CVE-2023-22491

HIGHNVD 8.18.1—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This high-severity CVE scores 8.1 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.6%, top 54% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
Elevated
8.1EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 1%CVSS: 8.1Exploit: Elevated riskExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

Gatsby is a free and open source framework based on React that helps developers build websites and apps. The gatsby-transformer-remark plugin prior to versions 5.25.1 and 6.3.2 passes input through to the gray-matter npm package, which is vulnerable to JavaScript injection in its default configuration, unless input is sanitized. The vulnerability is present in gatsby-transformer-remark when passing input in data mode (querying MarkdownRemark nodes via GraphQL). Injected JavaScript executes in the context of the build server. To exploit this vulnerability untrusted/unsanitized input would need to be sourced by or added into a file processed by gatsby-transformer-remark. A patch has been introduced in gatsby-transformer-remark@5.25.1 and gatsby-transformer-remark@6.3.2 which mitigates the issue by disabling the gray-matter JavaScript Frontmatter engine. As a workaround, if an older version of gatsby-transformer-remark must be used, input passed into the plugin should be sanitized ahead of processing. It is encouraged for projects to upgrade to the latest major release branch for all Gatsby plugins to ensure the latest security updates and bug fixes are received in a timely manner.

CVSS v3
8.1
EG Score
8.1(medium)
EG Risk
52(Track*)
EG Risk 52/100SSVC: Track*

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score: it fuses intrinsic severity with real-world exploitation and automatability so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner. Distinct from the 0–10 EG Score (severity).

How it’s computed
Severity81% × 45%
Exploitation40% × 40%
Automatability0% × 15%
Action: Watch closely — could escalate to Attend.
EPSS PROB
1%
EPSS %ILE
46%
KEV
Not listed

Published

January 13, 2023

Last Modified

March 11, 2025

References (3)

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
npm(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
gatsby-transformer-remark—5.25.1—

Weakness Classification(3)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 12× in last 7d / 49× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 115 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-26 14:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  2. 2026-07-26 14:52 UTCEPSS rescore
  3. 2026-07-25 14:16 UTCEPSS rescore
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  8. 2026-07-23 02:18 UTCEG score recompute
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  22. 2026-06-28 08:22 UTCOSV refresh
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  54. 2026-06-10 18:47 UTCOSV refresh
  55. 2026-06-10 13:21 UTCEPSS rescore
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  73. 2026-06-01 13:51 UTCEPSS rescore
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  75. 2026-05-31 22:29 UTCEPSS rescore

Related CVEs(same CWE)

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2023-22491?
CVE-2023-22491 is a high vulnerability published on January 13, 2023. Gatsby is a free and open source framework based on React that helps developers build websites and apps. The gatsby-transformer-remark plugin prior to versions 5.25.1 and 6.3.2 passes input through to the gray-matter npm package, which is vulnerable to JavaScript injection in its default…
When was CVE-2023-22491 disclosed?
CVE-2023-22491 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on January 13, 2023, with the most recent update on March 11, 2025. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2023-22491 actively exploited?
CVE-2023-22491 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 1% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, which ranks it in the top 54.3% of all scored CVEs.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-22491?
CVE-2023-22491 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.1 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2023-22491?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2023-22491, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

Dependency Blast Radius

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