CVE-2025-24201

CRITICALNVD 10.010.0
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score elevated to 10.0 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2025-03-13), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 10.0 retained for reference. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 4 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild

Also known asEUVD-2025-6302 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

10.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV) — the reason this is sooner than the SSVC decision on this page at low mission impact
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 3.8%CVSS: 10.0Exploit: Public PoCExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved checks to prevent unauthorized actions. This issue is fixed in Safari 18.3.1, iOS 15.8.4 and iPadOS 15.8.4, iOS 16.7.11 and iPadOS 16.7.11, iOS 18.3.2 and iPadOS 18.3.2, iPadOS 17.7.6, macOS Sequoia 15.3.2, visionOS 2.3.2, watchOS 11.4. Maliciously crafted web content may be able to break out of Web Content sandbox. This is a supplementary fix for an attack that was blocked in iOS 17.2. (Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on versions of iOS before iOS 17.2.).

CVSS v3
10.0
EG Score
10.0CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
100
EG Risk 100/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity100% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 10.0 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation100% × 40%
Fixed at 100% for a CISA KEV listing: EchelonGraph's rule.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Attend at low mission impact; Act at medium or high.
Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it sooner than your standard update timelines at low mission impact and as soon as possible at medium or high.
EPSS PROB
3.8%
EPSS %ILE
90th
KEV
⚠ Exploited

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (10.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 10.0 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
10.0 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
3.8% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
CISA KEV and EG-KEV Tier 1 (exploited in the wild)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Act at medium mission impactAttend at low mission impact; Act at medium or high.CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days & forensic triage if the affected system is publicly exposed; 3 days & forensic triage if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Attend at low mission impact; Act at medium or high.

A fix is available. Apply it sooner than your standard update timelines at low mission impact and as soon as possible at medium or high.

Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days & forensic triage if the affected system is publicly exposed; 3 days & forensic triage if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV yes (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

CISA required action“Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.”

Quoted verbatim from CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. CISA directs it at US federal civilian executive branch agencies under Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 26-04, which replaced BOD 22-01 on 10 June 2026; it is not EchelonGraph's advice. CISA's notes: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122281 · https://support.apple.com/en-us/122283 · https://support.apple.com/en-us/122284 · https://support.apple.com/en-us/122285 · https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24201

Published

March 11, 2025

Last Modified

April 3, 2026

Advisory Details (10)

Auto-updated Nov 1, 2026
⚠️ Actively exploited (CISA KEV, CISA Vulnrichment). Patch available.
Web page

Full Disclosure: APPLE-SA-03-31-2025-6 iOS 15.8.4 and iPadOS 15.8.4

http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/7
Web page

Full Disclosure: Re: APPLE-SA-03-11-2025-2 iOS 18.3.2 and iPadOS 18.3.2

http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/16
Web page

About the security content of watchOS 11.4 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122376
Web page

About the security content of iPadOS 17.7.6 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122372
Web page

About the security content of iOS 16.7.11 and iPadOS 16.7.11 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122346
Web page

About the security content of iOS 15.8.4 and iPadOS 15.8.4 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122345
Web page

About the security content of Safari 18.3.1 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122285
Web page

About the security content of visionOS 2.3.2 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122284
Web page

About the security content of macOS Sequoia 15.3.2 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122283
Web page

