CVE-2024-3651

HIGHNVD 7.57.5
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This high-severity CVE scores 7.5 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 1.4% (72nd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). GitHub Security Advisory CVSS 6.2 is lower than this score; a lower GitHub score revises it only when its advisory is newer than the CVE record's last change, and this advisory (published 2024-04-11) is not newer than that change (2025-11-04), so it does not.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 4 sources updated this week

Also known asEUVD-2024-0077 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-jjg7-2v4v-x38h (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

7.5EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1.4%CVSS: 7.5Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

A vulnerability was identified in the kjd/idna library, specifically within the idna.encode() function, affecting version 3.6. The issue arises from the function's handling of crafted input strings, which can lead to quadratic complexity and consequently, a denial of service condition. This vulnerability is triggered by a crafted input that causes the idna.encode() function to process the input with considerable computational load, significantly increasing the processing time in a quadratic manner relative to the input size.

CVSS v3
7.5
EG Score
7.5HIGHmedium confidence
EG Risk
34
EG Risk 34/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity75% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 7.5 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation1.4% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at every mission impact level.
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
1.4%
EPSS %ILE
72nd
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (7.5): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 7.5 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
7.5 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
1.4% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-31). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at every mission impact level.CISA BOD 26-04: 60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at every mission impact level.

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)60 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

July 7, 2024

Last Modified

November 4, 2025

Advisory Details (7)

Auto-updated Nov 1, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_commit.
Web page

[SECURITY] Fedora 39 Update: mingw-python-idna-3.7-1.fc39 - package-announce - Fedora mailing-lists

https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ULSC7HBJKXB3BZV367WM5BR6DFEC4Z43/
Web page

[SECURITY] Fedora 40 Update: python-idna-3.7-1.fc40 - package-announce - Fedora mailing-lists

https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/S5IDLLD2IKSIVRBSLB34WTSYGLMWUFWF/
Web page

[SECURITY] Fedora 38 Update: python-idna-3.7-1.fc38 - package-announce - Fedora mailing-lists

https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/F2S5E23N6E52S46KGNYTDFB75LOC4N4D/
Web page

[SECURITY] Fedora 39 Update: python-idna-3.7-1.fc39 - package-announce - Fedora mailing-lists

https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/4YQUPYH3SVZ5GFF2CDQ55FCM575AZTF2/
Web pageMentions a patch (unverified)

[SECURITY] [DLA 3811-1] python-idna security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/05/msg00006.html
Web page

huntr - The world's first bug bounty platform for AI/ML

https://huntr.com/bounties/93d78d07-d791-4b39-a845-cbfabc44aadb
GitHub commit Patch Available

commit 1d365e17e10d (kjd/idna)

Patch available: kjd/idna v3.7 (contains commit 1d365e17e10d)

https://github.com/kjd/idna/commit/1d365e17e10d72d0b7876316fc7b9ca0eebdd38d

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2024-3651(2)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(10)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubuntupython3-pip-whl (25.0+dfsg-1ubuntu0.2) @ plucky2026-10-28ubuntu
ubuntupython3-idna (2.8-1ubuntu0.1) @ focal2026-10-28ubuntu
redhatpython-idna-0:2.4-2.el7_92024-10-23redhat
redhatpython-idna-0:2.5-7.el8_102024-07-02redhat
redhatpython-idna-0:2.10-7.el9_4.12024-06-11redhat
redhatpython-idna-0:3.7-1.el9ap2024-06-10redhat
redhatpython-idna-0:2.5-5.el8_6.12024-06-03redhat
redhatpython-idna-0:2.5-5.el8_8.12024-06-03redhat
redhatpython39-devel:3.9-8100020240516111311.d47b87a42024-05-29redhat
pipidna @ 3.7 (fixes < 3.7)—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(12 across 12 ecosystems)
Alpine:v3.19(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
py3-idna—
  • every version up to 3.7-r0: fixed in 3.7-r0
—
Alpine:v3.20(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
py3-idna—
  • every version up to 3.7-r0: fixed in 3.7-r0
—
Alpine:v3.21(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
py3-idna—
  • every version up to 3.7-r0: fixed in 3.7-r0
—
Alpine:v3.22(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
py3-idna—
  • every version up to 3.7-r0: fixed in 3.7-r0
—
Alpine:v3.23(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
py3-idna—
  • every version up to 3.7-r0: fixed in 3.7-r0
—
Alpine:v3.24(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
py3-idna—
  • every version up to 3.7-r0: fixed in 3.7-r0
—
Debian:10(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
python-idna2.6-1
  • every version up to 2.6-1+deb10u1: fixed in 2.6-1+deb10u1
—
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
python-idna2.10-1
  • every version up to 2.10-1+deb11u1: fixed in 2.10-1+deb11u1
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
python-idna3.3-1
  • every version up to 3.3-1+deb12u1: fixed in 3.3-1+deb12u1
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
python-idna—
  • every version up to 3.6-2.1: fixed in 3.6-2.1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
python-idna—
  • every version up to 3.6-2.1: fixed in 3.6-2.1
—
PyPI(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
idna0.1 ... v0.2 (54 versions)
  • every version up to 3.7: fixed in 3.7
  • 0.1 up to 3.7: fixed in 3.7
—

