n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Versions starting with 0.211.0 and prior to 1.120.4, 1.121.1, and 1.122.0 contain a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in their workflow expression evaluation system. Under certain conditions, expressions supplied by authenticated users during workflow configuration may be evaluated in an execution context that is not sufficiently isolated from the underlying runtime. An authenticated attacker could abuse this behavior to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the n8n process. Successful exploitation may lead to full compromise of the affected instance, including unauthorized access to sensitive data, modification of workflows, and execution of system-level operations. This issue has been fixed in versions 1.120.4, 1.121.1, and 1.122.0. Users are strongly advised to upgrade to a patched version, which introduces additional safeguards to restrict expression evaluation. If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: Limit workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only; and/or deploy n8n in a hardened environment with restricted operating system privileges and network access to reduce the impact of potential exploitation. These workarounds do not fully eliminate the risk and should only be used as short-term measures.
CVE-2025-68613
“▲” beside the score: it is higher than NVD's CVSS score.
Score elevated to 9.9 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2026-03-11), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 8.8 retained for reference. Confidence: HIGH.
Also known asEUVD-2025-204618 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cp (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD
- Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV) — the reason this is sooner than the SSVC decision on this page at low or medium mission impact
A fix is available — apply it.
- CVSS v3
- 8.8
- EG Score
- 9.9CRITICALhigh confidence
- EG Risk
- 85EG Risk 85/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity99% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.9 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation100% × 40%Fixed at 100% for a CISA KEV listing: EchelonGraph's rule.Automatability0% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Attend at medium and Act at high mission impact.Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low, sooner than that at medium and as soon as possible at high mission impact. - EPSS PROB
- 99%
- EPSS %ILE
- 99th
- KEV
- ⚠ Exploited
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (9.9): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.9 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 9.9 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
- EG Likelihood
- 99% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- CISA KEV and EG-KEV Tier 1 (exploited in the wild)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Attend at medium mission impactTrack at low, Attend at medium and Act at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days & forensic triage if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Attend at medium and Act at high mission impact.
A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low, sooner than that at medium and as soon as possible at high mission impact.
Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days & forensic triage if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.
The score's inputs: In CISA KEV yes (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
CISA required action“Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.”
Quoted verbatim from CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. CISA directs it at US federal civilian executive branch agencies under Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 26-04, which replaced BOD 22-01 on 10 June 2026; it is not EchelonGraph's advice. CISA's notes: https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cp · https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68613
Published
December 19, 2025
Last Modified
October 13, 2026
Advisory Details (5)
Auto-updated Oct 27, 2026Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA
Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA. Listed in CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-68613n8n Remote Code Execution via Expression Injection · Advisory · n8n-io/n8n · GitHub
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cpcommit 39a2d1d60edd (n8n-io/n8n)
Fix landed in n8n-io/n8n commit 39a2d1d60edd — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/39a2d1d60edde89674ca96dcbb3eb076ffff6316commit 1c933358acef (n8n-io/n8n)
Fix landed in n8n-io/n8n commit 1c933358acef — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/1c933358acef527ff61466e53268b41a04be1000commit 08f332015153 (n8n-io/n8n)
Fix landed in n8n-io/n8n commit 08f332015153 — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/08f332015153decdda3c37ad4fcb9f7ba13a7c79Patch Availability(2)
| Vendor / Ecosystem | Fix (by version range) / Patch | Released | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| npm | n8n @ 1.120.4 (fixes >= 0.211.0, < 1.120.4) | — | ghsa |
| npm | n8n @ 1.121.1 (fixes >= 1.121.0, < 1.121.1) | — | ghsa |
Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.
Affected Packages
(1 across 1 ecosystem)
npm(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| n8n | — |
| — |
Weakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 34× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
Showing the most recent 100 of 172 refreshes on record for this CVE.
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 72 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.
