CVE-2023-30625

CRITICALNVD 8.89.0
EchelonGraph scoreHIGH confidence

“▲” beside the score: it is higher than NVD's CVSS score.

Score elevated to 9.0 because EPSS predicted 86% probability of exploitation within the next 30 days (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs) when EchelonGraph scored this CVE. NVD baseline CVSS 8.8 retained for reference. Confidence: see factors.

Triggered by: EPSS exploit prediction (continuous uplift above 30%)
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this weekWeaponized

Also known asEUVD-2024-2479 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-3jmm-f6jj-rcc3 (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.0EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High exploitation likelihood — EPSS 86%
  • Public exploit code is available (Metasploit)
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 86%CVSS: 8.8Exploit: MetasploitExposed services: Not assessed

A fix is available — apply it.

rudder-server is part of RudderStack, an open source Customer Data Platform (CDP). Versions of rudder-server prior to 1.3.0-rc.1 are vulnerable to SQL injection. This issue may lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE) due to the rudder role in PostgresSQL having superuser permissions by default. Version 1.3.0-rc.1 contains patches for this issue.

CVSS v3
8.8
EG Score
9.0CRITICALhigh confidence
EG Risk
74
EG Risk 74/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity88% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 8.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation86% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's SSVC Automatable value: no (Vulnrichment).
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
86%
EPSS %ILE
99th
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.0): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.0 is EPSS's lift toward 9.0 from its impact severity (EG Severity, CVSS 8.8 HIGH): a likelihood of exploitation, not impact.

EG Severity
8.8 HIGHCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
86% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

A fix is available. Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (CISA Vulnrichment) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). All three are CISA's SSVC values (Vulnrichment). EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA Vulnrichment) · Technical impact total (CISA Vulnrichment). Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

June 16, 2023

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

Advisory Details (8)

Auto-updated Aug 24, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_commit, github_pr, github.
GitHub commit Patch Available

commit 0d061ff2d8c1 (rudderlabs/rudder-server)

Patch available: rudderlabs/rudder-server v1.77.0-rc.2 (contains commit 0d061ff2d8c1)

https://github.com/rudderlabs/rudder-server/commit/0d061ff2d8c16845179d215bf8012afceba12a30
GitHub advisory

GHSL-2022-097: SQL injection in rudderlabs/rudder-server - CVE-2023-30625 | GitHub Security Lab

https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2022-097_rudder-server/
GitHub pull request Patch Available

fix: always use a sql safe table name in failed events manager

Patch available: rudderlabs/rudder-server v1.77.0-rc.2 (PR #2664 merged 2022-11-07)

https://github.com/rudderlabs/rudder-server/pull/2664
GitHub pull request Patch Available

fix: properly escape table name when querying for failed events

Patch available: rudderlabs/rudder-server v1.77.0-rc.2 (PR #2663 merged 2022-11-07)

https://github.com/rudderlabs/rudder-server/pull/2663
GitHub pull request Patch Available

fix: changed query to accept user input in prepared sql statement

Patch available: rudderlabs/rudder-server v1.77.0-rc.2 (PR #2652 merged 2022-11-04)

https://github.com/rudderlabs/rudder-server/pull/2652
GitHub commit Patch Available

commit 9c009d9775ab (rudderlabs/rudder-server)

Patch available: rudderlabs/rudder-server v1.77.0-rc.2 (contains commit 9c009d9775ab)

https://github.com/rudderlabs/rudder-server/commit/9c009d9775abc99e72fc470f4c4c8e8f1775e82a
GitHub commit Patch Available

commit 2f956b7eb3d5 (rudderlabs/rudder-server)

Patch available: rudderlabs/rudder-server v1.77.0-rc.2 (contains commit 2f956b7eb3d5)

https://github.com/rudderlabs/rudder-server/commit/2f956b7eb3d5eb2de3e79d7df2c87405af25071e

Patch Availability(1)

Vendor / EcosystemFix (by version range) / PatchReleasedSource
gogithub.com/rudderlabs/rudder-server @ 1.3.0-rc.1 (fixes < 1.3.0-rc.1)—ghsa

Patches are aggregated from vendor advisories (Red Hat, Microsoft, Cisco, GitHub) and package ecosystems (OSV, GHSA). Multiple rows for the same upstream release have been deduplicated.

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Go(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFix by version rangeDependents
github.com/rudderlabs/rudder-server—
  • every version up to 1.3.0-rc.1: fixed in 1.3.0-rc.1
—

