CVE-2025-66376

CRITICALNVD 6.19.0
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“▲” beside the score: it is higher than NVD's CVSS score.

Score elevated to 9.0 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2026-03-18), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 6.1 retained for reference. The 9.0 is the floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: this CVE's impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 7.2 HIGH under GitHub Security Advisory CVSS. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild

Also known asEUVD-2026-0850 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictMitigate nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV) — the reason this is sooner than the SSVC decision on this page at every mission impact level
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 20%CVSS: 6.1Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

No fix is confirmed yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for the fix.

The CVE record's CNA (MITRE Corporation) lists Zimbra Collaboration versions 10.0 up to but not including 10.0.18 and 10.1 up to but not including 10.1.13 as affected. No release containing a fix is confirmed on record.

Zimbra Collaboration (ZCS) 10 before 10.0.18 and 10.1 before 10.1.13 allows Classic UI stored XSS via Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) @import directives in an HTML e-mail message.

CVSS v3
6.1
EG Score
9.0CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
72
EG Risk 72/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity72% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.2 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation100% × 40%
Fixed at 100% for a CISA KEV listing: EchelonGraph's rule.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: No fix is confirmed yet. Check the vendor's advisory for a fixed release; until one is applied, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
20%
EPSS %ILE
97th
KEV
⚠ Exploited

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.0 is the CISA KEV floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: its impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 7.2 HIGH.

EG Severity
7.2 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
20% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
CISA KEV and EG-KEV Tier 1 (exploited in the wild)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: this CVE is in CISA's KEV catalog, and CISA's required action for it, quoted below, applies whether or not a fix is released.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

No fix is confirmed yet. Check the vendor's advisory for a fixed release; until one is applied, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation on your normal schedule at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.

No released fix is confirmed on this page, but CISA's timeline does not wait for a fix's release: this CVE is in CISA's KEV catalog, and CISA's required action for it, quoted below, applies whether or not a fix is released.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV yes (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

CISA required action“Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.”

Quoted verbatim from CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. CISA directs it at US federal civilian executive branch agencies under Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 26-04, which replaced BOD 22-01 on 10 June 2026; it is not EchelonGraph's advice. CISA's notes: https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Security_Advisories · https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66376

Published

January 5, 2026

Last Modified

October 7, 2026

Advisory Details (6)

Auto-updated Oct 27, 2026
⚠️ Actively exploited (CISA KEV, CISA Vulnrichment). No fix on record yet. Sources: cisa.
CISA🔴 Active Exploitation

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA. Listed in CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-66376
Web page

Zimbra Security Advisories - Zimbra :: Tech Center

https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Security_Advisories
Web page

Zimbra Responsible Disclosure Policy - Zimbra :: Tech Center

https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Responsible_Disclosure_Policy
Web page

Zimbra Releases/10.1.13 - Zimbra :: Tech Center

https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Releases/10.1.13#Security_Fixes
Web page

Zimbra Releases/10.0.18 - Zimbra :: Tech Center

https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Releases/10.0.18#Security_Fixes
Web page

Security Center - Zimbra :: Tech Center

https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Security_Center

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 20× in last 7d / 137× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 1,149 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 1,049 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-02 08:09 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-11-02 08:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  3. 2026-11-01 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  4. 2026-11-01 08:00 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-11-01 08:00 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  6. 2026-10-31 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  7. 2026-10-31 07:51 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-31 07:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  9. 2026-10-30 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  10. 2026-10-30 07:43 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-30 07:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  12. 2026-10-29 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  13. 2026-10-29 07:36 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-29 07:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  15. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  16. 2026-10-28 07:29 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-28 07:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  18. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  19. 2026-10-27 07:22 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-27 07:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  21. 2026-10-26 07:14 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-26 07:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  23. 2026-10-25 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  24. 2026-10-25 16:08 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-25 07:06 UTCEG score recompute
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-25 07:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  2. 2026-10-24 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  3. 2026-10-24 06:56 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-24 06:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  5. 2026-10-23 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  6. 2026-10-23 06:48 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-23 06:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  8. 2026-10-22 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  9. 2026-10-22 06:41 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-22 06:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  11. 2026-10-21 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  12. 2026-10-21 06:32 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-21 06:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  14. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  15. 2026-10-20 06:23 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-20 06:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  17. 2026-10-19 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  18. 2026-10-19 06:14 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-19 06:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  20. 2026-10-18 06:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  21. 2026-10-18 05:19 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  23. 2026-10-17 05:55 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-17 05:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  25. 2026-10-16 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  26. 2026-10-16 05:45 UTCEG score recompute
  27. 2026-10-16 05:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  28. 2026-10-15 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  29. 2026-10-15 05:38 UTCEG score recompute
  30. 2026-10-15 05:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  31. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  32. 2026-10-14 05:29 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-10-14 05:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  34. 2026-10-13 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  35. 2026-10-13 05:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  36. 2026-10-12 16:48 UTCEG score recompute
  37. 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  38. 2026-10-12 05:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  39. 2026-10-12 01:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  40. 2026-10-11 21:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  41. 2026-10-11 20:23 UTCEG score recompute
  42. 2026-10-11 17:15 UTCEG score recompute
  43. 2026-10-11 17:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  44. 2026-10-11 15:10 UTCEG score recompute
  45. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  46. 2026-10-11 13:17 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-10-11 13:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  48. 2026-10-11 09:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  49. 2026-10-11 05:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  50. 2026-10-11 01:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  51. 2026-10-10 21:26 UTCEG score recompute
  52. 2026-10-10 21:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  53. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  54. 2026-10-10 17:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  55. 2026-10-10 13:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  56. 2026-10-10 09:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  57. 2026-10-10 05:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  58. 2026-10-10 01:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  59. 2026-10-09 21:38 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-10-09 21:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  61. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  62. 2026-10-09 17:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  63. 2026-10-09 13:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  64. 2026-10-09 09:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  65. 2026-10-09 05:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  66. 2026-10-09 01:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  67. 2026-10-08 21:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  68. 2026-10-08 17:56 UTCEG score recompute
  69. 2026-10-08 17:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  70. 2026-10-08 17:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 20% · 97th percentile
  71. 2026-10-08 13:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  72. 2026-10-08 10:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  73. 2026-10-08 06:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2
  74. 2026-10-08 02:07 UTCEG score recompute
  75. 2026-10-08 02:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h7wg-85fj-3c6g · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.2

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2025-66376?
CVE-2025-66376 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on January 5, 2026. Zimbra Collaboration (ZCS) 10 before 10.0.18 and 10.1 before 10.1.13 allows Classic UI stored XSS via Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) @import directives in an HTML e-mail message.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-66376 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-66376 was published on January 5, 2026. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 7, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-66376 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2025-66376 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on March 18, 2026, affecting Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS). KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate attention. No fix is confirmed yet. Check the vendor's advisory for a fixed release; until one is applied, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-66376?
CVE-2025-66376 has a CVSS v3 base score of 6.1 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + CISA KEV + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 9.0 (CRITICAL).
Which products are affected by CVE-2025-66376?
CVE-2025-66376 affects Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-66376?
No fix for CVE-2025-66376 is confirmed yet. Until one is published, restrict network exposure of the affected system or apply the vendor's mitigation — for example, keep it off the internet or limit it to trusted networks — and watch the vendor's advisory for the fix. The CVE record's CNA (MITRE Corporation) lists Zimbra Collaboration versions 10.0 up to but not including 10.0.18 and 10.1 up to but not including 10.1.13 as affected. No release containing a fix is confirmed on record.

Dependency Blast Radius

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