Until a fixed release is applied, mitigate as this page's verdict says.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

June 15, 2026

Last Modified

October 25, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Sep 16, 2026
Fix referenced — no release confirmed yet.
Web page

Discuz! X5.0 Authentication Bypass via dbbak.php Encryption Oracle | Advisories | VulnCheck

https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/discuz-x5-0-authentication-bypass-via-dbbak-php-encryption-oracle
Web page

Chaining Security Bugs in Discuz! X5.0: from Race Condition to Pre-Auth RCE | Karma(In)Security

https://karmainsecurity.com/chaining-bugs-in-discuz-from-race-condition-to-rce
Web page

Discuz! X5.0 (UC_KEY) Cross-Context Token Reuse Vulnerability | Karma(In)Security

https://karmainsecurity.com/KIS-2026-09

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-49952(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 21× in last 7d / 80× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 528 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 428 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-02 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  2. 2026-11-02 01:17 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-11-02 01:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  4. 2026-11-01 03:18 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-11-01 03:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  6. 2026-10-31 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  7. 2026-10-31 05:19 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-31 05:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  9. 2026-10-30 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  10. 2026-10-30 07:20 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-30 07:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  12. 2026-10-29 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  13. 2026-10-29 09:21 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-29 09:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  15. 2026-10-28 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  16. 2026-10-28 11:23 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-28 11:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  18. 2026-10-27 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  19. 2026-10-27 12:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  20. 2026-10-27 01:19 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-27 01:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  22. 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  23. 2026-10-25 23:28 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-25 23:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  25. 2026-10-25 19:16 UTCEG score recompute
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-25 19:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  2. 2026-10-25 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  3. 2026-10-25 14:22 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-24 21:09 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-24 21:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  6. 2026-10-24 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  7. 2026-10-23 23:10 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-23 23:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  9. 2026-10-23 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  10. 2026-10-23 00:30 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-23 00:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  12. 2026-10-22 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  13. 2026-10-22 01:49 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-22 01:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  15. 2026-10-21 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  16. 2026-10-21 03:49 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-21 03:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  18. 2026-10-20 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  19. 2026-10-20 05:35 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-20 05:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  21. 2026-10-19 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  22. 2026-10-19 07:07 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-19 07:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  24. 2026-10-18 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  25. 2026-10-18 09:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  26. 2026-10-18 03:33 UTCEG score recompute
  27. 2026-10-17 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  28. 2026-10-17 10:49 UTCEG score recompute
  29. 2026-10-17 10:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  30. 2026-10-16 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  31. 2026-10-16 12:25 UTCEG score recompute
  32. 2026-10-16 12:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  33. 2026-10-15 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  34. 2026-10-15 14:11 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-10-15 14:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  36. 2026-10-14 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  37. 2026-10-14 08:55 UTCEG score recompute
  38. 2026-10-14 08:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  39. 2026-10-13 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  40. 2026-10-13 05:19 UTCEG score recompute
  41. 2026-10-13 05:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  42. 2026-10-12 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  43. 2026-10-12 15:59 UTCEG score recompute
  44. 2026-10-12 07:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  45. 2026-10-11 19:42 UTCEG score recompute
  46. 2026-10-11 16:57 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-10-11 14:21 UTCEG score recompute
  48. 2026-10-11 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  49. 2026-10-10 20:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  50. 2026-10-09 20:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  51. 2026-10-08 17:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  52. 2026-10-07 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  53. 2026-10-06 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  54. 2026-10-05 17:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  55. 2026-10-04 23:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  56. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  57. 2026-10-01 19:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  58. 2026-09-30 15:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  59. 2026-09-28 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  60. 2026-09-27 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  61. 2026-09-26 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  62. 2026-09-26 00:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.7% · 89th percentile
  63. 2026-09-23 17:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  64. 2026-09-20 20:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  65. 2026-09-18 19:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  66. 2026-09-16 14:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  67. 2026-09-16 05:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  68. 2026-09-14 07:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  69. 2026-09-14 03:42 UTCEG score recompute
  70. 2026-09-14 03:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mx47-h32c-x878 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
  71. 2026-09-13 16:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  72. 2026-09-11 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  73. 2026-09-10 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  74. 2026-09-08 22:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile
  75. 2026-09-07 16:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 4.7% · 91st percentile

Publicly available exploits

(3 references)

Public exploit code is referenced for this CVE (1 Exploit-DB entry, 1 GitHub PoC), as is 1 Nuclei detection template. A detection template checks whether a system is affected; it is not necessarily exploit code. No release with the fix is confirmed, so defenders should restrict or isolate affected systems accordingly until one is applied.

  • Nucleihttp/cves/2026/CVE-2026-49952.yaml
    Published Jul 29, 2026

    Discuz! X5.0 - Authentication Bypass

    Open source ↗
  • Exploit-DBEDB-52621
    Published Jul 7, 2026

    Discuz! X5.0 - Authentication Bypass

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCpasswa11/CVE-2026-49952
    Published Jun 17, 2026

    Chaining Security Bugs in Discuz! X5.0: from Race Condition to Pre-Auth RCE

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-49952?
CVE-2026-49952 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on June 15, 2026. Discuz! X5.0 releases 20260320 through 20260501 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to gain unauthorized access to database backup and restore functionality by exploiting a shared cryptographic key between UCenter integration and the database…
When was CVE-2026-49952 made public?
CVE-2026-49952 was made public on May 9, 2026: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, VulnCheck, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on June 15, 2026. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 25, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-49952 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-49952 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 4.7% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (91st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-49952?
CVE-2026-49952 has a CVSS base score of 9.1 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-49952?
A fix for CVE-2026-49952 is referenced (a reference tagged "Patch", often a source commit), but EchelonGraph has no release containing it on record. Check that reference and the vendor's advisory for a release that contains the fix and update to it; until then, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-49952 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2026-49952

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Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2026-49952?

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