In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net/mlx5: Discard command completions in internal error
Fix use after free when FW completion arrives while device is in
internal error state. Avoid calling completion handler in this case,
since the device will flush the command interface and trigger all
completions manually.
Kernel log:
------------[ cut here ]------------
refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.
...
RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xd8/0xe0
...
Call Trace:
? __warn+0x79/0x120
? refcount_warn_saturate+0xd8/0xe0
? report_bug+0x17c/0x190
? handle_bug+0x3c/0x60
? exc_invalid_op+0x14/0x70
? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x16/0x20
? refcount_warn_saturate+0xd8/0xe0
cmd_ent_put+0x13b/0x160 [mlx5_core]
mlx5_cmd_comp_handler+0x5f9/0x670 [mlx5_core]
cmd_comp_notifier+0x1f/0x30 [mlx5_core]
notifier_call_chain+0x35/0xb0
atomic_notifier_call_chain+0x16/0x20
mlx5_eq_async_int+0xf6/0x290 [mlx5_core]
notifier_call_chain+0x35/0xb0
atomic_notifier_call_chain+0x16/0x20
irq_int_handler+0x19/0x30 [mlx5_core]
__handle_irq_event_percpu+0x4b/0x160
handle_irq_event+0x2e/0x80
handle_edge_irq+0x98/0x230
__common_interrupt+0x3b/0xa0
common_interrupt+0x7b/0xa0
asm_common_interrupt+0x22/0x40
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (7.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 7.8 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
- EG Likelihood
- 0.3% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-27). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.
A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.
The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it