CVE-2025-61778

CRITICALPre-NVD 9.39.3—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.3 under a secondary CVSS source (NVD's own analysis pending). EPSS exploit probability: 0.4%, top 70% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, secondary
9.3
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 0%CVSS: 9.3Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

Akka.NET is a .NET port of the Akka project from the Scala / Java community. In all versions of Akka.Remote from v1.2.0 to v1.5.51, TLS could be enabled via our akka.remote.dot-netty.tcp transport and this would correctly enforce private key validation on the server-side of inbound connections. Akka.Remote, however, never asked the outbound-connecting client to present ITS certificate - therefore it's possible for untrusted parties to connect to a private key'd Akka.NET cluster and begin communicating with it without any certificate. The issue here is that for certificate-based authentication to work properly, ensuring that all members of the Akka.Remote network are secured with the same private key, Akka.Remote needed to implement mutual TLS. This was not the case before Akka.NET v1.5.52. Those who run Akka.NET inside a private network that they fully control or who were never using TLS in the first place are now affected by the bug. However, those who use TLS to secure their networks must upgrade to Akka.NET V1.5.52 or later. One patch forces "fail fast" semantics if TLS is enabled but the private key is missing or invalid. Previous versions would only check that once connection attempts occurred. The second patch, a critical fix, enforces mutual TLS (mTLS) by default, so both parties must be keyed using the same certificate. As a workaround, avoid exposing the application publicly to avoid the vulnerability having a practical impact on one's application. However, upgrading to version 1.5.52 is still recommended by the maintainers.

CVSS v3
9.3
EG Score
9.3(medium)
EG Risk
57(Track)
EG Risk 57/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity93% × 45%
Exploitation0% × 40%
Automatability100% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS
30.0%
KEV
Not listed

Published

October 6, 2025

Last Modified

June 17, 2026

Advisory Details (5)

Auto-updated Jul 18, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_pr, github_release, github.
github Patch Available

Akka.Remote TLS does not properly implement certificate-based authentication · Advisory · akkadotnet/akka.net · GitHub

https://github.com/akkadotnet/akka.net/security/advisories/GHSA-jhpv-4q4f-43g5
github_release Patch Available

Akka.NET v1.5.52

Patch available: akkadotnet/akka.net 1.5.52

https://github.com/akkadotnet/akka.net/releases/tag/1.5.52
github_pr

feat(remote): implement mutual TLS authentication support

Fix merged in akkadotnet/akka.net PR #7851 on 2025-10-03 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/akkadotnet/akka.net/pull/7851
github_pr

Fix: Validate SSL certificate private key access at server startup

Fix merged in akkadotnet/akka.net PR #7847 on 2025-10-02 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/akkadotnet/akka.net/pull/7847
generic

Network Security | Akka.NET Documentation

https://getakka.net/articles/remoting/security.html

Affected Packages

(2 across 1 ecosystem)
NuGet(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
Akka.Cluster1.2.0 ... 1.5.9 (153 versions)1.5.52—
Akka.Remote1.2.0 ... 1.5.9 (153 versions)1.5.52—

Weakness Classification(3)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 48× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 118 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-23 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-23 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-23 03:00 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-07-22 14:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-20 17:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-19 14:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-07-18 10:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-07-16 17:02 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-07-14 05:40 UTCOSV refresh
  18. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore
  19. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-07-12 05:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-07-09 19:09 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-07-08 15:15 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-07-07 13:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-07-06 16:27 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-06 02:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-06 02:23 UTCEPSS rescore
  4. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  5. 2026-07-05 02:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  6. 2026-07-04 06:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  7. 2026-07-04 06:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  8. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  9. 2026-07-01 15:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  10. 2026-06-30 23:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  11. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  12. 2026-06-29 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
  13. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  14. 2026-06-28 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
  15. 2026-06-28 04:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  16. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescore
  17. 2026-06-27 03:08 UTCEPSS rescore
  18. 2026-06-26 03:16 UTCOSV refresh
  19. 2026-06-25 13:49 UTCEPSS rescore
  20. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  21. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  22. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-06-23 21:32 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-22 14:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  25. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-06-21 14:56 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  28. 2026-06-21 01:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  29. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  30. 2026-06-19 19:25 UTCEPSS rescore
  31. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  32. 2026-06-18 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  33. 2026-06-17 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  34. 2026-06-16 17:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  35. 2026-06-15 17:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  36. 2026-06-15 17:48 UTCEPSS rescore
  37. 2026-06-14 23:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  38. 2026-06-13 23:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  39. 2026-06-13 23:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  40. 2026-06-12 23:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-06-11 14:00 UTCEPSS rescore
  42. 2026-06-10 22:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  43. 2026-06-10 22:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-06-10 13:22 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-06-08 15:25 UTCEG score recompute▲ 9.30
  46. 2026-06-08 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  49. 2026-06-07 15:24 UTCEPSS rescore
  50. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  51. 2026-06-06 13:47 UTCEPSS rescore
  52. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  53. 2026-06-05 22:46 UTCEPSS rescore
  54. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  55. 2026-06-05 06:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  56. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  57. 2026-06-04 13:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  58. 2026-06-02 20:13 UTCEPSS rescore
  59. 2026-06-02 20:12 UTCEPSS rescore
  60. 2026-06-02 11:55 UTCOSV refresh
  61. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  62. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
  63. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  64. 2026-05-31 22:30 UTCEPSS rescore
  65. 2026-05-31 00:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  66. 2026-05-31 00:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  67. 2026-05-29 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  68. 2026-05-28 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  69. 2026-05-28 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  70. 2026-05-28 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore
  71. 2026-05-27 13:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  72. 2026-05-27 13:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  73. 2026-05-27 13:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  74. 2026-05-27 13:40 UTCEPSS rescore
  75. 2026-05-26 13:44 UTCEPSS rescore

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-61778?
CVE-2025-61778 is a critical vulnerability published on October 6, 2025. Akka.NET is a .NET port of the Akka project from the Scala / Java community. In all versions of Akka.Remote from v1.2.0 to v1.5.51, TLS could be enabled via our akka.remote.dot-netty.tcp transport and this would correctly enforce private key validation on the server-side of inbound connections.…
When was CVE-2025-61778 disclosed?
CVE-2025-61778 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on October 6, 2025, with the most recent update on June 17, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-61778 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-61778 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 30.0% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-61778?
CVE-2025-61778 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.3 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-61778?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-61778, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2025-61778

Explore →

Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2025-61778?

EchelonGraph automatically scans your cloud infrastructure and maps CVE exposure using blast radius analysis.

Start Free Scan →Browse All CVEs