CVE-2026-16445

HIGHPre-NVD 7.57.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 7.5 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2026-07-21. The CNA's CVSS baseline 7.5; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: the CNA's CVSS, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory
Trending — 4 sources updated this week

Also known asEUVD-2026-46253 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-4672-282m-8fgr (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

7.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 3.2%CVSS: 7.5Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

A flaw was found in dracut. A remote attacker on the adjacent network can exploit this vulnerability by providing specially crafted DHCP options, such as a malicious root-path, next-server, or bootfile name, to a system using dracut's NetworkManager-based initrd network module. These options are improperly handled and written into a temporary shell script without proper escaping, leading to command injection. This allows the attacker to achieve root code execution within the initramfs during system boot.

CVSS v3
7.5
EG Score
7.5HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
35
EG Risk 35/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity75% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation3.2% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
3.2%
EPSS %ILE
88th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (7.5): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.5 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
7.5 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
3.2% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-02). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

July 21, 2026

Last Modified

November 2, 2026

Advisory Details (5)

Auto-updated Jul 21, 2026
Patch available. Sources: redhat, github_commit.
GitHub commit Patch Available

commit e509c638e6 (dracutdevs/dracut)

Patch available: dracutdevs/dracut 056 (contains commit e509c638e6)

https://github.com/dracutdevs/dracut/commit/e509c638e6
Red Hat

2503147 – (CVE-2026-16445) CVE-2026-16445 dracut: dracut: Root code execution via DHCP options command injection in NetworkManager initrd module

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2503147
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

2459963 – (CVE-2026-6893) CVE-2026-6893 dracut: dracut: Root code execution via DHCP options command injection

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2459963
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

cve-details

https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-16445
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26534

Patch Availability(7)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntudracut-squash (051-1ubuntu0.1~esm1) @ jammy2026-11-02ubuntu
redhatrhcos-412.86.202610250235-02026-10-27redhat
redhatdracut-0:049-138.git20220131.el8_4.12026-09-21redhat
redhatdracut-0:049-203.git20220511.el8_6.12026-09-21redhat
redhatdracut-0:049-223.git20230119.el8_8.12026-08-31redhat
redhatdracut-main-109-7.hum12026-07-16redhat
redhatdracut-0:049-244.git20260529.el8_102026-06-17redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(4 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
dracut051-1 ... 112-1 (97 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
dracut059+212-1 ... 112-6 (82 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
dracut106-6 ... 112-6 (50 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
dracut106-6 ... 111-6 (44 versions)
  • every version up to 112-1: fixed in 112-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(1)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 21× in last 7d / 59× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 384 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 284 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-02 18:28 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-11-02 18:28 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-11-02 18:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  4. 2026-11-02 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 88th percentile
  5. 2026-10-31 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 88th percentile
  6. 2026-10-30 18:27 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-30 18:27 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-10-30 18:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  9. 2026-10-30 17:31 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-30 17:31 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-10-30 17:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  12. 2026-10-30 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 88th percentile
  13. 2026-10-29 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 88th percentile
  14. 2026-10-28 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.2% · 88th percentile
  15. 2026-10-27 22:28 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-27 22:28 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-10-27 22:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  18. 2026-10-27 21:59 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-27 21:59 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-10-27 21:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  21. 2026-10-27 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  22. 2026-10-26 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  23. 2026-10-25 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.1% · 87th percentile
  24. 2026-10-25 14:46 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-24 21:22 UTCEG score recompute
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-24 21:22 UTCVendor advisory
  2. 2026-10-24 21:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  3. 2026-10-24 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  4. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  5. 2026-10-22 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  6. 2026-10-21 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  7. 2026-10-20 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  8. 2026-10-19 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  9. 2026-10-18 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  10. 2026-10-18 04:00 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-17 18:04 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-17 18:04 UTCVendor advisory
  13. 2026-10-17 18:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  14. 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  15. 2026-10-16 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  16. 2026-10-15 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  17. 2026-10-14 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  18. 2026-10-13 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  19. 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  20. 2026-10-12 16:30 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-11 20:09 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-11 17:21 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-11 14:54 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-11 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  25. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  26. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  27. 2026-10-08 17:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  28. 2026-10-07 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 65th percentile
  29. 2026-10-06 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  30. 2026-10-05 17:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  31. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  32. 2026-10-04 14:50 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-10-04 14:50 UTCVendor advisory
  34. 2026-10-04 14:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  35. 2026-10-03 14:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  36. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  37. 2026-10-01 07:31 UTCEG score recompute
  38. 2026-10-01 07:31 UTCVendor advisory
  39. 2026-10-01 07:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  40. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  41. 2026-09-29 15:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  42. 2026-09-28 13:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  43. 2026-09-28 06:11 UTCEG score recompute
  44. 2026-09-28 06:11 UTCVendor advisory
  45. 2026-09-28 06:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  46. 2026-09-27 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  47. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.1% · 64th percentile
  48. 2026-09-24 03:24 UTCEG score recompute
  49. 2026-09-24 03:24 UTCVendor advisory
  50. 2026-09-24 03:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  51. 2026-09-23 01:27 UTCEG score recompute
  52. 2026-09-23 01:27 UTCVendor advisory
  53. 2026-09-23 01:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  54. 2026-09-21 04:22 UTCEG score recompute
  55. 2026-09-21 04:22 UTCVendor advisory
  56. 2026-09-21 04:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  57. 2026-09-21 03:20 UTCEG score recompute
  58. 2026-09-21 03:20 UTCVendor advisory
  59. 2026-09-21 03:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  60. 2026-09-20 05:59 UTCEG score recompute
  61. 2026-09-20 05:59 UTCVendor advisory
  62. 2026-09-20 05:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  63. 2026-09-19 00:23 UTCEG score recompute
  64. 2026-09-19 00:23 UTCVendor advisory
  65. 2026-09-19 00:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  66. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 62nd percentile
  67. 2026-09-18 03:51 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-09-18 03:51 UTCVendor advisory
  69. 2026-09-18 03:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  70. 2026-09-17 05:07 UTCEG score recompute
  71. 2026-09-17 05:07 UTCVendor advisory
  72. 2026-09-17 05:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-4672-282m-8fgr · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.5
  73. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.0% · 62nd percentile
  74. 2026-09-16 12:40 UTCEG score recompute
  75. 2026-09-16 12:40 UTCVendor advisory

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2026-16445?
CVE-2026-16445 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on July 21, 2026. A flaw was found in dracut. A remote attacker on the adjacent network can exploit this vulnerability by providing specially crafted DHCP options, such as a malicious root-path, next-server, or bootfile name, to a system using dracut's NetworkManager-based initrd network module. These options are…
When was CVE-2026-16445 made public?
CVE-2026-16445 was made public on July 21, 2026: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, Red Hat, Inc., gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on July 21, 2026. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 2, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2026-16445 actively exploited?
CVE-2026-16445 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 3.2% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (88th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-16445?
CVE-2026-16445 has a CVSS base score of 7.5 (the CNA's own assessment, by redhat; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2026-16445?
A fix for CVE-2026-16445 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2026-16445 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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