Weakness Classification(1)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 13× in last 7d / 36× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 90 of 110 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 10 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 20 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-02 13:28 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-11-02 13:28 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-3jmm-f6jj-rcc3 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  3. 2026-11-01 12:54 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-3jmm-f6jj-rcc3 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  4. 2026-11-01 08:21 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-3jmm-f6jj-rcc3 · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 8.8
  5. 2026-11-01 08:21 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-31 12:21 UTCEG score recompute
  7. 2026-10-30 11:48 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-29 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  9. 2026-10-29 11:14 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-28 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  11. 2026-10-28 10:37 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-27 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  13. 2026-10-27 09:12 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-10-25 17:43 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-25 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  16. 2026-10-25 07:22 UTCEG score recompute
  17. 2026-10-24 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  18. 2026-10-24 06:48 UTCEG score recompute
  19. 2026-10-23 06:15 UTCEG score recompute
  20. 2026-10-22 05:41 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-21 05:05 UTCEG score recompute
  22. 2026-10-20 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  23. 2026-10-20 04:31 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-19 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  25. 2026-10-19 03:57 UTCEG score recompute
Show 65 more
  1. 2026-10-18 03:22 UTCEG score recompute
  2. 2026-10-17 02:46 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-16 02:10 UTCEG score recompute
  4. 2026-10-15 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  5. 2026-10-14 22:02 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-14 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  7. 2026-10-13 17:45 UTCEG score recompute
  8. 2026-10-13 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  9. 2026-10-12 17:12 UTCEG score recompute
  10. 2026-10-11 21:54 UTCEG score recompute
  11. 2026-10-07 23:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  12. 2026-10-03 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  13. 2026-09-30 16:22 UTCEG score recompute
  14. 2026-09-30 15:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  15. 2026-09-29 15:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  16. 2026-09-28 13:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  17. 2026-09-24 14:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  18. 2026-09-23 09:53 UTCOSV refresh
  19. 2026-09-22 14:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  20. 2026-09-16 14:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  21. 2026-09-12 14:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  22. 2026-09-11 09:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  23. 2026-09-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  24. 2026-09-05 15:25 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  25. 2026-09-04 05:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  26. 2026-09-04 04:29 UTCOSV refresh
  27. 2026-08-30 19:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  28. 2026-08-30 01:19 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  29. 2026-08-28 21:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  30. 2026-08-27 14:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  31. 2026-08-26 14:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  32. 2026-08-24 14:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  33. 2026-08-23 00:17 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  34. 2026-08-20 22:53 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  35. 2026-08-17 15:29 UTCOSV refresh
  36. 2026-08-16 02:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  37. 2026-08-13 21:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  38. 2026-08-11 13:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  39. 2026-08-08 16:34 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  40. 2026-08-07 16:24 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  41. 2026-08-04 15:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  42. 2026-08-02 10:57 UTCOSV refresh
  43. 2026-07-26 14:52 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  44. 2026-07-24 14:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  45. 2026-07-23 14:16 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  46. 2026-07-23 02:21 UTCEG score recompute
  47. 2026-07-22 23:09 UTCEG score recompute
  48. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  49. 2026-07-21 15:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  50. 2026-07-20 17:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  51. 2026-07-16 17:01 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  52. 2026-07-15 17:53 UTCOSV refresh
  53. 2026-07-15 16:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  54. 2026-07-15 01:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  55. 2026-07-13 22:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  56. 2026-07-12 05:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  57. 2026-07-08 15:13 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  58. 2026-07-01 15:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  59. 2026-06-27 18:34 UTCOSV refresh
  60. 2026-06-27 03:07 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  61. 2026-06-24 14:03 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  62. 2026-06-23 21:31 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  63. 2026-06-17 17:51 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 86% · 99th percentile
  64. 2026-06-15 17:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 87% · 99th percentile
  65. 2026-06-12 23:10 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 88% · 99th percentile

Publicly available exploits

(2 references)

Public exploit code is referenced for this CVE (1 Metasploit module), as is 1 Nuclei detection template. A detection template checks whether a system is affected; it is not necessarily exploit code. Defenders should treat patch urgency accordingly.

  • Metasploitexploit/multi/http/rudder_server_sqli_rce✓ verified
    Published Jul 31, 2023

    Rudder Server SQLI Remote Code Execution

    Open source ↗
  • Nucleihttp/cves/2023/CVE-2023-30625.yaml
    Published Oct 3, 2023

    Rudder Server < 1.3.0-rc.1 - SQL Injection

    Open source ↗

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-30625?
CVE-2023-30625 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on June 16, 2023. rudder-server is part of RudderStack, an open source Customer Data Platform (CDP). Versions of rudder-server prior to 1.3.0-rc.1 are vulnerable to SQL injection. This issue may lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE) due to the rudder role in PostgresSQL having superuser permissions by default. Version…
When was the CVE record for CVE-2023-30625 published?
The CVE record for CVE-2023-30625 was published on June 16, 2023. That is the record's publication date; the vulnerability itself may have been made public earlier. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 21, 2024; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2023-30625 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-30625 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. EchelonGraph's EG-KEV model places it in Tier 2 (Weaponized), which is not evidence of exploitation: a Metasploit module exists for it. EchelonGraph does not test whether exploit code works. FIRST EPSS estimates a 86% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (99th percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-30625?
CVE-2023-30625 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 (NVD). EchelonGraph synthesises NVD + FIRST EPSS + GHSA into a combined EG score of 9.0 (CRITICAL).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-30625?
A fix for CVE-2023-30625 is available: update to the fixed version the vendor names in its advisory.

Dependency Blast Radius

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