CVE-2025-39769

MEDIUMNVD 5.55.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 5.5 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2025-09-11. NVD baseline CVSS 5.5; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3

Also known asEUVD-2025-28943 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-pf8w-93qv-jm8p (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

5.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.1%CVSS: 5.5Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

bnxt_en: Fix lockdep warning during rmmod

The commit under the Fixes tag added a netdev_assert_locked() in bnxt_free_ntp_fltrs(). The lock should be held during normal run-time but the assert will be triggered (see below) during bnxt_remove_one() which should not need the lock. The netdev is already unregistered by then. Fix it by calling netdev_assert_locked_or_invisible() which will not assert if the netdev is unregistered.

WARNING: CPU: 5 PID: 2241 at ./include/net/netdev_lock.h:17 bnxt_free_ntp_fltrs+0xf8/0x100 [bnxt_en] Modules linked in: rpcrdma rdma_cm iw_cm ib_cm configfs ib_core bnxt_en(-) bridge stp llc x86_pkg_temp_thermal xfs tg3 [last unloaded: bnxt_re] CPU: 5 UID: 0 PID: 2241 Comm: rmmod Tainted: G S W 6.16.0 #2 PREEMPT(voluntary) Tainted: [S]=CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC, [W]=WARN Hardware name: Dell Inc. PowerEdge R730/072T6D, BIOS 2.4.3 01/17/2017 RIP: 0010:bnxt_free_ntp_fltrs+0xf8/0x100 [bnxt_en] Code: 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f c3 cc cc cc cc 48 8b 47 60 be ff ff ff ff 48 8d b8 28 0c 00 00 e8 d0 cf 41 c3 85 c0 0f 85 2e ff ff ff <0f> 0b e9 27 ff ff ff 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 RSP: 0018:ffffa92082387da0 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff9e5b593d8000 RCX: 0000000000000001 RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: ffffffff83dc9a70 RDI: ffffffff83e1a1cf RBP: ffff9e5b593d8c80 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffffff8373a2b3 R10: 000000008100009f R11: 0000000000000001 R12: 0000000000000001 R13: ffffffffc01c4478 R14: dead000000000122 R15: dead000000000100 FS: 00007f3a8a52c740(0000) GS:ffff9e631ad1c000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 000055bb289419c8 CR3: 000000011274e001 CR4: 00000000003706f0 Call Trace: bnxt_remove_one+0x57/0x180 [bnxt_en] pci_device_remove+0x39/0xc0 device_release_driver_internal+0xa5/0x130 driver_detach+0x42/0x90 bus_remove_driver+0x61/0xc0 pci_unregister_driver+0x38/0x90 bnxt_exit+0xc/0x7d0 [bnxt_en]

CVSS v3
5.5
EG Score
5.5MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
25
EG Risk 25/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity55% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 5.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.1% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's BOD 26-04 default: no one has published Automatable for this CVE, and CISA treats it as “no” for a CVE not in KEV.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (no CISA value, KEV listing or exploit code on record) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). EchelonGraph holds no SSVC assessment of this CVE from CISA: none of these inputs is from Vulnrichment. EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.1%
EPSS %ILE
below the 1st
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (5.5): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 5.5 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
5.5 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.1% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-24). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (no CISA value, KEV listing or exploit code on record) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). EchelonGraph holds no SSVC assessment of this CVE from CISA: none of these inputs is from Vulnrichment. EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). Where an input reads “CISA's BOD 26-04 default”, no one has published it for this CVE, and CISA's implementation guidance says: “If “Automatable” and “Technical Impact” information items about a CVE ID are not available and the CVE ID is not in the KEV Catalog, CISA will treat its values as “no” and “total,” respectively, until CISA or a third party provides metadata about the CVE ID. CISA will always provide the Vulnrichment data for a CVE ID listed in the KEV Catalog.” Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

September 11, 2025

Last Modified

October 19, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Oct 19, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

bnxt_en: Fix lockdep warning during rmmod - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5885d39dce879fbbc953f40e19adb60c29802302
Web page

bnxt_en: Fix lockdep warning during rmmod - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4611d88a37cfc18cbabc6978aaf7325d1ae3f53a

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
linuxKernel @ 6.16.4 (fixes >=6.15.0)—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.12.100-1 ... 6.16~rc7-1~exp1 (63 versions)
  • every version up to 6.16.5-1: fixed in 6.16.5-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 5× in last 7d / 30× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 93 of 146 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 7 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 53 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-02 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  2. 2026-10-31 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  3. 2026-10-29 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  4. 2026-10-28 13:55 UTCOSV refresh
  5. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  6. 2026-10-26 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  7. 2026-10-25 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  8. 2026-10-25 16:28 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-24 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  10. 2026-10-21 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  11. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  12. 2026-10-19 21:47 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-19 21:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-pf8w-93qv-jm8p · GitHub CVSS 5.5
  14. 2026-10-19 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  15. 2026-10-18 05:35 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-16 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  17. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  18. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  19. 2026-10-13 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  20. 2026-10-12 17:06 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-12 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  22. 2026-10-11 20:39 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-11 18:50 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-11 15:27 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
Show 68 more
  1. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  2. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  3. 2026-10-08 17:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  4. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  5. 2026-10-06 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  6. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  7. 2026-10-02 05:11 UTCOSV refresh
  8. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  9. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  10. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  11. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  12. 2026-09-26 00:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  13. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  14. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  15. 2026-09-17 19:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  16. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  17. 2026-09-16 05:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  18. 2026-09-13 16:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  19. 2026-09-13 01:36 UTCOSV refresh
  20. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  21. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  22. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  23. 2026-09-10 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  24. 2026-09-08 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  25. 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  26. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  27. 2026-09-04 05:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  28. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  29. 2026-09-01 13:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  30. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  31. 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  32. 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  33. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  34. 2026-08-26 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  35. 2026-08-25 04:26 UTCOSV refresh
  36. 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  37. 2026-08-20 22:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  38. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  39. 2026-08-17 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  40. 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  41. 2026-08-15 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  42. 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  43. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  44. 2026-08-09 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  45. 2026-08-08 21:49 UTCOSV refresh
  46. 2026-08-08 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  47. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  48. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  49. 2026-08-04 15:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  50. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  51. 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  52. 2026-08-01 04:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  53. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  54. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  55. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  56. 2026-07-26 14:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  57. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  58. 2026-07-23 20:41 UTCOSV refresh
  59. 2026-07-23 02:55 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  61. 2026-07-21 15:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  62. 2026-07-20 17:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  63. 2026-07-19 02:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  64. 2026-07-16 17:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  65. 2026-07-15 16:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  66. 2026-07-15 01:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  67. 2026-07-13 22:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile
  68. 2026-07-13 06:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS <0.1% · below the 1st percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-39769?
CVE-2025-39769 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on September 11, 2025. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bnxt_en: Fix lockdep warning during rmmod The commit under the Fixes tag added a netdev_assert_locked() in bnxt_free_ntp_fltrs(). The lock should be held during normal run-time but the assert will be triggered (see below) during…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-39769 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-39769 was published on September 11, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 19, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-39769 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-39769 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (below the 1st percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-39769?
CVE-2025-39769 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-39769?
A fix for CVE-2025-39769 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

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