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(8)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 40× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 97 of 208 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 3 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 111 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-01 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  2. 2026-11-01 08:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-jjg7-2v4v-x38h · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.2
  3. 2026-11-01 08:13 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-31 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  5. 2026-10-30 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  6. 2026-10-29 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  7. 2026-10-28 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  8. 2026-10-28 06:02 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-28 06:02 UTCVendor advisory
  10. 2026-10-27 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  11. 2026-10-26 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  12. 2026-10-25 17:08 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-25 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  14. 2026-10-24 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  15. 2026-10-23 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  16. 2026-10-22 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 72nd percentile
  17. 2026-10-21 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  18. 2026-10-20 19:48 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-20 19:48 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-10-20 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  21. 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  22. 2026-10-18 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  23. 2026-10-18 07:12 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-17 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  25. 2026-10-16 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
Show 72 more
  1. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  2. 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  3. 2026-10-13 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  4. 2026-10-12 17:52 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-12 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  6. 2026-10-11 21:17 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-11 16:09 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-11 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  9. 2026-10-10 19:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  10. 2026-10-09 22:55 UTCOSV refresh
  11. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  12. 2026-10-08 17:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  13. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  14. 2026-10-06 15:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  15. 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  16. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  17. 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  18. 2026-09-30 19:46 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  20. 2026-09-29 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  21. 2026-09-28 13:50 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  22. 2026-09-27 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  23. 2026-09-26 15:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  24. 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  25. 2026-09-23 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  26. 2026-09-22 14:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 71st percentile
  27. 2026-09-21 20:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  28. 2026-09-20 07:13 UTCOSV refresh
  29. 2026-09-19 15:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  30. 2026-09-18 19:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  31. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  32. 2026-09-16 05:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  33. 2026-09-15 03:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  34. 2026-09-13 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  35. 2026-09-12 14:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  36. 2026-09-11 14:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  37. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  38. 2026-09-08 21:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  39. 2026-09-07 16:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  40. 2026-09-06 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  41. 2026-09-05 15:27 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  42. 2026-09-04 13:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  43. 2026-09-04 05:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  44. 2026-09-02 14:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  45. 2026-09-01 13:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  46. 2026-09-01 10:29 UTCOSV refresh
  47. 2026-08-30 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  48. 2026-08-28 21:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  49. 2026-08-27 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  50. 2026-08-25 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  51. 2026-08-24 14:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  52. 2026-08-23 00:18 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  53. 2026-08-21 23:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  54. 2026-08-20 22:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  55. 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 70th percentile
  56. 2026-08-18 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  57. 2026-08-17 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  58. 2026-08-16 14:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  59. 2026-08-16 02:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  60. 2026-08-15 09:37 UTCOSV refresh
  61. 2026-08-15 01:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  62. 2026-08-13 21:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  63. 2026-08-12 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  64. 2026-08-11 13:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  65. 2026-08-10 23:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  66. 2026-08-09 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  67. 2026-08-08 16:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  68. 2026-08-07 16:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  69. 2026-08-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  70. 2026-08-05 19:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  71. 2026-08-04 15:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile
  72. 2026-08-04 10:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 1.4% · 69th percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2024-3651?
CVE-2024-3651 is a high-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on July 7, 2024. A vulnerability was identified in the kjd/idna library, specifically within the idna.encode() function, affecting version 3.6. The issue arises from the function's handling of crafted input strings, which can lead to quadratic complexity and consequently, a denial of service condition. This…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2024-3651 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2024-3651 was published on July 7, 2024. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 4, 2025; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2024-3651 actively exploited?
CVE-2024-3651 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1.4% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (72nd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2024-3651?
CVE-2024-3651 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2024-3651?
A fix for CVE-2024-3651 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2024-3651 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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