tj-actions changed-files before 46 allows remote attackers to discover secrets by reading actions logs. (The tags v1 through v45.0.7 were affected on 2025-03-14 and 2025-03-15 because they were modified by a threat actor to point at commit 0e58ed8, which contained malicious updateFeatures code.)
CVE-2025-30066
“▲” beside the score: it is higher than NVD's CVSS score.
Score elevated to 9.0 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2025-03-18), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 8.6 retained for reference. The 9.0 is the floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: this CVE's impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 8.6 HIGH under GitHub Security Advisory CVSS. Confidence: HIGH.
Also known asEUVD-2025-6565 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-mrrh-fwg8-r2c3 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD
- Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV) — the reason this is sooner than the SSVC decision on this page at low or medium mission impact
A fix is available — apply it.
- CVSS v3
- 8.6
- EG Score
- 9.0CRITICALhigh confidence
- EG Risk
- 94EG Risk 94/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity86% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 8.6 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation100% × 40%Fixed at 100% for a CISA KEV listing: EchelonGraph's rule.Automatability100% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Attend at low or medium mission impact; Act at high (mission-essential systems).Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: A fix is available. Apply it sooner than your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and as soon as possible at high. - EPSS PROB
- 72%
- EPSS %ILE
- 99th
- KEV
- ⚠ Exploited
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (9.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.0 is the CISA KEV floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: its impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 8.6 HIGH.
- EG Severity
- 8.6 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
- EG Likelihood
- 72% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- CISA KEV and EG-KEV Tier 1 (exploited in the wild)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Attend at medium mission impactAttend at low or medium mission impact; Act at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Attend at low or medium mission impact; Act at high (mission-essential systems).
A fix is available. Apply it sooner than your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and as soon as possible at high.
Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.
The score's inputs: In CISA KEV yes (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
CISA required action“Apply mitigations as set forth in the CISA instructions linked below. Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.”
Quoted verbatim from CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. CISA directs it at US federal civilian executive branch agencies under Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 26-04, which replaced BOD 22-01 on 10 June 2026; it is not EchelonGraph's advice. CISA's notes: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/alerts/2025/03/18/supply-chain-compromise-third-party-tj-actionschanged-files-cve-2025-30066-and-reviewdogaction · https://github.com/tj-actions/changed-files/blob/45fb12d7a8bedb4da42342e52fe054c6c2c3fd73/README.md?plain=1#L20-L28 · https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30066
Published
March 15, 2025
Last Modified
September 24, 2026
Advisory Details (10)
Auto-updated Nov 2, 2026Aftercare for Users of Versions with Potentially Exposed Secrets · Issue #2477 · tj-actions/changed-files · GitHub
https://github.com/tj-actions/changed-files/issues/2477[BUG] Pretty sure this repo got hacked and if you use this it will send your secrets to a hacker · Issue #2464 · tj-actions/changed-files · GitHub
https://github.com/tj-actions/changed-files/issues/2464Multiple tags in this action are compromised · Issue #2463 · tj-actions/changed-files · GitHub
https://github.com/tj-actions/changed-files/issues/2463changed-files/README.md at 45fb12d7a8bedb4da42342e52fe054c6c2c3fd73 · tj-actions/changed-files · GitHub
https://github.com/tj-actions/changed-files/blob/45fb12d7a8bedb4da42342e52fe054c6c2c3fd73/README.md?plain=1#L20-L28fix: Use git to derive changed files instead
Patch available: rackerlabs/genestack release-2025.2.1 (PR #903 merged 2025-03-15)
https://github.com/rackerlabs/genestack/pull/903modal-examples is using a compromised tj-actions/changed-files GitHub action (CVE-2025-30066) · Issue #1100 · modal-labs/modal-examples · GitHub
https://github.com/modal-labs/modal-examples/issues/1100docs/content/actions/security-for-github-actions/security-guides/security-hardening-for-github-actions.md at 962a1c8dccb8c0f66548b324e5b921b5e4fbc3d6 · github/docs · GitHub
https://github.com/github/docs/blob/962a1c8dccb8c0f66548b324e5b921b5e4fbc3d6/content/actions/security-for-github-actions/security-guides/security-hardening-for-github-actions.md?plain=1#L191-L193arduino-esp32 is using a compromised tj-actions/changed-files GitHub action (CVE-2025-30066) · Issue #11127 · espressif/arduino-esp32 · GitHub
https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/issues/11127:bookmark:(deps): Update tj-actions/changed-files digest to 0e58ed8
Fix merged in chains-project/maven-lockfile PR #1111 on 2025-03-14 — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/chains-project/maven-lockfile/pull/1111Compromised tj-actions/changed-files GitHub Action: A look at publicly leaked secrets
https://blog.gitguardian.com/compromised-tj-actions/Patch Availability(1)
| Vendor / Ecosystem | Fix (by version range) / Patch | Released | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| actions | tj-actions/changed-files @ 46.0.1 (fixes <= 45.0.7) | — | ghsa |
Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.
Weakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 14× in last 7d / 52× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
Showing the most recent 98 of 275 refreshes on record for this CVE.
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 2 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 177 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.
- 2026-11-02 05:11 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-11-02 05:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mrrh-fwg8-r2c3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.6
- 2026-11-01 08:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-mrrh-fwg8-r2c3 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.6
- 2026-11-01 08:07 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-11-01 05:21 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-31 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
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- 2026-10-30 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
- 2026-10-30 05:39 UTCEG score recompute
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- 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
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- 2026-10-26 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
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- 2026-10-25 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
- 2026-10-25 06:28 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-24 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
- 2026-10-24 06:38 UTCEG score recompute
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- 2026-10-21 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
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- 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
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- 2026-10-19 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
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- 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
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- 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
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- 2026-10-13 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
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- 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
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- 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
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- 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
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- 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-28 23:12 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-27 21:51 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-26 16:22 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
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- 2026-09-26 00:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-25 19:35 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-25 14:55 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-24 19:31 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-24 17:18 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 72% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-23 14:51 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-23 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-22 19:36 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-22 15:22 UTCEG score recompute
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- 2026-09-21 19:09 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-19 16:58 UTCEG score recompute
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- 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-18 19:20 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-18 14:15 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-17 21:58 UTCEG score recompute
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- 2026-09-16 14:10 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
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- 2026-09-14 19:24 UTCCISA KEV update
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- 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-11 18:49 UTCCISA KEV update
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- 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-10 19:28 UTCCISA KEV update
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- 2026-09-10 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 70% · 99th percentile
- 2026-09-09 19:08 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-08 18:54 UTCCISA KEV update
- 2026-09-07 19:16 UTCEG score recompute
Related CVEs(same CWE)
Same CWE
10 shownCWE-506
Frequently asked(6)
What is CVE-2025-30066?
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-30066 published?
Is CVE-2025-30066 actively exploited?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-30066?
Which products are affected by CVE-2025-30066?
How do I remediate CVE-2025-30066?
Dependency Blast Radius
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