CVE-2023-35628

CRITICALNVD 8.19.0
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“▲” beside the score: it is higher than NVD's CVSS score.

Score elevated to 9.0 because EPSS predicted 93% probability of exploitation within the next 30 days (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs) when EchelonGraph scored this CVE. NVD baseline CVSS 8.1 retained for reference. Confidence: see factors.

Triggered by: EPSS exploit prediction (continuous uplift above 30%)
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 4 sources updated this weekElevated

Also known asEUVD-2023-39628 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High exploitation likelihood — EPSS 93%
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 93%CVSS: 8.1Exploit: No code on recordExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

Windows MSHTML Platform Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

CVSS v3
8.1
EG Score
9.0CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
74
EG Risk 74/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity81% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 8.1 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation93% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
93%
EPSS %ILE
99th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.0 is EPSS's lift toward 9.0 from its impact severity (EG Severity, CVSS 8.1 HIGH): a likelihood of exploitation, not impact.

EG Severity
8.1 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
93% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

December 12, 2023

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

Advisory Details (1)

Auto-updated Sep 19, 2026
Patch available. Sources: microsoft.
MicrosoftMentions a patch (unverified)

Security Update Guide - Microsoft Security Response Center

https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-35628

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2023-35628(1)

These vendors published their own advisory mentioning this CVE — often with vendor-specific remediation steps + affected product lists not in NVD.

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 20× in last 7d / 64× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 94 of 136 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 6 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 42 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-02 07:33 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-11-02 07:33 UTCVendor advisory
  3. 2026-11-02 07:33 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  4. 2026-11-01 07:26 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-11-01 07:26 UTCVendor advisory
  6. 2026-11-01 07:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  7. 2026-10-31 07:19 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-31 07:19 UTCVendor advisory
  9. 2026-10-31 07:19 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  10. 2026-10-30 07:13 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-30 07:13 UTCVendor advisory
  12. 2026-10-30 07:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  13. 2026-10-29 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  14. 2026-10-29 07:05 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-29 07:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  16. 2026-10-28 06:58 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-28 06:58 UTCVendor advisory
  18. 2026-10-28 06:58 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  19. 2026-10-27 06:52 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-27 06:52 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  21. 2026-10-26 03:27 UTCVendor advisory
  22. 2026-10-26 03:26 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  23. 2026-10-25 17:40 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-25 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  25. 2026-10-25 03:15 UTCEG score recompute
Show 69 more
  1. 2026-10-25 03:15 UTCVendor advisory
  2. 2026-10-25 03:15 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  3. 2026-10-24 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  4. 2026-10-24 03:09 UTCEG score recompute
  5. 2026-10-24 03:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  6. 2026-10-23 03:01 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-23 03:01 UTCVendor advisory
  8. 2026-10-23 03:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  9. 2026-10-22 02:54 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-22 02:54 UTCVendor advisory
  11. 2026-10-22 02:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  12. 2026-10-21 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  13. 2026-10-21 02:47 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-21 02:47 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  15. 2026-10-20 02:39 UTCEG score recompute
  16. 2026-10-20 02:39 UTCVendor advisory
  17. 2026-10-20 02:39 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  18. 2026-10-19 02:14 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-19 02:14 UTCVendor advisory
  20. 2026-10-19 02:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  21. 2026-10-18 07:58 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-18 02:05 UTCEG score recompute
  23. 2026-10-18 02:05 UTCVendor advisory
  24. 2026-10-18 02:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  25. 2026-10-17 01:56 UTCEG score recompute
  26. 2026-10-17 01:56 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  27. 2026-10-16 01:47 UTCEG score recompute
  28. 2026-10-16 01:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  29. 2026-10-14 21:17 UTCEG score recompute
  30. 2026-10-14 21:17 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  31. 2026-10-14 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  32. 2026-10-13 17:14 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-10-13 17:14 UTCVendor advisory
  34. 2026-10-13 17:13 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  35. 2026-10-12 17:02 UTCEG score recompute
  36. 2026-10-12 17:02 UTCVendor advisory
  37. 2026-10-12 17:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  38. 2026-10-11 21:50 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-10-09 20:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  40. 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  41. 2026-09-30 16:25 UTCEG score recompute
  42. 2026-09-26 15:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  43. 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  44. 2026-09-22 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  45. 2026-09-13 16:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  46. 2026-09-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  47. 2026-09-05 15:26 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  48. 2026-09-02 14:09 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  49. 2026-08-30 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  50. 2026-08-28 21:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  51. 2026-08-26 14:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  52. 2026-08-24 14:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  53. 2026-08-19 17:02 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  54. 2026-08-16 14:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  55. 2026-08-12 13:48 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  56. 2026-08-08 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  57. 2026-08-06 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  58. 2026-07-30 01:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  59. 2026-07-23 02:24 UTCEG score recompute
  60. 2026-07-22 21:23 UTCEG score recompute▲ 0.90
  61. 2026-07-22 21:23 UTCVendor advisory
  62. 2026-07-22 21:23 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-rx7r-r3h4-3r66 · GitHub severity HIGH · GitHub CVSS 8.1
  63. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  64. 2026-07-15 16:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  65. 2026-07-01 15:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  66. 2026-06-28 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  67. 2026-06-28 04:55 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  68. 2026-06-23 21:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile
  69. 2026-06-16 17:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 93% · 99th percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-35628?
CVE-2023-35628 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on December 12, 2023. Windows MSHTML Platform Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
When was CVE-2023-35628 made public?
CVE-2023-35628 was made public on December 12, 2023: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, Microsoft Corporation, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on December 12, 2023. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 21, 2024; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2023-35628 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-35628 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 93% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-35628?
CVE-2023-35628 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.1 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 9.0 (CRITICAL).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-35628?
A fix for CVE-2023-35628 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory. The vendor advisories EchelonGraph has for CVE-2023-35628 are linked in the Vendor Advisories panel on this page.

Dependency Blast Radius

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