php-jwt v6.11.0 was discovered to contain weak encryption. NOTE: this issue has been disputed on the basis that key lengths are expected to be set by an application, not by this library. This dispute is subject to review under CNA rules 4.1.4, 4.1.14, and other rules; the dispute tagging is not meant to recommend an outcome for this CVE Record.
CVE-2025-45769
“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.
Score 6.5 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: LOW) published 2025-07-31. NVD baseline CVSS 6.5; sources differ by 0.0.
Also known asEUVD-2025-23305 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-2x45-7fc3-mxwq (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD
- CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
A fix is available — apply it.
- CVSS v3
- 6.5
- EG Score
- 6.5MEDIUMmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 45EG Risk 45/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity65% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 6.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation40% × 40%EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.Automatability0% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines. - EPSS PROB
- 0.1%
- EPSS %ILE
- 3rd
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (6.5): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 6.5 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 6.5 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
- EG Likelihood
- 0.1% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-31). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.
The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
July 31, 2025
Last Modified
February 18, 2026
Advisory Details (8)
Auto-updated Oct 23, 2026[GHSA-2x45-7fc3-mxwq] php-jwt contains weak encryption
Fix merged in github/advisory-database PR #6954 on 2026-02-27 — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/github/advisory-database/pull/6954v7.0.0
Patch available: firebase/php-jwt v7.0.0
https://github.com/firebase/php-jwt/releases/tag/v7.0.0feat: add key size validation
Patch available: firebase/php-jwt v7.0.0 (PR #613 merged 2025-12-15)
https://github.com/firebase/php-jwt/pull/613GitHub Advisory GHSA for CVE-2025-45769 ignores NVD "Disputed" status, blocks all php-jwt v6 users · Issue #620 · googleapis/php-jwt · GitHub
https://github.com/firebase/php-jwt/issues/620GitHub - googleapis/php-jwt: PHP package for JWT · GitHub
https://github.com/firebase/php-jwtphp-jwt contains weak encryption · CVE-2025-45769 · GitHub Advisory Database · GitHub
https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2x45-7fc3-mxwqphp-jwt < v6.11.0 was discovered to contain weak encryption. · GitHub
https://gist.github.com/ZupeiNie/83756316c4c24fe97a50176a92608db3Patch Availability(1)
| Vendor / Ecosystem | Fix (by version range) / Patch | Released | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| composer | firebase/php-jwt @ 7.0.0 (fixes < 7.0.0) | — | ghsa |
Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.
Affected Packages
(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Packagist(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| firebase/php-jwt | 1.0.0 ... v6.9.0 (34 versions) |
| — |
Weakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 38× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
Showing the most recent 95 of 198 refreshes on record for this CVE.
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 5 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 103 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.
- 2026-11-02 16:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
- 2026-11-01 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
- 2026-11-01 08:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2x45-7fc3-mxwq · GitHub severity LOW · GitHub CVSS 6.5
- 2026-11-01 08:06 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-31 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
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- 2026-10-25 16:24 UTCEG score recompute
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- 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
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- 2026-10-18 05:32 UTCEG score recompute
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- 2026-10-12 17:03 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
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- 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · 3rd percentile
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- 2026-08-25 07:07 UTCOSV refresh
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Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2025-45769?
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-45769 published?
Is CVE-2025-45769 actively exploited?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-45769?
How do I remediate CVE-2025-45769?
Dependency Blast Radius
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