CVE-2025-30065

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 44% (98th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this weekElevated

Also known asEUVD-2025-9322 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-2c59-37c4-qrx5 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Public exploit or proof-of-concept code is available
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 44%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: Public PoCExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Schema parsing in the parquet-avro module of Apache Parquet 1.15.0 and previous versions allows bad actors to execute arbitrary code

Users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.15.1, which fixes the issue.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
77
EG Risk 77/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation44% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
44%
EPSS %ILE
98th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
44% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track* at medium mission impactTrack at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Track* at medium and Attend at high mission impact.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

April 1, 2025

Last Modified

July 28, 2025

Advisory Details (8)

Auto-updated Oct 9, 2026
Patch available. Sources: redhat, github_pr.
Web page

parquet-rce-poc-CVE-2025-30065/src/main/java/com/evil/GenerateMaliciousParquetSSRF.java at main · mouadk/parquet-rce-poc-CVE-2025-30065 · GitHub

https://github.com/mouadk/parquet-rce-poc-CVE-2025-30065/blob/main/src/main/java/com/evil/GenerateMaliciousParquetSSRF.java
Web page

CVE-2025-30065/POC-CVE-2025-30065-ParquetExploitGenerator.java at main · h3st4k3r/CVE-2025-30065 · GitHub

https://github.com/h3st4k3r/CVE-2025-30065/blob/main/POC-CVE-2025-30065-ParquetExploitGenerator.java
Web page

Max severity RCE flaw discovered in widely used Apache Parquet | Hacker News

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43603091
GitHub pull request Patch Available

GH-3168: Restrict trusted packages in the parquet-avro module

Patch available: apache/parquet-java apache-parquet-1.16.0-rc0 (PR #3169 merged 2025-03-07)

https://github.com/apache/parquet-java/pull/3169
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

CVE-2025-30065 - Red Hat Customer Portal

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 or OpenShift Container Platform 4, is affected by this vulnerability and a fix may be released to a

https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-30065
Web page

oss-security - CVE-2025-30065: Apache Parquet Java: Arbitrary code execution in the parquet-avro module when reading an Avro schema from a Parquet file metadata

http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/01/1

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
mavenorg.apache.parquet:parquet-avro @ 1.15.1 (fixes < 1.15.1)—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Maven(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
org.apache.parquet:parquet-avro1.10.0 ... 1.9.0 (23 versions)
  • every version up to 1.15.1: fixed in 1.15.1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 16× in last 7d / 49× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 97 of 186 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 3 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 89 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-02 16:42 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  2. 2026-11-02 12:29 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-11-02 12:29 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2c59-37c4-qrx5 · GitHub severity CRITICAL
  4. 2026-11-01 14:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2c59-37c4-qrx5 · GitHub severity CRITICAL
  5. 2026-11-01 08:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2c59-37c4-qrx5 · GitHub severity CRITICAL
  6. 2026-11-01 08:07 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-31 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  8. 2026-10-30 18:09 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-30 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  10. 2026-10-29 20:04 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-29 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  12. 2026-10-28 21:59 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  14. 2026-10-27 23:54 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  16. 2026-10-27 01:47 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-25 16:37 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-25 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  19. 2026-10-25 01:26 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-24 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  21. 2026-10-24 03:22 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  23. 2026-10-23 05:17 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-22 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  25. 2026-10-22 07:10 UTCEG score recompute
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  1. 2026-10-21 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  2. 2026-10-21 09:04 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  4. 2026-10-20 11:00 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-19 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  6. 2026-10-19 12:53 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-18 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  8. 2026-10-18 05:40 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-17 13:20 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-16 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  11. 2026-10-15 17:08 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  13. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  14. 2026-10-14 11:06 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-13 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  16. 2026-10-12 17:13 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-11 20:45 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-11 18:55 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-11 15:33 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  21. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  22. 2026-10-08 17:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  23. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  24. 2026-10-06 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  25. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  26. 2026-10-02 18:40 UTCOSV refresh
  27. 2026-10-01 19:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  28. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  29. 2026-09-26 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  30. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  31. 2026-09-23 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  32. 2026-09-20 20:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  33. 2026-09-18 19:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  34. 2026-09-16 14:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  35. 2026-09-16 05:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  36. 2026-09-13 16:13 UTCOSV refresh
  37. 2026-09-12 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  38. 2026-09-11 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  39. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  40. 2026-09-10 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  41. 2026-09-08 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 44% · 98th percentile
  42. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 43% · 98th percentile
  43. 2026-09-04 05:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 43% · 98th percentile
  44. 2026-09-02 14:11 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 43% · 98th percentile
  45. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 43% · 98th percentile
  46. 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 43% · 98th percentile
  47. 2026-08-28 21:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 43% · 98th percentile
  48. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  49. 2026-08-26 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  50. 2026-08-25 17:39 UTCOSV refresh
  51. 2026-08-25 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  52. 2026-08-24 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  53. 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  54. 2026-08-21 23:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  55. 2026-08-19 17:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  56. 2026-08-18 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  57. 2026-08-17 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  58. 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  59. 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  60. 2026-08-15 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  61. 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  62. 2026-08-12 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  63. 2026-08-09 09:44 UTCOSV refresh
  64. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  65. 2026-08-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  66. 2026-08-05 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  67. 2026-08-03 10:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
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  69. 2026-07-30 16:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  70. 2026-07-30 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  71. 2026-07-28 15:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile
  72. 2026-07-26 14:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 41% · 98th percentile

Publicly available exploits

(4 references)

Public exploit code is referenced for this CVE (4 GitHub PoCs). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly.

  • GitHub PoCF5-Labs/parquet-canary-exploit-rce-poc-CVE-2025-30065
    Published Apr 23, 2025
    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCmouadk/parquet-rce-poc-CVE-2025-30065
    Published Apr 7, 2025
    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCbjornhels/CVE-2025-30065
    Published Apr 4, 2025

    PoC

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCh3st4k3r/CVE-2025-30065
    Published Apr 4, 2025

    This PoC targets CVE-2025-30065, an RCE vulnerability in Apache Parquet via Avro schema deserialization. It abuses the getDefaultValue() mechanism to instantiate arbitrary record types during parsing, enabling code execution when untrusted data is processed without proper controls.

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-30065?
CVE-2025-30065 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on April 1, 2025. Schema parsing in the parquet-avro module of Apache Parquet 1.15.0 and previous versions allows bad actors to execute arbitrary code Users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.15.1, which fixes the issue.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-30065 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-30065 was published on April 1, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of July 28, 2025; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-30065 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-30065 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 44% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (98th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-30065?
CVE-2025-30065 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-30065?
A fix for CVE-2025-30065 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

Dependency Blast Radius

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