LuaJIT through 2.1 and OpenRusty luajit2 before v2.1-20240314 have an out-of-bounds read in the stack-overflow handler in lj_state.c.
CVE-2024-25178
“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.
Score 9.1 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2025-07-07. NVD baseline CVSS 9.1; sources differ by 0.0.
Also known asEUVD-2024-22514 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD
- CISA's Vulnrichment rates exploitation as PoC; EchelonGraph holds no exploit-code reference for it
A fix is available — apply it.
- CVSS v3
- 9.1
- EG Score
- 9.1CRITICALmedium confidence
- EG Risk
- 72EG Risk 72/100
EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.
How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)Severity91% × 45%Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.Exploitation40% × 40%EchelonGraph's fixed weight for EG-KEV Tier 3 (Elevated): a constant, not a probability.Automatability100% × 15%CISA's SSVC Automatable value: yes (Vulnrichment).SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high. - EPSS PROB
- 0.7%
- EPSS %ILE
- 51st
- KEV
- Not listed
What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)
The EG score (9.1): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.1 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.
- EG Severity
- 9.1 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
- EG Likelihood
- 0.7% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
- Confirmed exploitation
- None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
- EG Priority
- SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
Exploitation public PoC (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table
BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 60 days if it is not.
The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable yes (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it
Published
July 7, 2025
Last Modified
November 3, 2025
Advisory Details (5)
Auto-updated Aug 1, 2026Stack overflow in error handler during stack overflow · Issue #1152 · LuaJIT/LuaJIT · GitHub
https://github.com/LuaJIT/LuaJIT/issues/1152[SECURITY] [DLA 4283-1] luajit security update
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/08/msg00022.htmlcommit defe61a56751 (openresty/luajit2)
Patch available: openresty/luajit2 v2.1-20250826 (contains commit defe61a56751)
https://github.com/openresty/luajit2/commit/defe61a56751a0db5f00ff3ab7b8f45436ba74c8commit defe61a56751 (LuaJIT/LuaJIT)
Fix landed in LuaJIT/LuaJIT commit defe61a56751 — awaiting tagged release
https://github.com/LuaJIT/LuaJIT/commit/defe61a56751a0db5f00ff3ab7b8f45436ba74c8CVE-2024-25178 · GitHub
https://gist.github.com/pwnhacker0x18/423b4292f301ab274b42d5ed6e0b87d8Vendor Advisories for CVE-2024-25178(1)
These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.
Patch Availability(1)
| Vendor / Ecosystem | Fix (by version range) / Patch | Released | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| ubuntu | luajit (2.1.0~beta3+dfsg-5.1ubuntu0.18.04.1~esm1) @ bionic | 2026-11-02 | ubuntu |
Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.
Affected Packages
(10 across 10 ecosystems)
Alpine:v3.19(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| luajit | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.20(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| luajit | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.21(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| luajit | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.22(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| luajit | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.23(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| luajit | — |
| — |
Alpine:v3.24(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| luajit | — |
| — |
Debian:11(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| luajit | 2.1.0~beta3+dfsg-5.3 |
| — |
Debian:12(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| luajit | 2.1.0~beta3+git20220320+dfsg-4.1 |
| — |
Debian:13(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| luajit | — |
| — |
Debian:14(1)
| Package | Vulnerable range | Fix by version range | Dependents |
|---|---|---|---|
| luajit | — |
| — |
Weakness Classification(1)
MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.
Additional Vendor Advisories
(1)
Vendors that published advisories for this CVE beyond the curated set above. Broader coverage but minimal per-row detail — click through for the original advisory.
Data Freshness Timeline
(refreshed 27× in last 7d / 93× in last 30d)
Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.
Showing the most recent 100 of 262 refreshes on record for this CVE.
A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 162 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.
- 2026-11-02 16:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
- 2026-11-02 01:40 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-11-02 01:40 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-11-02 01:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-11-01 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
- 2026-11-01 01:54 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-11-01 01:54 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-11-01 01:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-31 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
- 2026-10-31 02:10 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-31 02:10 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-31 02:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-30 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
- 2026-10-30 02:26 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-30 02:26 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-30 02:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-29 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
- 2026-10-29 02:42 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-29 02:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-28 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
- 2026-10-28 02:52 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-28 02:52 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-28 02:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-27 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
- 2026-10-27 03:01 UTCEG score recompute
Show 75 moreShow fewer
- 2026-10-27 03:01 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-27 03:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-26 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
- 2026-10-25 23:13 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-25 23:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-25 17:16 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-25 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
- 2026-10-24 23:28 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-24 23:28 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-24 23:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-24 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
- 2026-10-23 23:44 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-23 23:44 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-23 23:44 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-23 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
- 2026-10-22 23:59 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-22 23:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-22 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
- 2026-10-22 00:13 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-22 00:13 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-22 00:12 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 51st percentile
- 2026-10-21 00:26 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-21 00:26 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-21 00:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-20 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-20 00:40 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-20 00:40 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-20 00:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-18 23:38 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-18 23:38 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-18 23:38 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-18 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-18 07:24 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 23:51 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 23:51 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-17 23:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-17 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-17 00:05 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-17 00:05 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-17 00:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-16 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-15 20:59 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-15 20:59 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-15 20:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-15 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-14 15:08 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-14 15:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-13 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-13 14:34 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-13 14:34 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-13 14:34 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-12 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-12 14:50 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-12 14:50 UTCVendor advisory
- 2026-10-12 14:49 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-vw7w-mrf6-7vrv · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.1
- 2026-10-11 21:25 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 16:18 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-10-11 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-10 19:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-08 17:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.7% · 50th percentile
- 2026-10-07 23:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 48th percentile
- 2026-10-06 15:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
- 2026-10-05 17:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
- 2026-10-04 23:20 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
- 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
- 2026-10-02 09:41 UTCOSV refresh
- 2026-10-01 19:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
- 2026-09-30 16:58 UTCEG score recompute
- 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
- 2026-09-29 15:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
- 2026-09-28 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 0.6% · 47th percentile
Related CVEs(same product + same vendor + same CWE)
Same product
5 shownAlpine:v3.19:luajit · Debian:11:luajit
Same CWE
10 shownCWE-125
Frequently asked(5)
What is CVE-2024-25178?
When was the CVE record for CVE-2024-25178 published?
Is CVE-2024-25178 actively exploited?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2024-25178?
How do I remediate CVE-2024-25178?
Dependency Blast Radius
See which npm, PyPI, Go, and Maven packages are affected by CVE-2024-25178
Is Your Infrastructure Affected by CVE-2024-25178?
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