CVE-2025-0677

MEDIUMPre-NVD 6.46.4
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to the CVSS score beside it.

Score 6.4 from GitHub Security Advisory published 2025-02-19. A secondary CVSS source baseline 6.4; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, a secondary CVSS source

Also known asEUVD-2025-4654 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-h592-gmp8-rvr7 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

6.4EG
EchelonGraph verdictMonitorRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • Lower severity and no public exploit yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.3%CVSS: 6.4Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

A flaw was found in grub2. When performing a symlink lookup, the grub's UFS module checks the inode's data size to allocate the internal buffer to read the file content, however, it fails to check if the symlink data size has overflown. When this occurs, grub_malloc() may be called with a smaller value than needed. When further reading the data from the disk into the buffer, the grub_ufs_lookup_symlink() function will write past the end of the allocated size. An attack can leverage this by crafting a malicious filesystem, and as a result, it will corrupt data stored in the heap, allowing for arbitrary code execution used to by-pass secure boot mechanisms.

CVSS v3
6.4
EG Score
6.4MEDIUMmedium confidence
EG Risk
29
EG Risk 29/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity64% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 6.4 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.3% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
0.3%
EPSS %ILE
25th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (6.4): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 6.4 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
6.4 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
0.3% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-25). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

February 19, 2025

Last Modified

October 21, 2026

Advisory Details (5)

Auto-updated Jun 25, 2026
Patch available. Sources: redhat.
Web page

[SECURITY PATCH 00/73] GRUB2 vulnerabilities - 2025/02/18

https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/grub-devel/2025-02/msg00024.html
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

2346116 – (CVE-2025-0677) CVE-2025-0677 grub2: UFS: Integer overflow may lead to heap based out-of-bounds write when handling symlinks

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2346116
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

cve-details

https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-0677
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:6990
Red HatMentions a patch (unverified)

Affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:16154

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-0677(3)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(2)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
redhatgrub2-1:2.12-15.el10_02025-09-18redhat
redhatgrub2-1:2.06-104.el9_62025-05-13redhat

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(4 across 4 ecosystems)
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
grub22.04-20 ... 2.06-3~deb11u6 (20 versions)
  • every version up to 2.06-3~deb11u7: fixed in 2.06-3~deb11u7
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
grub22.06-13, 2.06-13+deb12u1
  • every version up to 2.06-13+deb12u2: fixed in 2.06-13+deb12u2
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
grub2—
  • every version up to 2.12-6: fixed in 2.12-6
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
grub2—
  • every version up to 2.12-6: fixed in 2.12-6
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 49× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 96 of 236 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 4 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 140 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-01 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  2. 2026-10-31 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  3. 2026-10-30 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  4. 2026-10-29 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  5. 2026-10-29 12:55 UTCOSV refresh
  6. 2026-10-28 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  7. 2026-10-27 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  8. 2026-10-26 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  9. 2026-10-25 16:49 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-25 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  11. 2026-10-24 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  12. 2026-10-23 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  13. 2026-10-22 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  14. 2026-10-21 21:35 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-21 21:35 UTCVendor advisory
  16. 2026-10-21 21:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h592-gmp8-rvr7 · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  17. 2026-10-21 20:26 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-21 20:26 UTCVendor advisory
  19. 2026-10-21 20:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h592-gmp8-rvr7 · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  20. 2026-10-21 17:28 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-21 17:28 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-10-21 17:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h592-gmp8-rvr7 · GitHub CVSS 6.4
  23. 2026-10-21 17:13 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-21 17:13 UTCVendor advisory
  25. 2026-10-21 17:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-h592-gmp8-rvr7 · GitHub CVSS 6.4
Show 71 more
  1. 2026-10-21 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  2. 2026-10-20 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  3. 2026-10-19 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  4. 2026-10-18 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  5. 2026-10-18 05:53 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-17 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  7. 2026-10-16 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  8. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  9. 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  10. 2026-10-13 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  11. 2026-10-12 17:28 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-12 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 24th percentile
  13. 2026-10-11 20:58 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-11 19:08 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-11 15:49 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-11 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  17. 2026-10-10 19:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  18. 2026-10-09 20:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  19. 2026-10-08 17:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  20. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  21. 2026-10-07 00:35 UTCOSV refresh
  22. 2026-10-06 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  23. 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  24. 2026-10-04 23:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  25. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  26. 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  27. 2026-09-30 15:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  28. 2026-09-29 15:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  29. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  30. 2026-09-27 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  31. 2026-09-26 15:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  32. 2026-09-24 14:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 23rd percentile
  33. 2026-09-23 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  34. 2026-09-22 14:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  35. 2026-09-20 20:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  36. 2026-09-19 15:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  37. 2026-09-18 19:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 26th percentile
  38. 2026-09-17 06:20 UTCOSV refresh
  39. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  40. 2026-09-16 05:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  41. 2026-09-15 03:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  42. 2026-09-13 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  43. 2026-09-12 14:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  44. 2026-09-11 14:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  45. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  46. 2026-09-10 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  47. 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  48. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  49. 2026-09-04 13:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  50. 2026-09-04 05:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  51. 2026-09-02 14:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  52. 2026-09-01 13:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  53. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  54. 2026-08-30 01:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  55. 2026-08-29 06:43 UTCOSV refresh
  56. 2026-08-28 21:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  57. 2026-08-27 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  58. 2026-08-26 14:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  59. 2026-08-25 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  60. 2026-08-24 14:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  61. 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  62. 2026-08-21 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  63. 2026-08-20 22:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  64. 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  65. 2026-08-18 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  66. 2026-08-17 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  67. 2026-08-16 14:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  68. 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  69. 2026-08-15 01:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  70. 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.3% · 25th percentile
  71. 2026-08-12 18:13 UTCOSV refresh

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2025-0677?
CVE-2025-0677 is a medium-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on February 19, 2025. A flaw was found in grub2. When performing a symlink lookup, the grub's UFS module checks the inode's data size to allocate the internal buffer to read the file content, however, it fails to check if the symlink data size has overflown. When this occurs, grub_malloc() may be called with a smaller…
When was CVE-2025-0677 made public?
CVE-2025-0677 was made public on February 18, 2025: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, Red Hat, Inc., gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on February 19, 2025. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of October 21, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2025-0677 actively exploited?
CVE-2025-0677 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.3% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (25th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-0677?
CVE-2025-0677 has a CVSS base score of 6.4 (a secondary CVSS source that NVD displays; NVD's own analysis pending).
How do I remediate CVE-2025-0677?
A fix for CVE-2025-0677 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2025-0677 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

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