- 2026-11-02 03:02 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-11-02 03:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.9
- 2026-11-01 08:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cp · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.9
- 2026-11-01 08:01 UTCEG score recompute▲ 0.90
- 2026-11-01 05:23 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-31 07:45 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-30 10:06 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-29 12:27 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-27 17:06 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
- 2026-10-26 19:25 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-25 21:45 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-25 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
- 2026-10-25 16:05 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-25 00:07 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-24 02:27 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-23 04:48 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-22 07:08 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-21 09:26 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-20 11:47 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-19 14:06 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-18 05:17 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 23:46 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 02:06 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-16 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
Show 75 moreShow fewer
- 2026-10-16 04:27 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-15 06:46 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-14 09:07 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-13 11:27 UTCEG score recompute▼ 0.90
- 2026-10-13 11:25 UTCNVD updateCVSS v3 → 8.8 · severity → HIGH
- 2026-10-12 16:47 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 20:21 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 18:13 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 14:20 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-29 18:02 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-29 15:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-28 22:34 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-27 21:51 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-25 19:35 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-25 14:55 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-24 19:31 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-24 17:17 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-22 19:36 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-22 18:38 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-21 23:11 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-21 19:09 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-18 19:20 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-18 14:15 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-16 14:50 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-16 14:10 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-14 19:24 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-13 16:49 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-11 18:49 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-10 19:28 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-10 11:02 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-10 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-09 19:08 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-08 18:54 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-06 17:33 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-05 18:13 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-04 17:38 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-02 17:33 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-08-31 14:19 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-08-30 21:49 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-28 23:05 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
- 2026-08-27 17:22 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-08-26 17:41 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-08-24 18:52 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-08-24 17:48 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 99% · 99th percentile
- 2026-08-24 10:02 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-22 03:37 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 98% · 99th percentile
- 2026-08-21 16:49 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-08-21 00:24 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-20 22:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 98% · 99th percentile
- 2026-08-20 17:06 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-08-19 17:33 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-08-18 16:58 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-08-17 13:56 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-08-16 15:15 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 98% · 99th percentile
- 2026-08-16 03:35 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-16 02:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 98% · 99th percentile
- 2026-08-11 19:32 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-08-07 17:34 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-07 17:09 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-08-07 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 98% · 99th percentile
- 2026-08-06 14:23 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 98% · 99th percentile
- 2026-08-05 22:50 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-08-05 19:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 98% · 99th percentile
- 2026-08-05 17:25 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-08-04 17:02 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-08-03 19:22 UTCCISA KEV update
Publicly available exploits
(9 references)Public exploit code is referenced for this CVE (1 Metasploit module, 6 GitHub PoCs), as are 1 Nuclei detection template, 1 GitHub checker repository. A detection template checks whether a system is affected; it is not necessarily exploit code. A GitHub repository named or described as a checker or scanner checks whether a system is affected; it is not necessarily exploit code. Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly.
- Metasploitexploit/multi/http/n8n_workflow_expression_rce✓ verifiedPublished Jan 13, 2026
n8n Workflow Expression Remote Code Execution
Open source ↗ - GitHub PoCZeroDayEvil/CVE-2026-21858-n8n-FullChainPublished Sep 12, 2026
🛡️ Official AI Security Tool module for CVE-2026-21858 + CVE-2025-68613 (n8n "Ni8mare" Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Read & Expression Injection RCE Full Chain).
Open source ↗ - GitHub PoCLingerANR/n8n-CVE-2025-68613Published Dec 26, 2025
This laboratory provides a controlled environment to analyze and reproduce CVE-2025-68613 in a vulnerable n8n instance.
Open source ↗ - GitHub PoChackersatyamrastogi/n8n-exploit-CVE-2025-68613-n8n-God-Mode-UltimatePublished Dec 25, 2025
n8n God Mode Ultimate - CVE-2025-68613 Scanner v1.0.0 ║ ║ Workflow Automation Remote Code Execution
Open source ↗ - GitHub PoCmbanyamer/n8n-Authenticated-Expression-Injection-RCE-CVE-2025-68613Published Dec 25, 2025
Proof-of-Concept exploit for CVE-2025-68613: Authenticated Remote Code Execution in n8n via Expression Injection
Open source ↗ - Nucleihttp/cves/2025/CVE-2025-68613.yamlPublished Dec 24, 2025
n8n - Remote Code Execution via Expression Injection
Open source ↗ - GitHub checkerrxerium/CVE-2025-68613Published Dec 22, 2025
Detection for CVE-2025-68613
Open source ↗ - GitHub PoCTheStingR/CVE-2025-68613-POCPublished Dec 22, 2025
Public PoC + Scanner and research for CVE-2025-68613: Critical RCE in n8n Workflow Automation via Expression Injection (CVSS 10.0). Includes detection tools, full exploit, and remediation guidance.
Open source ↗ - GitHub PoCwioui/n8n-CVE-2025-68613-exploitPublished Dec 22, 2025
CVE-2025-68613: n8n RCE vulnerability exploit and documentation
Open source ↗
Related CVEs(same product + same CWE)
Same product
10 shownnpm:n8n
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- CVE-2026-42231NVD 8.8EG 10.0CRITICAL
- CVE-2026-21858EG 10.0EPSS p100CRITICAL
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- CVE-2026-44791EG 9.9CRITICAL
- CVE-2026-44789EG 9.9CRITICAL
- CVE-2026-54305EG 9.9CRITICAL
- CVE-2026-54310EG 9.9CRITICAL
- CVE-2026-56348EG 9.9CRITICAL
- CVE-2026-42232NVD 8.8EG 9.9CRITICAL
Frequently asked(6)
What is CVE-2025-68613?
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-68613 published?
Is CVE-2025-68613 actively exploited?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-68613?
Which products are affected by CVE-2025-68613?
How do I remediate CVE-2025-68613?
Dependency Blast Radius
See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2025-68613
Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2025-68613?
EchelonGraph automatically scans your cloud infrastructure and maps CVE exposure using blast radius analysis.