CVE-2023-43770

CRITICALNVD 6.19.0
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“▲” beside the score: it is higher than NVD's CVSS score.

Score elevated to 9.0 because this CVE is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2024-02-12), indicating real-world exploitation has been confirmed by US federal agencies. NVD baseline CVSS 6.1 retained for reference. The 9.0 is the floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: this CVE's impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 6.1 MEDIUM under GitHub Security Advisory CVSS. Confidence: HIGH.

Triggered by: CISA KEV (actively exploited)
Sources: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 4 sources updated this weekExploited in the wild

Also known asEUVD-2023-48147 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPatch nowTreat as an emergency — this is being exploited.
  • Actively exploited in the wild (CISA-KEV) — the reason this is sooner than the SSVC decision on this page at every mission impact level
CISA-KEV: ExploitedEPSS PROB: 64%CVSS: 6.1Exploit: Public PoCExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Roundcube before 1.4.14, 1.5.x before 1.5.4, and 1.6.x before 1.6.3 allows XSS via text/plain e-mail messages with crafted links because of program/lib/Roundcube/rcube_string_replacer.php behavior.

CVSS v3
6.1
EG Score
9.0CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
67
EG Risk 67/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity61% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 6.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation100% × 40%
Fixed at 100% for a CISA KEV listing: EchelonGraph's rule.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.
EPSS PROB
64%
EPSS %ILE
99th
KEV
⚠ Exploited

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.0 is the CISA KEV floor for confirmed exploitation, not an impact rating: its impact severity (EG Severity) is CVSS 6.1 MEDIUM.

EG Severity
6.1 MEDIUMCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
64% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-10-31). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
CISA KEV and EG-KEV Tier 1 (exploited in the wild)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Attend at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines at low or medium mission impact and sooner than that at high.

Exploitation active (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; 14 days if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV yes (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact partial (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

CISA required action“Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.”

Quoted verbatim from CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. CISA directs it at US federal civilian executive branch agencies under Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 26-04, which replaced BOD 22-01 on 10 June 2026; it is not EchelonGraph's advice. CISA's notes: https://roundcube.net/news/2023/09/15/security-update-1.6.3-released · https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-43770

Published

September 22, 2023

Last Modified

June 17, 2026

Advisory Details (4)

Auto-updated Oct 27, 2026
⚠️ Actively exploited (CISA KEV, CISA Vulnrichment). Patch available. Sources: github_commit, cisa.
CISA🔴 Active Exploitation

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA

Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog | CISA. Listed in CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-43770
Web pageMentions a patch (unverified)

[SECURITY] [DLA 3577-1] roundcube security update

https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/09/msg00024.html
GitHub commit

commit e92ec206a886 (roundcube/roundcubemail)

Fix landed in roundcube/roundcubemail commit e92ec206a886 — awaiting tagged release

https://github.com/roundcube/roundcubemail/commit/e92ec206a886461245e1672d8530cc93c618a49b

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
ubunturoundcube-sqlite3 (1.3.6+dfsg.1-1ubuntu0.1~esm3) @ bionic2026-11-01ubuntu

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(5 across 5 ecosystems)
Debian:10(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
roundcube1.3.10+dfsg.1-1 ... 1.3.8+dfsg.1-2 (10 versions)
  • every version up to 1.3.17+dfsg.1-1~deb10u3: fixed in 1.3.17+dfsg.1-1~deb10u3
—
Debian:11(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
roundcube1.4.11+dfsg.1-4 ... 1.4.14+dfsg.1-1~deb11u1~bpo10+1 (6 versions)
  • every version up to 1.4.14+dfsg.1-1~deb11u1: fixed in 1.4.14+dfsg.1-1~deb11u1
—
Debian:12(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
roundcube1.6.1+dfsg-1, 1.6.2+dfsg-1
  • every version up to 1.6.3+dfsg-1~deb12u1: fixed in 1.6.3+dfsg-1~deb12u1
—
Debian:13(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
roundcube—
  • every version up to 1.6.3+dfsg-1: fixed in 1.6.3+dfsg-1
—
Debian:14(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
roundcube—
  • every version up to 1.6.3+dfsg-1: fixed in 1.6.3+dfsg-1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

All Vendor Advisories

(1)

