CVE-2025-11411

MEDIUMNVD 5.75.7
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This medium-severity CVE scores 5.7 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.3% (26th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, NVD CVSS v3

Also known asEUVD-2025-35360 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-6w73-x38p-26g5 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

5.7EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.3%CVSS: 5.7Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Fixed versions, as the CVE record's CNA (NLnet Labs) states them: "This issue is fixed in 1.24.2 and all later versions."

NLnet Labs Unbound up to and including version 1.24.1 is vulnerable to possible domain hijack attacks. Promiscuous NS RRSets that complement positive DNS replies in the authority section can be used to trick resolvers to update their delegation information for the zone. Usually these RRSets are used to update the resolver's knowledge of the zone's name servers. A malicious actor can exploit the possible poisonous effect by injecting NS RRSets (and possibly their respective address records) in a reply. This could be done for example by trying to spoof a packet or fragmentation attacks. Unbound would then proceed to update the NS RRSet data it already has since the new data has enough trust for it, i.e., in-zone data for the delegation point. Unbound 1.24.1 includes a fix that scrubs unsolicited NS RRSets (and their respective address records) from replies mitigating the possible poison effect. Unbound 1.24.2 includes an additional fix that scrubs unsolicited NS RRSets (and their respective address records) from YXDOMAIN and non-referral nodata replies, further mitigating the possible poison effect.

CVSS v3
5.7
EG Score
5.7MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
26
EG Risk 26/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity57% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 5.7 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.3% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.3%
EPSS %ILE
26th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (5.7): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 5.7 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
5.7 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
0.3% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-25). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

October 22, 2025

Last Modified

October 8, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Oct 8, 2026
Patch available.
Web pageMentions a patch (unverified)

[SECURITY] [DLA 4365-2] unbound security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/11/msg00032.html
Web pageMentions a patch (unverified)

[SECURITY] [DLA 4365-1] unbound security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/11/msg00008.html
Web page

oss-security - Unbound: 1.24.2 addresses CVE-2025-11411 (again)

http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/11/26/4
Web page
https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/unbound/CVE-2025-11411.txt

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-11411(4)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(5)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntuunbound-host (1.22.0-2ubuntu2.1) @ questing2026-10-24ubuntu
ubuntuunbound-host (1.22.0-2ubuntu2.2) @ questing2026-10-24ubuntu
redhatunbound-0:1.24.2-2.el92026-05-19redhat
redhatunbound-0:1.24.2-7.el102026-05-19redhat
redhatunbound-main-1.24.2-11.1.hum12026-04-11redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(10 across 10 ecosystems)
Alpine:v3.19(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
unbound—
  • every version up to 1.20.0-r2: fixed in 1.20.0-r2
—
Alpine:v3.20(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
unbound—
  • every version up to 1.20.0-r2: fixed in 1.20.0-r2
—
Alpine:v3.21(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
unbound—
  • every version up to 1.22.0-r1: fixed in 1.22.0-r1
—
Alpine:v3.22(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
unbound—
  • every version up to 1.23.1-r1: fixed in 1.23.1-r1
—
Alpine:v3.23(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
unbound—
  • every version up to 1.24.1-r0: fixed in 1.24.1-r0
—
Alpine:v3.24(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
unbound—
  • every version up to 1.24.1-r0: fixed in 1.24.1-r0
—
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
unbound1.13.1-1 ... 1.13.1-1+deb11u6 (7 versions)
  • every version up to 1.13.1-1+deb11u6: fixed in 1.13.1-1+deb11u6
  • every version up to 1.13.1-1+deb11u7: fixed in 1.13.1-1+deb11u7
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
unbound1.17.1-2, 1.17.1-2+deb12u1, 1.17.1-2+deb12u2, 1.17.1-2+deb12u3
  • every version up to 1.17.1-2+deb12u4: fixed in 1.17.1-2+deb12u4
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
unbound1.22.0-2
  • every version up to 1.22.0-2+deb13u1: fixed in 1.22.0-2+deb13u1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
unbound1.22.0-2 ... 1.24.1-2 (6 versions)
  • every version up to 1.24.2-1: fixed in 1.24.2-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(2)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 7× in last 7d / 41× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 95 of 221 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 5 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 126 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-01 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  2. 2026-10-31 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  3. 2026-10-30 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  4. 2026-10-29 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  5. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  6. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  7. 2026-10-26 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  8. 2026-10-25 16:48 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-25 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  10. 2026-10-24 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  11. 2026-10-24 01:56 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-24 01:56 UTCVendor advisory
  13. 2026-10-24 01:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6w73-x38p-26g5
  14. 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  15. 2026-10-22 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  16. 2026-10-21 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  17. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  18. 2026-10-19 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  19. 2026-10-18 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  20. 2026-10-18 05:52 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-17 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  22. 2026-10-16 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  23. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  24. 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  25. 2026-10-13 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
Show 70 more
  1. 2026-10-12 17:26 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  3. 2026-10-11 20:56 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-11 19:06 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-11 15:47 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-11 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  7. 2026-10-10 19:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  8. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  9. 2026-10-08 17:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  10. 2026-10-08 11:33 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-08 11:33 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-10-08 11:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-6w73-x38p-26g5
  13. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  14. 2026-10-06 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  15. 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  16. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  17. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  18. 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  19. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  20. 2026-09-29 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  21. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  22. 2026-09-27 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  23. 2026-09-26 15:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  24. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  25. 2026-09-23 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  26. 2026-09-22 14:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  27. 2026-09-20 20:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  28. 2026-09-19 15:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  29. 2026-09-18 19:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  30. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  31. 2026-09-16 05:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  32. 2026-09-15 03:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  33. 2026-09-13 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  34. 2026-09-12 14:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  35. 2026-09-11 14:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  36. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  37. 2026-09-10 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  38. 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  39. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  40. 2026-09-04 13:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  41. 2026-09-04 05:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  42. 2026-09-02 14:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  43. 2026-09-01 13:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  44. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  45. 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  46. 2026-08-28 21:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  47. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  48. 2026-08-26 14:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  49. 2026-08-25 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  50. 2026-08-24 14:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  51. 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  52. 2026-08-21 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  53. 2026-08-20 22:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  54. 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  55. 2026-08-18 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  56. 2026-08-17 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  57. 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  58. 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  59. 2026-08-15 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  60. 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  61. 2026-08-12 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  62. 2026-08-10 23:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  63. 2026-08-09 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  64. 2026-08-07 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  65. 2026-08-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  66. 2026-08-05 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  67. 2026-08-04 15:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  68. 2026-08-04 10:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  69. 2026-08-01 04:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  70. 2026-07-30 16:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile

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redhat:RHSA-2026:18556

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-11411?
CVE-2025-11411 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on October 22, 2025. NLnet Labs Unbound up to and including version 1.24.1 is vulnerable to possible domain hijack attacks. Promiscuous NS RRSets that complement positive DNS replies in the authority section can be used to trick resolvers to update their delegation information for the zone. Usually these RRSets are…
When was CVE-2025-11411 made public?
CVE-2025-11411 was made public on October 22, 2025: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, NLnet Labs, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on October 22, 2025. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 8, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-11411 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-11411 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.3% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (26th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-11411?
CVE-2025-11411 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.7 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-11411?
A fix for CVE-2025-11411 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. Fixed versions, as the CVE record's CNA (NLnet Labs) states them: "This issue is fixed in 1.24.2 and all later versions." The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-11411 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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