CVE-2025-31498

HIGHNVD 8.38.3—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This high-severity CVE scores 8.3 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.6%, top 56% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
8.3
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 1%CVSS: 8.3Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

c-ares is an asynchronous resolver library. From 1.32.3 through 1.34.4, there is a use-after-free in read_answers() when process_answer() may re-enqueue a query either due to a DNS Cookie Failure or when the upstream server does not properly support EDNS, or possibly on TCP queries if the remote closed the connection immediately after a response. If there was an issue trying to put that new transaction on the wire, it would close the connection handle, but read_answers() was still expecting the connection handle to be available to possibly dequeue other responses. In theory a remote attacker might be able to trigger this by flooding the target with ICMP UNREACHABLE packets if they also control the upstream nameserver and can return a result with one of those conditions, this has been untested. Otherwise only a local attacker might be able to change system behavior to make send()/write() return a failure condition. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.34.5.

CVSS v3
8.3
EG Score
8.3(medium)
EG Risk
38(Track)
EG Risk 38/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity83% × 45%
Exploitation1% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS
44.0%
KEV
Not listed

Published

April 8, 2025

Last Modified

April 15, 2026

References (4)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-31498(6)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(7)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulibcares2 (1.34.4-2.1ubuntu0.1) @ plucky2026-06-08ubuntu
redhatnodejs:20-9040020250506133952.rhel92025-05-14redhat
redhatnodejs:20-9060020250425155626.rhel92025-05-13redhat
redhatnodejs22-1:22.15.0-1.el10_02025-05-13redhat
redhatnodejs:22-9060020250428105352.rhel92025-05-13redhat
redhatnodejs:22-8100020250429143334.6d8804032025-05-05redhat
redhatnodejs:20-8100020250425153222.489197e62025-05-05redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(2)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 13× in last 7d / 47× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 130 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-24 14:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-23 02:53 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
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  1. 2026-07-11 08:27 UTCEPSS rescore
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  46. 2026-06-10 22:18 UTCEPSS rescore
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  48. 2026-06-08 16:21 UTCEG score recompute▲ 8.30
  49. 2026-06-08 16:21 UTCVendor advisory
  50. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
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  75. 2026-05-27 13:40 UTCEPSS rescore

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-31498?
CVE-2025-31498 is a high vulnerability published on April 8, 2025. c-ares is an asynchronous resolver library. From 1.32.3 through 1.34.4, there is a use-after-free in readanswers() when processanswer() may re-enqueue a query either due to a DNS Cookie Failure or when the upstream server does not properly support EDNS, or possibly on TCP queries if the remote…
When was CVE-2025-31498 disclosed?
CVE-2025-31498 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on April 8, 2025, with the most recent update on April 15, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2025-31498 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-31498 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 44.0% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-31498?
CVE-2025-31498 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.3 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-31498?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2025-31498, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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