CVE-2025-43300

CRITICALNVD 10.010.0
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score elevated to 10.0 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2025-08-21), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 10.0 retained for reference. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild

Also known asEUVD-2025-25409 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

10.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV) — the reason this is sooner than the SSVC decision on this page at low mission impact
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 65%CVSS: 10.0Exploit: Public PoCExposed services: Not assessed

The CVE record names the fixed release — apply it.

An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.8.5 and iPadOS 15.8.5, iOS 16.7.12 and iPadOS 16.7.12, iOS 18.6.2 and iPadOS 18.6.2, iPadOS 17.7.10, macOS Sequoia 15.6.1, macOS Sonoma 14.7.8, macOS Ventura 13.7.8. Processing a malicious image file may result in memory corruption. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals.

CVSS v3
10.0
EG Score
10.0CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
100
EG Risk 100/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity100% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 10.0 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation100% × 40%
Fixed at 100% for a CISA KEV listing: EchelonGraph's rule.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Attend at low mission impact; Act at medium or high.
Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it sooner than your standard update timelines at low mission impact and as soon as possible at medium or high.
EPSS PROB
65%
EPSS %ILE
99th
KEV
⚠ Exploited

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (10.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 10.0 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
10.0 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
65% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-31). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
CISA KEV and EG-KEV Tier 1 (exploited in the wild)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Act at medium mission impactAttend at low mission impact; Act at medium or high.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days & forensic triage if the affected system is publicly exposed; 3 days & forensic triage if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Attend at low mission impact; Act at medium or high.

The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it sooner than your standard update timelines at low mission impact and as soon as possible at medium or high.

Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days & forensic triage if the affected system is publicly exposed; 3 days & forensic triage if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV yes (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

CISA required action“Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.”

Quoted verbatim from CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. CISA directs it at US federal civilian executive branch agencies under Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 26-04, which replaced BOD 22-01 on 10 June 2026; it is not EchelonGraph's advice. CISA's notes: https://support.apple.com/en-us/124925 · https://support.apple.com/en-us/124926 · https://support.apple.com/en-us/124927 · https://support.apple.com/en-us/124928 · https://support.apple.com/en-us/124929 · https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43300

Published

August 21, 2025

Last Modified

April 3, 2026

Advisory Details (10)

Auto-updated Nov 1, 2026
⚠️ Actively exploited (CISA KEV, CISA Vulnrichment). Fix named in the CVE record.
Web page

Full Disclosure: APPLE-SA-09-15-2025-4 iOS 15.8.5 and iPadOS 15.8.5

http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Sep/52
Web page

Full Disclosure: APPLE-SA-08-20-2025-5 macOS Ventura 13.7.8

http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Sep/14
Web page

Full Disclosure: APPLE-SA-08-20-2025-1 iOS 18.6.2 and iPadOS 18.6.2

http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Sep/10
Web page

About the security content of iOS 15.8.5 and iPadOS 15.8.5 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/125142
Web page

About the security content of iOS 16.7.12 and iPadOS 16.7.12 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/125141
Web page

About the security content of macOS Ventura 13.7.8 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/124929
Web page

About the security content of macOS Sonoma 14.7.8 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/124928
Web page

About the security content of macOS Sequoia 15.6.1 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/124927
Web page

About the security content of iPadOS 17.7.10 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/124926
Web page

About the security content of iOS 18.6.2 and iPadOS 18.6.2 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/124925