About the security content of iOS 18.3.2 and iPadOS 18.3.2 - Apple Support

https://support.apple.com/en-us/122281

Patch Availability(11)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntuwebkitgtk-webdriver (2.48.0-0ubuntu0.24.10.1) @ oracular2026-11-02ubuntu
redhatwebkitgtk4-0:2.48.3-2.el7_92025-07-07redhat
redhatwebkit2gtk3-0:2.46.6-2.el8_62025-03-19redhat
redhatwebkit2gtk3-0:2.46.6-2.el9_02025-03-18redhat
redhatwebkit2gtk3-0:2.46.6-2.el8_82025-03-18redhat
redhatwebkit2gtk3-0:2.46.6-2.el9_42025-03-18redhat
redhatwebkit2gtk3-0:2.46.6-2.el8_42025-03-18redhat
redhatwebkit2gtk3-0:2.46.6-2.el8_22025-03-18redhat
redhatwebkit2gtk3-0:2.46.6-2.el9_22025-03-18redhat
redhatwebkit2gtk3-0:2.46.6-2.el8_102025-03-17redhat
redhatwebkit2gtk3-0:2.46.6-2.el9_52025-03-17redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(9 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:12(3)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
chromium113.0.5672.126-1 ... 134.0.6998.35-3 (198 versions)
  • every version up to 134.0.6998.88-1~deb12u1: fixed in 134.0.6998.88-1~deb12u1
—
webkit2gtk2.40.1-1 ... 2.47.90-1 (95 versions)
  • every version up to 2.48.0-1~deb12u1: fixed in 2.48.0-1~deb12u1
—
wpewebkit2.38.6-1 ... 2.52.6-1 (54 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:11(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
webkit2gtk2.32.3-1 ... 2.48.2-1 (190 versions)
  • every version up to 2.48.3-1~deb11u1: fixed in 2.48.3-1~deb11u1
—
wpewebkit2.32.3-2 ... 2.52.5-1 (90 versions)
  • every version on: no fix on record
—
Debian:13(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
webkit2gtk—
  • every version up to 2.48.0-1: fixed in 2.48.0-1
—
wpewebkit—
  • every version up to 2.48.0-1: fixed in 2.48.0-1
—
Debian:14(2)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
webkit2gtk—
  • every version up to 2.48.0-1: fixed in 2.48.0-1
—
wpewebkit—
  • every version up to 2.48.0-1: fixed in 2.48.0-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(1)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 25× in last 7d / 202× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 1,947 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 1,847 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-02 01:41 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-11-02 01:41 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-11-02 01:41 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  4. 2026-11-01 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 90th percentile
  5. 2026-10-31 23:24 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-31 23:24 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-10-31 23:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  8. 2026-10-31 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 90th percentile
  9. 2026-10-30 21:07 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-30 21:07 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-10-30 21:07 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  12. 2026-10-30 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 90th percentile
  13. 2026-10-29 18:50 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-29 18:50 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-10-29 18:50 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  16. 2026-10-29 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 90th percentile
  17. 2026-10-28 16:33 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-28 16:33 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-10-28 16:32 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  20. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 90th percentile
  21. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 90th percentile
  22. 2026-10-27 14:13 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-27 14:13 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-10-27 14:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  25. 2026-10-26 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 90th percentile
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-26 11:56 UTCVendor advisory
  2. 2026-10-26 11:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  3. 2026-10-25 16:40 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-25 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 90th percentile
  5. 2026-10-25 09:38 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-25 09:38 UTCVendor advisory
  7. 2026-10-25 09:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  8. 2026-10-24 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 90th percentile
  9. 2026-10-24 07:21 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-24 07:21 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-10-24 07:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  12. 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 90th percentile
  13. 2026-10-23 05:03 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-23 05:03 UTCVendor advisory
  15. 2026-10-23 05:03 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  16. 2026-10-22 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 90th percentile
  17. 2026-10-22 02:44 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-22 02:44 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-10-22 02:43 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  20. 2026-10-21 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 90th percentile
  21. 2026-10-21 00:26 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-21 00:26 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-10-21 00:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  24. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 90th percentile
  25. 2026-10-19 22:08 UTCEG score recompute
  26. 2026-10-19 22:08 UTCVendor advisory
  27. 2026-10-19 22:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  28. 2026-10-19 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 90th percentile
  29. 2026-10-18 19:48 UTCEG score recompute
  30. 2026-10-18 19:48 UTCVendor advisory
  31. 2026-10-18 19:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  32. 2026-10-18 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 90th percentile
  33. 2026-10-18 05:44 UTCEG score recompute
  34. 2026-10-17 17:31 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-10-17 17:31 UTCVendor advisory
  36. 2026-10-17 17:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  37. 2026-10-17 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 90th percentile
  38. 2026-10-16 16:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 89th percentile
  39. 2026-10-16 15:12 UTCEG score recompute
  40. 2026-10-16 15:12 UTCVendor advisory
  41. 2026-10-16 15:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  42. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 89th percentile
  43. 2026-10-15 12:53 UTCEG score recompute
  44. 2026-10-15 12:53 UTCVendor advisory
  45. 2026-10-15 12:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  46. 2026-10-14 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 89th percentile
  47. 2026-10-14 10:34 UTCEG score recompute
  48. 2026-10-14 10:34 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-10-14 10:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  50. 2026-10-13 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 89th percentile
  51. 2026-10-13 08:15 UTCVendor advisory
  52. 2026-10-13 08:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  53. 2026-10-12 17:17 UTCEG score recompute
  54. 2026-10-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 89th percentile
  55. 2026-10-12 05:58 UTCVendor advisory
  56. 2026-10-12 05:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  57. 2026-10-12 01:48 UTCVendor advisory
  58. 2026-10-12 01:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  59. 2026-10-11 21:38 UTCVendor advisory
  60. 2026-10-11 21:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  61. 2026-10-11 20:48 UTCEG score recompute
  62. 2026-10-11 17:28 UTCEG score recompute
  63. 2026-10-11 17:28 UTCVendor advisory
  64. 2026-10-11 17:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  65. 2026-10-11 15:37 UTCEG score recompute
  66. 2026-10-11 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 3.8% · 89th percentile
  67. 2026-10-11 13:15 UTCEG score recompute
  68. 2026-10-11 13:15 UTCVendor advisory
  69. 2026-10-11 13:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  70. 2026-10-11 09:05 UTCVendor advisory
  71. 2026-10-11 09:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  72. 2026-10-11 04:54 UTCVendor advisory
  73. 2026-10-11 04:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1
  74. 2026-10-11 00:45 UTCVendor advisory
  75. 2026-10-11 00:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-2j99-5q75-3f57 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 7.1