Every vendor that published an advisory referencing this CVE — pulled from our cve_vendor_advisories aggregation. Click any row for the vendor's original advisory page.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 24× in last 7d / 182× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 1,729 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. None are among the latest 100 rows. The 1,629 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-01 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  2. 2026-11-01 09:14 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-11-01 09:14 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-11-01 09:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub severity MODERATE · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  5. 2026-10-31 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  6. 2026-10-31 09:06 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-31 09:06 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-10-31 09:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  9. 2026-10-30 16:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  10. 2026-10-30 08:56 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-30 08:56 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-10-30 08:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  13. 2026-10-29 08:48 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-29 08:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  15. 2026-10-28 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  16. 2026-10-28 08:35 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-28 08:35 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-10-28 08:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  19. 2026-10-27 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  20. 2026-10-27 08:26 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-27 08:26 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-10-27 08:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  23. 2026-10-26 08:17 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-10-26 08:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  25. 2026-10-25 17:34 UTCEG score recompute
Show 75 more
  1. 2026-10-25 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  2. 2026-10-25 08:09 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-25 08:09 UTCVendor advisory
  4. 2026-10-25 08:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  5. 2026-10-24 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  6. 2026-10-24 08:00 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-24 07:59 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  8. 2026-10-23 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  9. 2026-10-23 07:48 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-23 07:48 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-10-23 07:48 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  12. 2026-10-22 07:36 UTCEG score recompute
  13. 2026-10-22 07:36 UTCVendor advisory
  14. 2026-10-22 07:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  15. 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  16. 2026-10-21 07:27 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-21 07:27 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-10-21 07:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  19. 2026-10-20 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  20. 2026-10-20 07:18 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-20 07:18 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-10-20 07:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  23. 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  24. 2026-10-19 07:08 UTCEG score recompute
  25. 2026-10-19 07:08 UTCVendor advisory
  26. 2026-10-19 07:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  27. 2026-10-18 06:55 UTCEG score recompute
  28. 2026-10-18 06:55 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  29. 2026-10-17 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  30. 2026-10-17 06:45 UTCEG score recompute
  31. 2026-10-17 06:45 UTCVendor advisory
  32. 2026-10-17 06:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  33. 2026-10-16 16:36 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  34. 2026-10-16 06:36 UTCEG score recompute
  35. 2026-10-16 06:36 UTCVendor advisory
  36. 2026-10-16 06:36 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  37. 2026-10-15 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  38. 2026-10-15 06:26 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-10-15 06:25 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  40. 2026-10-14 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  41. 2026-10-14 06:14 UTCEG score recompute
  42. 2026-10-14 06:14 UTCVendor advisory
  43. 2026-10-14 06:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  44. 2026-10-13 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  45. 2026-10-13 06:04 UTCVendor advisory
  46. 2026-10-13 06:04 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  47. 2026-10-12 18:18 UTCEG score recompute
  48. 2026-10-12 05:54 UTCVendor advisory
  49. 2026-10-12 05:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  50. 2026-10-12 01:58 UTCVendor advisory
  51. 2026-10-12 01:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  52. 2026-10-11 22:02 UTCVendor advisory
  53. 2026-10-11 22:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  54. 2026-10-11 21:44 UTCEG score recompute
  55. 2026-10-11 18:06 UTCEG score recompute
  56. 2026-10-11 18:06 UTCVendor advisory
  57. 2026-10-11 18:06 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  58. 2026-10-11 14:10 UTCEG score recompute
  59. 2026-10-11 14:10 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  60. 2026-10-11 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  61. 2026-10-11 10:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  62. 2026-10-11 06:18 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  63. 2026-10-11 02:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  64. 2026-10-10 22:24 UTCEG score recompute
  65. 2026-10-10 22:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  66. 2026-10-10 19:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 64% · 99th percentile
  67. 2026-10-10 18:27 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  68. 2026-10-10 14:31 UTCVendor advisory
  69. 2026-10-10 14:31 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  70. 2026-10-10 10:35 UTCVendor advisory
  71. 2026-10-10 10:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  72. 2026-10-10 06:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  73. 2026-10-10 02:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1
  74. 2026-10-09 22:46 UTCEG score recompute
  75. 2026-10-09 22:45 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-g3fv-4f2h-xwv4 · GitHub CVSS 6.1

Publicly available exploits

(2 references)

Public exploit code is referenced for this CVE (2 GitHub PoCs). Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly.

  • GitHub PoCknight0x07/CVE-2023-43770-PoC
    Published Sep 28, 2023

    PoC for Stored XSS (CVE-2023-43770) Vulnerability

    Open source ↗
  • GitHub PoCs3cb0y/CVE-2023-43770-POC
    Published Sep 27, 2023

    A Proof-Of-Concept for the CVE-2023-43770 vulnerability.

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(6)

What is CVE-2023-43770?
CVE-2023-43770 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on September 22, 2023. Roundcube before 1.4.14, 1.5.x before 1.5.4, and 1.6.x before 1.6.3 allows XSS via text/plain e-mail messages with crafted links because of program/lib/Roundcube/rcube_string_replacer.php behavior.
When was the CVE record for CVE-2023-43770 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2023-43770 was published on September 22, 2023. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of June 17, 2026; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2023-43770 actively exploited?
Yes. CISA added CVE-2023-43770 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on February 12, 2024, affecting Roundcube Webmail. KEV listing indicates confirmed exploitation in the wild; this CVE warrants immediate attention. A fix is available. Apply it.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-43770?
CVE-2023-43770 has a CVSS v3 base score of 6.1 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + CISA KEV + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 9.0 (CRITICAL).
Which products are affected by CVE-2023-43770?
CVE-2023-43770 affects Roundcube Webmail. The affected packages EchelonGraph has on record, with version ranges, are listed in the Affected Packages section of this page.
How do I remediate CVE-2023-43770?
A fix for CVE-2023-43770 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

Dependency Blast Radius

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