CVE-2025-9491

HIGHNVD 7.87.0▼
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 7.0 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2025-08-26. NVD baseline CVSS 7.8; sources differ by 0.8.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, nvd
Weaponized
7.8
EchelonGraph verdictPatch this weekExploitation is likely or a public exploit exists.
  • High exploitation likelihood — EPSS 63%
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 63%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

Microsoft Windows LNK File UI Misrepresentation Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Microsoft Windows. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.

The specific flaw exists within the handling of .LNK files. Crafted data in an .LNK file can cause hazardous content in the file to be invisible to a user who inspects the file via the Windows-provided user interface. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current user. Was ZDI-CAN-25373.

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
7.0(medium)
EG Risk
—
EPSS
99.1%
KEV
Not listed

Published

August 26, 2025

Last Modified

June 17, 2026

References (3)

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 4× in last 7d / 20× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

  1. 2026-07-22 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-20 17:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-13 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-09 19:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-06-28 04:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-06-28 04:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-06-24 14:05 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 34 more
  1. 2026-06-17 17:53 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-06-15 17:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-06-14 23:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-06-13 23:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-06-13 23:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-06-12 23:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-06-12 23:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-06-11 14:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-06-10 22:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-06-10 13:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-06-08 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-06-08 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-06-05 22:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-02 20:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-05-31 00:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-05-31 00:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-05-29 23:51 UTCEG score recompute
  32. 2026-05-29 23:51 UTCGHSA enrichment
  33. 2026-05-29 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-05-29 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore

Publicly available exploits

(1 reference)

Working exploit code is in the public domain (1 GitHub PoC). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly — public PoCs typically lead to mass-exploitation within 24-72 hours.

  • GitHub PoCAmperclock/CVE-2025-9491_POC
    First seen Nov 7, 2025

    Proof-of-Concept of the CVE-2025-9491 using invisible characters in the arguments of a Windows shortcut file (.lnk)

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-9491?
CVE-2025-9491 is a high vulnerability published on August 26, 2025. Microsoft Windows LNK File UI Misrepresentation Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Microsoft Windows. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a…
When was CVE-2025-9491 disclosed?
CVE-2025-9491 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on August 26, 2025, with the most recent update on June 17, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-9491 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-9491 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 99.1% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-9491?
CVE-2025-9491 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + CISA KEV + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 7.0.
How do I remediate CVE-2025-9491?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-9491, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

Explore the affected products and dependency analysis for CVE-2025-9491

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