CVE-2024-36031

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.7% (54th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs). No GitHub Security Advisory CVSS is on record for this CVE.

Triggered by: Headline CVSS from NVD CVSS v3
Sources: EPSS, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this week

Also known asEUVD-2024-35841 (ENISA EUVD)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 0.7%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

keys: Fix overwrite of key expiration on instantiation

The expiry time of a key is unconditionally overwritten during instantiation, defaulting to turn it permanent. This causes a problem for DNS resolution as the expiration set by user-space is overwritten to TIME64_MAX, disabling further DNS updates. Fix this by restoring the condition that key_set_expiry is only called when the pre-parser sets a specific expiry.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
59
EG Risk 59/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation0.8% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability100% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
0.7%
EPSS %ILE
54th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.NVD CVSS v3 · CVSS v3.0 or v3.1
EG Likelihood
0.7% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)3 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

May 30, 2024

Last Modified

November 4, 2025

Advisory Details (7)

Auto-updated Oct 9, 2026
Patch available.
Web page

keys: Fix overwrite of key expiration on instantiation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9da27fb65a14c18efd4473e2e82b76b53ba60252
Web page

keys: Fix overwrite of key expiration on instantiation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/939a08bcd4334bad4b201e60bd0ae1f278d71d41
Web page

keys: Fix overwrite of key expiration on instantiation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/25777f3f4e1f371d16a594925f31e37ce07b6ec7
Web page

keys: Fix overwrite of key expiration on instantiation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed79b93f725cd0da39a265dc23d77add1527b9be
Web page

keys: Fix overwrite of key expiration on instantiation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e4519a016650e952ad9eb27937f8c447d5a4e06d
Web page

keys: Fix overwrite of key expiration on instantiation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cc219cb8afbc40ec100c0de941047bb29373126a
Web page

keys: Fix overwrite of key expiration on instantiation - kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ad2011ea787928b2accb5134f1e423b11fe80a8a

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2024-36031(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Patch Availability(14)

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(5 across 5 ecosystems)
Debian:10(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux-5.105.10.136-1~deb10u1 ... 5.10.216-1~deb10u1 (14 versions)
  • every version up to 5.10.218-1~deb10u1: fixed in 5.10.218-1~deb10u1
—
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux5.10.103-1 ... 5.10.92-2 (40 versions)
  • every version up to 5.10.218-1: fixed in 5.10.218-1
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux6.1.27-1 ... 6.1.94-1~bpo11+1 (23 versions)
  • every version up to 6.1.94-1: fixed in 6.1.94-1
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux—
  • every version up to 6.8.11-1: fixed in 6.8.11-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
linux—
  • every version up to 6.8.11-1: fixed in 6.8.11-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Additional Vendor Advisories

(12)

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 19× in last 7d / 71× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 96 of 249 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 4 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 153 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-02 16:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  2. 2026-11-01 17:20 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-11-01 17:20 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-11-01 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  5. 2026-10-31 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  6. 2026-10-31 14:58 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-31 14:58 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-10-30 16:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  9. 2026-10-30 12:38 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-30 12:38 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-10-29 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  12. 2026-10-29 10:16 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-29 10:16 UTCVendor advisory
  14. 2026-10-28 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  15. 2026-10-28 07:56 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-28 07:56 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-10-27 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  18. 2026-10-27 05:35 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-27 05:35 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-10-26 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  21. 2026-10-25 23:09 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-10-25 17:09 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-25 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  24. 2026-10-24 20:48 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-24 20:48 UTCVendor advisory
Show 71 more
  1. 2026-10-24 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  2. 2026-10-23 18:28 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-23 18:28 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-10-23 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  5. 2026-10-22 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  6. 2026-10-22 16:07 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-22 16:07 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  9. 2026-10-21 13:14 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-21 13:14 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-10-20 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  12. 2026-10-20 10:52 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-20 10:52 UTCVendor advisory
  14. 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 54th percentile
  15. 2026-10-19 08:28 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-19 08:28 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-10-18 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  18. 2026-10-18 06:07 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-18 06:07 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-10-17 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  21. 2026-10-17 03:44 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-17 03:44 UTCVendor advisory
  23. 2026-10-16 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  24. 2026-10-16 01:22 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-16 01:22 UTCVendor advisory
  26. 2026-10-15 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  27. 2026-10-14 20:51 UTCEG score recompute
  28. 2026-10-14 20:51 UTCVendor advisory
  29. 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  30. 2026-10-13 16:44 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-10-13 16:44 UTCVendor advisory
  32. 2026-10-13 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  33. 2026-10-12 17:52 UTCEG score recompute
  34. 2026-10-12 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  35. 2026-10-12 14:13 UTCVendor advisory
  36. 2026-10-11 21:17 UTCEG score recompute
  37. 2026-10-11 16:10 UTCEG score recompute
  38. 2026-10-11 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  39. 2026-10-10 20:33 UTCOSV refresh
  40. 2026-10-10 19:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  41. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  42. 2026-10-08 17:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  43. 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  44. 2026-10-06 15:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  45. 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  46. 2026-10-04 23:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  47. 2026-10-03 14:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  48. 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  49. 2026-09-30 19:46 UTCEG score recompute
  50. 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  51. 2026-09-29 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  52. 2026-09-28 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  53. 2026-09-27 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  54. 2026-09-26 15:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  55. 2026-09-26 00:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  56. 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  57. 2026-09-23 13:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  58. 2026-09-22 14:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  59. 2026-09-21 20:32 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  60. 2026-09-21 07:49 UTCOSV refresh
  61. 2026-09-20 20:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  62. 2026-09-19 15:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  63. 2026-09-18 19:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  64. 2026-09-16 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 53rd percentile
  65. 2026-09-15 03:08 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  66. 2026-09-13 16:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  67. 2026-09-12 14:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  68. 2026-09-11 14:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  69. 2026-09-11 09:35 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  70. 2026-09-08 21:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile
  71. 2026-09-07 15:59 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 52nd percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2024-36031?
CVE-2024-36031 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on May 30, 2024. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: keys: Fix overwrite of key expiration on instantiation The expiry time of a key is unconditionally overwritten during instantiation, defaulting to turn it permanent. This causes a problem for DNS resolution as the expiration set by…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2024-36031 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2024-36031 was published on May 30, 2024. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 4, 2025; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2024-36031 actively exploited?
CVE-2024-36031 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 0.7% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (54th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2024-36031?
CVE-2024-36031 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2024-36031?
A fix for CVE-2024-36031 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2024-36031 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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