Publicly available exploits

(2 references)

Public exploit code is referenced for this CVE (2 GitHub PoCs). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly.

  • GitHub PoC5ky9uy/glass-cage-i18-2025-24085-and-cve-2025-24201
    Published Aug 30, 2025

    Glass Cage is a zero-click PNG-based RCE chain in iOS 18.2.1, exploiting WebKit (CVE-2025-24201) and Core Media (CVE-2025-24085) to achieve sandbox escape, kernel-level access, and device bricking. Triggered via iMessage, it enables full compromise with no user interaction.

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCThe-Maxu/CVE-2025-24201-WebKit-Vulnerability-Detector-PoC-
    Published Jul 11, 2025

    CVE-2025-24201 WebKit Vulnerability Detector (PoC)

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2025-24201?
CVE-2025-24201 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on March 11, 2025. An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved checks to prevent unauthorized actions. This issue is fixed in Safari 18.3.1, iOS 15.8.4 and iPadOS 15.8.4, iOS 16.7.11 and iPadOS 16.7.11, iOS 18.3.2 and iPadOS 18.3.2, iPadOS 17.7.6, macOS Sequoia 15.3.2, visionOS 2.3.2, watchOS 11.4.…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2025-24201 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2025-24201 was published on March 11, 2025. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of April 3, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-24201 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2025-24201 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on March 13, 2025, affecting Apple Multiple Products. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate attention. A fix is available. Apply it.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-24201?
CVE-2025-24201 has a CVSS v3 base score of 10.0 (NVD).
Which products are affected by CVE-2025-24201?
CVE-2025-24201 affects Apple Multiple Products. The affected packages EchelonGraph has on record, with version ranges, are listed in the Affected Packages section of this page.
How do I remediate CVE-2025-24201?
A fix for CVE-2025-24201 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-24201 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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