CVE-2023-36460

CRITICALNVD 9.99.9—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.9 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 40.1%, top 2% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
Elevated
9.9EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 40%CVSS: 9.9Exploit: Elevated riskExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

Mastodon is a free, open-source social network server based on ActivityPub. Starting in version 3.5.0 and prior to versions 3.5.9, 4.0.5, and 4.1.3, attackers using carefully crafted media files can cause Mastodon's media processing code to create arbitrary files at any location. This allows attackers to create and overwrite any file Mastodon has access to, allowing Denial of Service and arbitrary Remote Code Execution. Versions 3.5.9, 4.0.5, and 4.1.3 contain a patch for this issue.

CVSS v3
9.9
EG Score
9.9(medium)
EG Risk
61(Track)
EG Risk 61/100SSVC: Track

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity99% × 45%
Exploitation40% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Routine — remediate on your standard cadence.
EPSS PROB
40%
EPSS %ILE
98%
KEV
Not listed

Published

July 6, 2023

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

Advisory Details (6)

Auto-updated Jul 28, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_commit, github_release, github.
github_release Patch Available

v4.0.5

Patch available: mastodon/mastodon v4.0.5

https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/releases/tag/v4.0.5
github_release Patch Available

v3.5.9

Patch available: mastodon/mastodon v3.5.9

https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/releases/tag/v3.5.9
github_commit Patch Available

commit dc8f1fbd976a (mastodon/mastodon)

Patch available: mastodon/mastodon v4.5.6 (contains commit dc8f1fbd976a)

https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/commit/dc8f1fbd976ae544720a4e07120d9a91b2722440
generic

oss-security - CVE-2023-36460: mastodon: Arbitrary file creation through media attachments

http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/07/06/4
github Patch Available

Arbitrary file creation through media attachments · Advisory · mastodon/mastodon · GitHub

https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/security/advisories/GHSA-9928-3cp5-93fm
github_release Patch Available

v4.1.3

Patch available: mastodon/mastodon v4.1.3

https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/releases/tag/v4.1.3

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 8× in last 7d / 40× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 101 total refreshes for this CVE.

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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-36460?
CVE-2023-36460 is a critical vulnerability published on July 6, 2023. Mastodon is a free, open-source social network server based on ActivityPub. Starting in version 3.5.0 and prior to versions 3.5.9, 4.0.5, and 4.1.3, attackers using carefully crafted media files can cause Mastodon's media processing code to create arbitrary files at any location. This allows…
When was CVE-2023-36460 disclosed?
CVE-2023-36460 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on July 6, 2023, with the most recent update on November 21, 2024. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2023-36460 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-36460 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 40% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 1.5% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-36460?
CVE-2023-36460 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.9 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-36460?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2023-36460, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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