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 17× in last 7d / 128× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 1,202 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 1,102 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-01 15:22 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-11-01 15:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  3. 2026-10-31 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 65% · 99th percentile
  4. 2026-10-31 13:35 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-31 13:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  6. 2026-10-30 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 65% · 99th percentile
  7. 2026-10-30 11:49 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-30 11:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  9. 2026-10-29 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 65% · 99th percentile
  10. 2026-10-29 10:03 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-29 10:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  12. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 65% · 99th percentile
  13. 2026-10-28 08:16 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-28 08:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  15. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 65% · 99th percentile
  16. 2026-10-27 06:28 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-27 06:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  18. 2026-10-26 04:41 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-26 04:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  20. 2026-10-25 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 65% · 99th percentile
  21. 2026-10-25 16:25 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-25 02:55 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-25 02:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  24. 2026-10-24 01:08 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-24 01:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 32% · 98th percentile
  2. 2026-10-22 23:19 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-22 23:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  4. 2026-10-22 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 32% · 98th percentile
  5. 2026-10-21 21:32 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-21 21:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  7. 2026-10-21 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 32% · 98th percentile
  8. 2026-10-20 19:44 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-20 19:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  10. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 32% · 98th percentile
  11. 2026-10-19 17:57 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-19 17:57 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  13. 2026-10-19 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 32% · 98th percentile
  14. 2026-10-18 16:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  15. 2026-10-18 05:33 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-17 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 32% · 98th percentile
  17. 2026-10-17 14:22 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-17 14:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  19. 2026-10-16 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 32% · 98th percentile
  20. 2026-10-16 12:34 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-16 12:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  22. 2026-10-15 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 32% · 98th percentile
  23. 2026-10-15 10:46 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-15 10:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  25. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 32% · 98th percentile
  26. 2026-10-14 08:55 UTCEG score recompute
  27. 2026-10-14 08:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  28. 2026-10-13 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 32% · 98th percentile
  29. 2026-10-13 07:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  30. 2026-10-12 17:04 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-10-12 05:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  32. 2026-10-12 01:30 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  33. 2026-10-11 21:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  34. 2026-10-11 20:37 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-10-11 17:50 UTCEG score recompute
  36. 2026-10-11 17:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  37. 2026-10-11 13:59 UTCEG score recompute
  38. 2026-10-11 13:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  39. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 32% · 98th percentile
  40. 2026-10-11 10:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  41. 2026-10-11 06:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  42. 2026-10-11 02:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  43. 2026-10-10 22:34 UTCEG score recompute
  44. 2026-10-10 22:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  45. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 32% · 98th percentile
  46. 2026-10-10 18:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  47. 2026-10-10 14:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  48. 2026-10-10 11:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  49. 2026-10-10 07:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  50. 2026-10-10 03:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  51. 2026-10-09 23:29 UTCEG score recompute
  52. 2026-10-09 23:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  53. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 32% · 98th percentile
  54. 2026-10-09 19:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  55. 2026-10-09 15:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  56. 2026-10-09 11:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  57. 2026-10-09 08:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  58. 2026-10-09 04:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  59. 2026-10-09 00:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  60. 2026-10-08 20:34 UTCEG score recompute
  61. 2026-10-08 20:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  62. 2026-10-08 17:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 32% · 98th percentile
  63. 2026-10-08 16:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  64. 2026-10-08 12:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  65. 2026-10-08 09:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  66. 2026-10-08 05:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  67. 2026-10-08 01:22 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-10-08 01:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  69. 2026-10-07 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 32% · 98th percentile
  70. 2026-10-07 21:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  71. 2026-10-07 17:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  72. 2026-10-07 13:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  73. 2026-10-07 10:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  74. 2026-10-07 06:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  75. 2026-10-07 02:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.8

Publicly available exploits

(4 references)

Public exploit code is referenced for this CVE (4 GitHub PoCs). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly.

  • GitHub PoC7amzahard/CVE-2025-43300
    Published Dec 2, 2025

    CVE-2025-43300: iOS/macOS DNG Image Processing Memory Corruption

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCticofookfook/CVE-2025-43300
    Published Sep 30, 2025
    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCPwnToday/CVE-2025-43300
    Published Sep 9, 2025

    CVE-2025-43300: iOS/macOS DNG Image Processing Memory Corruption

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoChunters-sec/CVE-2025-43300
    Published Aug 24, 2025

    This is POC for IOS 0click CVE-2025-43300

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2025-43300?
CVE-2025-43300 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on August 21, 2025. An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.8.5 and iPadOS 15.8.5, iOS 16.7.12 and iPadOS 16.7.12, iOS 18.6.2 and iPadOS 18.6.2, iPadOS 17.7.10, macOS Sequoia 15.6.1, macOS Sonoma 14.7.8, macOS Ventura 13.7.8. Processing a malicious image…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-43300 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-43300 was published on August 21, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of April 3, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-43300 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2025-43300 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on August 21, 2025, affecting Apple iOS, iPadOS, and macOS. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate attention. The CVE record names the fixed release. Apply it.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-43300?
CVE-2025-43300 has a CVSS v3 base score of 10.0 (NVD).
Which products are affected by CVE-2025-43300?
CVE-2025-43300 affects Apple iOS, iPadOS, and macOS.
How do I remediate CVE-2025-43300?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-43300 names the fix: "This issue is fixed in iOS 15.8.5 and iPadOS 15.8.5, iOS 16.7.12 and iPadOS 16.7.12, iOS 18.6.2 and iPadOS 18.6.2, iPadOS 17.7.10, macOS Sequoia 15.6.1, macOS Sonoma 14.7.8, macOS Ventura 13.7.8."

Dependency Blast Radius

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