CVE-2023-49091

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.8%, top 48% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
Elevated
9.8
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 1%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

Cosmos provides users the ability self-host a home server by acting as a secure gateway to your application, as well as a server manager. Cosmos-server is vulnerable due to to the authorization header used for user login remaining valid and not expiring after log out. This vulnerability allows an attacker to use the token to gain unauthorized access to the application/system even after the user has logged out. This issue has been patched in version 0.13.1.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8(medium)
EG Risk
60(Track*)
EG Risk 60/100SSVC: Track*

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity98% × 45%
Exploitation40% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Watch closely — could escalate to Attend.
EPSS
51.8%
KEV
Not listed

Published

November 29, 2023

Last Modified

June 17, 2026

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Jul 8, 2026
🔬 Proof of concept available. Patch available. Sources: github, github_commit.
github Patch Available🟡 PoC Available

[FIXED] Jwttoken never expire after changed the password and logged out · Advisory · azukaar/Cosmos-Server · GitHub

https://github.com/azukaar/Cosmos-Server/security/advisories/GHSA-hpvm-x7m8-3c6x
github_commit

commit 7a3fdfb467bd (azukaar/Cosmos-Server)

Fix landed in azukaar/Cosmos-Server commit 7a3fdfb467bd — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/azukaar/Cosmos-Server/commit/7a3fdfb467bd4d1f8333e3e1f3c3f5fca0b69cd7

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 13× in last 7d / 51× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 105 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-23 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-23 02:28 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-07-22 23:14 UTCEG score recompute▲ 1.00
  4. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
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  16. 2026-07-15 02:49 UTCOSV refresh
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  1. 2026-07-08 15:13 UTCEPSS rescore
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  22. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  23. 2026-06-24 14:04 UTCEPSS rescore
  24. 2026-06-24 06:31 UTCNVD updateCVSS v3 → 9.8 · severity → CRITICAL
  25. 2026-06-23 21:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  26. 2026-06-23 21:31 UTCEPSS rescore
  27. 2026-06-22 14:24 UTCEPSS rescore
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  40. 2026-06-14 23:16 UTCEPSS rescore
  41. 2026-06-13 22:59 UTCEPSS rescore
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  43. 2026-06-12 23:11 UTCEPSS rescore
  44. 2026-06-12 23:10 UTCEPSS rescore
  45. 2026-06-11 13:59 UTCEPSS rescore
  46. 2026-06-10 22:17 UTCEPSS rescore
  47. 2026-06-10 13:21 UTCEPSS rescore
  48. 2026-06-09 14:17 UTCOSV refresh
  49. 2026-06-08 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
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  75. 2026-05-26 13:43 UTCEPSS rescore

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-49091?
CVE-2023-49091 is a critical vulnerability published on November 29, 2023. Cosmos provides users the ability self-host a home server by acting as a secure gateway to your application, as well as a server manager. Cosmos-server is vulnerable due to to the authorization header used for user login remaining valid and not expiring after log out. This vulnerability allows an…
When was CVE-2023-49091 disclosed?
CVE-2023-49091 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on November 29, 2023, with the most recent update on June 17, 2026. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2023-49091 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-49091 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 51.8% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-49091?
CVE-2023-49091 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-49091?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2023-49091, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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