CVE-2024-36904

HIGHNVD 7.87.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This high-severity CVE scores 7.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.3%, top 43% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
7.8
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 1%CVSS: 7.8Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

tcp: Use refcount_inc_not_zero() in tcp_twsk_unique().

Anderson Nascimento reported a use-after-free splat in tcp_twsk_unique() with nice analysis.

Since commit ec94c2696f0b ("tcp/dccp: avoid one atomic operation for timewait hashdance"), inet_twsk_hashdance() sets TIME-WAIT socket's sk_refcnt after putting it into ehash and releasing the bucket lock.

Thus, there is a small race window where other threads could try to reuse the port during connect() and call sock_hold() in tcp_twsk_unique() for the TIME-WAIT socket with zero refcnt.

If that happens, the refcnt taken by tcp_twsk_unique() is overwritten and sock_put() will cause underflow, triggering a real use-after-free somewhere else.

To avoid the use-after-free, we need to use refcount_inc_not_zero() in tcp_twsk_unique() and give up on reusing the port if it returns false.

[0]: refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 1039313 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0xe5/0x110 CPU: 0 PID: 1039313 Comm: trigger Not tainted 6.8.6-200.fc39.x86_64 #1 Hardware name: VMware, Inc. VMware20,1/440BX Desktop Reference Platform, BIOS VMW201.00V.21805430.B64.2305221830 05/22/2023 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xe5/0x110 Code: 42 8e ff 0f 0b c3 cc cc cc cc 80 3d aa 13 ea 01 00 0f 85 5e ff ff ff 48 c7 c7 f8 8e b7 82 c6 05 96 13 ea 01 01 e8 7b 42 8e ff <0f> 0b c3 cc cc cc cc 48 c7 c7 50 8f b7 82 c6 05 7a 13 ea 01 01 e8 RSP: 0018:ffffc90006b43b60 EFLAGS: 00010282 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff888009bb3ef0 RCX: 0000000000000027 RDX: ffff88807be218c8 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffff88807be218c0 RBP: 0000000000069d70 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffc90006b439f0 R10: ffffc90006b439e8 R11: 0000000000000003 R12: ffff8880029ede84 R13: 0000000000004e20 R14: ffffffff84356dc0 R15: ffff888009bb3ef0 FS: 00007f62c10926c0(0000) GS:ffff88807be00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000000020ccb000 CR3: 000000004628c005 CR4: 0000000000f70ef0 PKRU: 55555554 Call Trace: ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xe5/0x110 ? __warn+0x81/0x130 ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xe5/0x110 ? report_bug+0x171/0x1a0 ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xe5/0x110 ? handle_bug+0x3c/0x80 ? exc_invalid_op+0x17/0x70 ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1a/0x20 ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xe5/0x110 tcp_twsk_unique+0x186/0x190 __inet_check_established+0x176/0x2d0 __inet_hash_connect+0x74/0x7d0 ? __pfx___inet_check_established+0x10/0x10 tcp_v4_connect+0x278/0x530 __inet_stream_connect+0x10f/0x3d0 inet_stream_connect+0x3a/0x60 __sys_connect+0xa8/0xd0 __x64_sys_connect+0x18/0x20 do_syscall_64+0x83/0x170 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x78/0x80 RIP: 0033:0x7f62c11a885d Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 90 f3 0f 1e fa 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d a3 45 0c 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f62c1091e58 EFLAGS: 00000296 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000002a RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000020ccb004 RCX: 00007f62c11a885d RDX: 0000000000000010 RSI: 0000000020ccb000 RDI: 0000000000000003 RBP: 00007f62c1091e90 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000296 R12: 00007f62c10926c0 R13: ffffffffffffff88 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 00007ffe237885b0

CVSS v3
7.8
EG Score
7.8(medium)
EG Risk
—
EPSS
45.7%
KEV
Not listed

Published

May 30, 2024

Last Modified

May 12, 2026

References (22)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2024-36904(7)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(25)

Vendor / EcosystemFixed in / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi (6.8.0-1009.10) @ noble2026-05-22ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-lts-20.04 (5.4.0.1135.129) @ focal2026-05-22ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-24.04-edge (6.8.0-40.40) @ noble2026-05-22ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-lts-20.04 (5.4.0.1129.122) @ focal2026-05-22ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-20.04-edge (5.15.0.118.118) @ jammy2026-05-22ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-edge (5.4.0.1135.142~18.04.1) @ bionic2026-05-22ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-hwe-18.04-edge (5.4.0.1114.126~18.04.1) @ bionic2026-05-22ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-bluefield (5.4.0.1090.86) @ focal2026-05-22ubuntu
ubuntulinux-virtual-hwe-20.04-edge (5.15.0.118.128~20.04.1) @ focal2026-05-22ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-64k (6.8.0-1010.10) @ noble2026-05-22ubuntu
ubuntulinux-xilinx-zynqmp-tools-host (5.15.0-1035.39) @ jammy2026-05-22ubuntu
ubuntulinux-xilinx-zynqmp-tools-5.4.0-1049 (5.4.0-1049.53) @ focal2026-05-22ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-raspi-nolpae (5.15.0.1060.58) @ jammy2026-05-22ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oem-24.04a (6.8.0-1010.10) @ noble2026-05-22ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-edge (5.15.0.1065.71~20.04.1) @ focal2026-05-22ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-azure-lts-22.04 (5.15.0.1070.68) @ jammy2026-05-22ubuntu
ubuntulinux-tools-oracle-lts-22.04 (5.15.0.1065.61) @ jammy2026-05-22ubuntu
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-477.70.1.el8_82024-09-03redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-372.119.1.el8_62024-08-21redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:4.18.0-553.16.1.rt7.357.el8_102024-08-08redhat
redhatkernel-0:4.18.0-553.16.1.el8_102024-08-08redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-284.75.1.el9_22024-07-24redhat
redhatkernel-rt-0:5.14.0-284.75.1.rt14.360.el9_22024-07-24redhat
redhatkernel-0:5.14.0-427.26.1.el9_42024-07-17redhat
linuxKernel @ 4.19.314—osv

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(17)

Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 45× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 119 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-22 14:07 UTCEPSS rescore
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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2024-36904?
CVE-2024-36904 is a high vulnerability published on May 30, 2024. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tcp: Use refcountincnotzero() in tcptwsk_unique(). Anderson Nascimento reported a use-after-free splat in tcptwskunique() with nice analysis. Since commit ec94c2696f0b ("tcp/dccp: avoid one atomic operation for timewait…
When was CVE-2024-36904 disclosed?
CVE-2024-36904 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on May 30, 2024, with the most recent update on May 12, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2024-36904 actively exploited?
CVE-2024-36904 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 45.7% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2024-36904?
CVE-2024-36904 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2024-36904?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2024-36904, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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