CVE-2025-45311

HIGHNVD 8.88.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

Score 8.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: HIGH) published 2025-11-26. NVD baseline CVSS 8.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: epss, ghsa, nvd
Elevated
8.8
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 0%CVSS: 8.8Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

Insecure permissions in fail2ban-client v0.11.2 allows attackers with limited sudo privileges to perform arbitrary operations as root. NOTE: this is disputed by multiple parties because the action for a triggered rule can legitimately be an arbitrary operation as root. Thus, the software is behaving in accordance with its intended privilege model.

CVSS v3
8.8
EG Score
8.8(medium)
EG Risk
56(Track*)
EG Risk 56/100SSVC: Track*

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity88% × 45%
Exploitation40% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Watch closely — could escalate to Attend.
EPSS
25.3%
KEV
Not listed

Published

November 26, 2025

Last Modified

April 15, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated May 21, 2026
🔬 Proof of concept available. No patch confirmed yet.
generic

oss-security - Re: Questionable CVE's reported against dnsmasq

http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/12/03/2
generic

Packet Storm

https://packetstorm.news/files/id/189989
generic🟡 PoC Available

Address report of security issue CVE-2025-45311 · Issue #4110 · fail2ban/fail2ban · GitHub

https://github.com/fail2ban/fail2ban/issues/4110
generic

CVE‑2025‑45311 Command Execution / Privilege Escalation in Fail2Ban 0.11.2 · GitHub

https://gist.github.com/R-Security/1c707a08f9c7f9a91d9d84b5010aaed2

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 49× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 127 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-23 14:18 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-23 02:56 UTCEG score recompute
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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-45311?
CVE-2025-45311 is a high vulnerability published on November 26, 2025. Insecure permissions in fail2ban-client v0.11.2 allows attackers with limited sudo privileges to perform arbitrary operations as root. NOTE: this is disputed by multiple parties because the action for a triggered rule can legitimately be an arbitrary operation as root. Thus, the software is…
When was CVE-2025-45311 disclosed?
CVE-2025-45311 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on November 26, 2025, with the most recent update on April 15, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-45311 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-45311 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 25.3% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-45311?
CVE-2025-45311 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-45311?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-45311, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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