CVE-2023-31999

HIGHNVD 8.88.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This high-severity CVE scores 8.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.7%, top 51% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
Elevated
8.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1%CVSS: 8.8Exploit: Elevated riskExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

All versions of @fastify/oauth2 used a statically generated state parameter at startup time and were used across all requests for all users. The purpose of the Oauth2 state parameter is to prevent Cross-Site-Request-Forgery attacks. As such, it should be unique per user and should be connected to the user's session in some way that will allow the server to validate it. v7.2.0 changes the default behavior to store the state in a cookie with the http-only and same-site=lax attributes set. The state is now by default generated for every user. Note that this contains a breaking change in the checkStateFunction function, which now accepts the full Request object.

CVSS v3
8.8
EG Score
8.8(medium)
EG Risk
56(Track*)
EG Risk 56/100SSVC: Track*

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity88% × 45%
Exploitation40% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Watch closely — could escalate to Attend.
EPSS PROB
1%
EPSS %ILE
50%
KEV
Not listed

Published

July 4, 2023

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

References (6)

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
npm(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
@fastify/oauth2—7.2.0—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 12× in last 7d / 50× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 112 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-26 14:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-26 14:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-25 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
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  7. 2026-07-23 02:22 UTCEG score recompute
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  23. 2026-07-15 16:19 UTCOSV refresh
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  1. 2026-07-13 22:28 UTCEPSS rescore
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  24. 2026-06-27 16:34 UTCOSV refresh
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  75. 2026-05-31 00:15 UTCEPSS rescore

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-31999?
CVE-2023-31999 is a high vulnerability published on July 4, 2023. All versions of @fastify/oauth2 used a statically generated state parameter at startup time and were used across all requests for all users. The purpose of the Oauth2 state parameter is to prevent Cross-Site-Request-Forgery attacks. As such, it should be unique per user and should be connected to…
When was CVE-2023-31999 disclosed?
CVE-2023-31999 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on July 4, 2023, with the most recent update on November 21, 2024. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2023-31999 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-31999 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 50.4% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-31999?
CVE-2023-31999 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-31999?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2023-31999, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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