CVE-2021-41170

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8—
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

This critical-severity CVE scores 9.8 under NVD CVSS v3. EPSS exploit probability: 0.5%, top 33% of all CVEs by exploit prediction. GitHub Security Advisory data not yet ingested — confidence will rise once GHSA publishes (typical lag: hours to days for open-source ecosystem CVEs; never for infrastructure-only CVEs).

Triggered by: NVD CVSS baseline
Sources: epss, nvd
9.8
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixSerious severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet.
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS: 2%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: NoneExposed: 0

No vendor fix yet — apply a workaround or compensating control (WAF / firewall / segmentation) and watch for a patch.

neoan3-apps/template is a neoan3 minimal template engine. Versions prior to 1.1.1 have allowed for passing in closures directly into the template engine. As a result values that are callable are executed by the template engine. The issue arises if a value has the same name as a method or function in scope and can therefore be executed either by mistake or maliciously. In theory all users of the package are affected as long as they either deal with direct user input or database values. A multi-step attack on is therefore plausible. Version 1.1.1 has addressed this vulnerability. Unfortunately only working with hardcoded values is safe in prior versions. As this likely defeats the purpose of a template engine, please upgrade.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8(medium)
EPSS
72.1%
KEV
Not listed

Published

November 8, 2021

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

Advisory Details (3)

Auto-updated Jul 6, 2026
Patch available. Sources: github_commit, github.
github Patch Available

Evaluation of closures can lead to execution of methods & functions in current program scope · Advisory · sroehrl/neoan3-template · GitHub

https://github.com/sroehrl/neoan3-template/security/advisories/GHSA-3v56-q6r6-4gcw
generic

Closure injection has a vulnerability · Issue #8 · sroehrl/neoan3-template · GitHub

https://github.com/sroehrl/neoan3-template/issues/8
github_commit Patch Available

commit 4a2c9570f071 (sroehrl/neoan3-template)

Patch available: sroehrl/neoan3-template v1.1.1 (contains commit 4a2c9570f071)

https://github.com/sroehrl/neoan3-template/commit/4a2c9570f071d3c8f4ac790007599cba20e16934

Affected Packages

(1 across 1 ecosystem)
Packagist(1)
PackageVulnerable rangeFixed inDependents
neoan3-apps/template1.0.0 ... 1.1.0 (7 versions)1.1.1—

Weakness Classification(3)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 11× in last 7d / 49× in last 30d)

Each row is a source pipeline that fetched or updated this CVE on that date, with what changed. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 100 of 104 total refreshes for this CVE.

  1. 2026-07-22 14:06 UTCEPSS rescore
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  44. 2026-06-12 17:10 UTCOSV refresh
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Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2021-41170?
CVE-2021-41170 is a critical vulnerability published on November 8, 2021. neoan3-apps/template is a neoan3 minimal template engine. Versions prior to 1.1.1 have allowed for passing in closures directly into the template engine. As a result values that are callable are executed by the template engine. The issue arises if a value has the same name as a method or function…
When was CVE-2021-41170 disclosed?
CVE-2021-41170 was first published in the National Vulnerability Database on November 8, 2021, with the most recent update on November 21, 2024. EchelonGraph re-ingests CVE updates from NVD on a 2-hour cycle, so this page reflects the latest published state.
Is CVE-2021-41170 actively exploited?
CVE-2021-41170 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 72.1% percentile likelihood of exploitation in the next 30 days — higher percentiles indicate greater predicted risk.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2021-41170?
CVE-2021-41170 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2021-41170?
Patch to the fixed version published by the affected vendor. Where vendor advisories exist for CVE-2021-41170, EchelonGraph cross-links them in the Vendor Advisories panel below — those typically contain the canonical remediation steps, fixed version numbers, and any vendor-specific mitigations.

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