CVE-2025-24472

CRITICALPre-NVD 8.19.0
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“▲” beside the score: it is higher than the CVSS score beside it.

Score elevated to 9.0 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2025-03-18), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. A secondary CVSS source baseline 8.1 retained for reference (NVD's own analysis pending). The 9.0 is the floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: this CVE's impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 8.1 HIGH under GitHub Security Advisory CVSS. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source
Trending — 3 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild

Also known asEUVD-2025-3725 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV) — the reason this is sooner than the SSVC decision on this page at low or medium mission impact
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 7.2%CVSS: 8.1Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

Upgrade to FortiOS version 7.0.17 or above (from the CVE record's solution, Fortinet, Inc.) — apply it.

An Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel vulnerability [CWE-288] affecting FortiOS 7.0.0 through 7.0.16 and FortiProxy 7.2.0 through 7.2.12, 7.0.0 through 7.0.19 may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker with prior knowledge of upstream and downstream devices serial numbers to gain super-admin privileges on the downstream device, if the Security Fabric is enabled, via crafted CSF proxy requests.

CVSS v3
8.1
EG Score
9.0CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
76
EG Risk 76/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity81% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 8.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation100% × 40%
Fixed at 100% for a CISA KEV listing: EchelonGraph's rule.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low, Attend at medium and Act at high mission impact.
Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: Upgrade to FortiOS version 7.0.17 or above (from the CVE record's solution, Fortinet, Inc.). Apply it within your standard update timelines at low, sooner than that at medium and as soon as possible at high mission impact.
EPSS PROB
7.2%
EPSS %ILE
94th
KEV
⚠ Exploited

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.0 is the CISA KEV floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: its impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 8.1 HIGH.

EG Severity
8.1 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
7.2% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
CISA KEV and EG-KEV Tier 1 (exploited in the wild)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Attend at medium mission impactTrack at low, Attend at medium and Act at high mission impact.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days & forensic triage if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low, Attend at medium and Act at high mission impact.

Upgrade to FortiOS version 7.0.17 or above (from the CVE record's solution, Fortinet, Inc.). Apply it within your standard update timelines at low, sooner than that at medium and as soon as possible at high mission impact.

Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days & forensic triage if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV yes (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

CISA required action“Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.”

Quoted verbatim from CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. CISA directs it at US federal civilian executive branch agencies under Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 26-04, which replaced BOD 22-01 on 10 June 2026; it is not EchelonGraph's advice. CISA's notes: https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-535 · https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24472

Published

February 11, 2025

Last Modified

August 5, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Oct 26, 2026
⚠️ Actively exploited (CISA KEV, CISA Vulnrichment). Fix named in the CVE record's solution (Fortinet, Inc.). Sources: cisa.
CISA🔴 Active Exploitation

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA. Listed in CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-24472

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 20× in last 7d / 135× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 1,160 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 1,060 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-01 19:39 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-11-01 19:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  3. 2026-10-31 21:15 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-31 21:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  5. 2026-10-31 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  6. 2026-10-30 22:52 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-30 22:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  8. 2026-10-30 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  9. 2026-10-30 00:29 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-30 00:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  11. 2026-10-29 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  12. 2026-10-29 02:05 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-29 02:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  14. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  15. 2026-10-28 03:40 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-28 03:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  17. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  18. 2026-10-27 05:14 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-27 05:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  20. 2026-10-26 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  21. 2026-10-26 06:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  22. 2026-10-25 16:40 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-25 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  24. 2026-10-25 08:26 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-25 08:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-24 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  2. 2026-10-24 10:02 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-24 10:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  4. 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  5. 2026-10-23 11:36 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-23 11:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  7. 2026-10-22 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  8. 2026-10-22 13:13 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-22 13:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  10. 2026-10-21 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  11. 2026-10-21 14:49 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-21 14:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  13. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  14. 2026-10-20 16:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  15. 2026-10-19 18:01 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-19 18:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  17. 2026-10-19 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  18. 2026-10-18 19:37 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-18 19:37 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  20. 2026-10-18 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  21. 2026-10-18 05:43 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-17 21:12 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-17 21:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  24. 2026-10-17 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  25. 2026-10-16 22:48 UTCEG score recompute
  26. 2026-10-16 22:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  27. 2026-10-16 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  28. 2026-10-16 00:24 UTCEG score recompute
  29. 2026-10-16 00:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  30. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  31. 2026-10-15 01:59 UTCEG score recompute
  32. 2026-10-15 01:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  33. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  34. 2026-10-14 03:36 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-10-14 03:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  36. 2026-10-13 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  37. 2026-10-13 05:11 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  38. 2026-10-12 17:16 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-10-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  40. 2026-10-12 06:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  41. 2026-10-12 02:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  42. 2026-10-11 22:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  43. 2026-10-11 20:48 UTCEG score recompute
  44. 2026-10-11 18:45 UTCEG score recompute
  45. 2026-10-11 18:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  46. 2026-10-11 14:44 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-10-11 14:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  48. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  49. 2026-10-11 10:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  50. 2026-10-11 06:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  51. 2026-10-11 02:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  52. 2026-10-10 22:42 UTCEG score recompute
  53. 2026-10-10 22:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  54. 2026-10-10 19:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  55. 2026-10-10 18:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  56. 2026-10-10 14:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  57. 2026-10-10 10:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  58. 2026-10-10 06:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  59. 2026-10-10 02:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  60. 2026-10-09 22:46 UTCEG score recompute
  61. 2026-10-09 22:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  62. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  63. 2026-10-09 18:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  64. 2026-10-09 14:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  65. 2026-10-09 10:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  66. 2026-10-09 06:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  67. 2026-10-09 02:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  68. 2026-10-08 22:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  69. 2026-10-08 18:46 UTCEG score recompute
  70. 2026-10-08 18:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  71. 2026-10-08 17:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 7.2% · 94th percentile
  72. 2026-10-08 14:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  73. 2026-10-08 10:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  74. 2026-10-08 06:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rp3f-whm7-36hq · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  75. 2026-10-08 02:44 UTCEG score recompute

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2025-24472?
CVE-2025-24472 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on February 11, 2025. An Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel vulnerability [CWE-288] affecting FortiOS 7.0.0 through 7.0.16 and FortiProxy 7.2.0 through 7.2.12, 7.0.0 through 7.0.19 may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker with prior knowledge of upstream and downstream devices serial numbers to…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-24472 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-24472 was published on February 11, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of August 5, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-24472 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2025-24472 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on March 18, 2025, affecting Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate attention. Upgrade to FortiOS version 7.0.17 or above (from the CVE record's solution, Fortinet, Inc.). Apply it.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-24472?
CVE-2025-24472 has a CVSS base score of 8.1 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending). EchelonGraph synthesises a secondary CVSS source + CISA KEV + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 9.0 (CRITICAL).
Which products are affected by CVE-2025-24472?
CVE-2025-24472 affects Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy.
How do I remediate CVE-2025-24472?
The CVE record's solution for CVE-2025-24472, written by its CNA Fortinet, Inc., names the fix: "Upgrade to FortiOS version 7.0.17 or above".

Dependency Blast Radius

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