CVE-2026-40520

HIGHNVD 8.88.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This high-severity CVE scores 8.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 1.4%, top 31% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory enrichment pending alignment with NVD CVSS.

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, ghsa, nvd
8.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1%CVSS: 8.8Exploit: None knownExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

FreePBX api module version 17.0.8 and prior contain a command injection vulnerability in the initiateGqlAPIProcess() function where GraphQL mutation input fields are passed directly to shell_exec() without sanitization or escaping. An authenticated user with a valid bearer token can send a GraphQL moduleOperations mutation with backtick-wrapped commands in the module field to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying host as the web server user.

CVSS v3
8.8
EG Score
8.8(medium)
EG Risk
40(Track)
EG Risk 40/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity88% × 45%
Exploitation1% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
1%
EPSS %ILE
69%
KEV
Not listed

Published

April 21, 2026

Last Modified

July 14, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Jun 11, 2026
Upstream fix merged — awaiting tagged release. Sources: github_commit.
generic

FreePBX api module Command Injection via GraphQL | Advisories | VulnCheck

https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/freepbx-api-module-command-injection-via-graphql
github_commit

commit 5f194e39a47e (FreePBX/api)

Fix landed in FreePBX/api commit 5f194e39a47e — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/FreePBX/api/commit/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6
generic

api/ApiGqlHelper.class.php at 5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6 · FreePBX/api · GitHub

https://github.com/FreePBX/api/blob/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6/ApiGqlHelper.class.php#L34C1-L36C136
generic

api/Api.class.php at 5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6 · FreePBX/api · GitHub

https://github.com/FreePBX/api/blob/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6/Api.class.php#L546C1-L554C3

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 39× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 120 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-28 15:36 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-27 14:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-25 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-25 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-23 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-23 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-23 03:11 UTCEG score recompute▲ 1.60
  12. 2026-07-22 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-20 17:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-20 07:02 UTCOSV refresh
  16. 2026-07-19 14:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-07-19 02:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-16 17:03 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-15 02:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-14 21:22 UTCNVD updateCVSS v3 → 8.8
  24. 2026-07-13 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-07-13 06:13 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-07-13 06:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-09 19:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-08 15:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-07 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-06 02:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-06 02:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-04 06:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-06-28 04:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-06-24 14:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-06-23 21:33 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-06-17 17:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-06-15 17:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-06-14 18:43 UTCGHSA enrichment
  35. 2026-06-13 23:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-06-12 23:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-06-12 23:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-06-12 06:56 UTCGHSA enrichment
  39. 2026-06-11 17:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  40. 2026-06-11 14:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-06-10 22:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-06-10 19:42 UTCGHSA enrichment
  43. 2026-06-10 13:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-06-10 13:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-06-10 06:40 UTCGHSA enrichment
  46. 2026-06-09 17:35 UTCGHSA enrichment
  47. 2026-06-09 04:34 UTCGHSA enrichment
  48. 2026-06-08 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-06-08 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-06-08 06:45 UTCGHSA enrichment
  51. 2026-06-07 17:42 UTCGHSA enrichment
  52. 2026-06-07 15:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-06-07 15:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-06-07 04:40 UTCGHSA enrichment
  55. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-06-06 13:13 UTCGHSA enrichment
  58. 2026-06-05 22:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-06-05 21:18 UTCGHSA enrichment
  60. 2026-06-05 07:01 UTCGHSA enrichment
  61. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-06-04 17:46 UTCGHSA enrichment
  64. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-06-03 16:12 UTCGHSA enrichment
  67. 2026-06-03 03:10 UTCGHSA enrichment
  68. 2026-06-02 20:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-06-02 12:54 UTCGHSA enrichment
  70. 2026-06-01 16:14 UTCGHSA enrichment
  71. 2026-06-01 13:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-06-01 13:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-40520?
CVE-2026-40520 is a high vulnerability published on April 21, 2026. FreePBX api module version 17.0.8 and prior contain a command injection vulnerability in the initiateGqlAPIProcess() function where GraphQL mutation input fields are passed directly to shell_exec() without sanitization or escaping. An authenticated user with a valid bearer token can send a GraphQL…
When was CVE-2026-40520 disclosed?
CVE-2026-40520 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on April 21, 2026, with the most recent update on July 14, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2026-40520 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-40520 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 30.7% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-40520?
CVE-2026-40520 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-40520?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2026-40520, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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