CVE-2021-35965

CRITICALNVD 9.89.8
EchelonGraph scoreMEDIUM confidence

“—” beside the score: it is equal to NVD's CVSS score.

Score 9.8 from GitHub Security Advisory (severity: CRITICAL) published 2022-05-24. NVD baseline CVSS 9.8; sources differ by 0.0.

Triggered by: GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
Sources: EPSS, GitHub Security Advisory, NVD CVSS v3
Trending — 3 sources updated this week

Also known asEUVD-2021-22598 (ENISA EUVD) · GHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r (GitHub Security Advisories)Source: ENISA EUVD

9.8EG
EchelonGraph verdictPlan a fixRemediate within your standard update timelines (the SSVC decision on this page).
  • High severity, but no confirmed exploitation yet
CISA-KEV: Not listedEPSS PROB: 2.4%CVSS: 9.8Exploit: None knownExposed services: Not assessed

Update Orca HCM to version 10.9 (from the CVE record's solution, TWCERT/CC) — apply it.

The Orca HCM digital learning platform uses a weak factory default administrator password, which is hard-coded in the source code of the webpage in plain text, thus remote attackers can obtain administrator’s privilege without logging in.

CVSS v3
9.8
EG Score
9.8CRITICALmedium confidence
EG Risk
45
EG Risk 45/100

EG Risk is EchelonGraph's 0–100 priority score. It fuses impact severity (EG Severity, the CVSS base score, never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score) with real-world exploitation and automatability, under weights EchelonGraph set by hand, so you can rank equal-severity CVEs and fix the most dangerous first. Higher = act sooner.

How it’s computed (value × EchelonGraph’s weight)
Severity98% × 45%
Impact severity (EG Severity): CVSS 9.8 of 10. Never the KEV-floored or EPSS-lifted EG Score.
Exploitation2.4% × 40%
FIRST EPSS: the 30-day exploitation probability when EchelonGraph scored this CVE.
Automatability0% × 15%
CISA's BOD 26-04 default: no one has published Automatable for this CVE, and CISA treats it as “no” for a CVE not in KEV.
SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph): Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).
Exploitation none (no CISA value, KEV listing or exploit code on record) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). EchelonGraph holds no SSVC assessment of this CVE from CISA: none of these inputs is from Vulnrichment. EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE.
Action: Update Orca HCM to version 10.9 (from the CVE record's solution, TWCERT/CC). Apply it within your standard update timelines.
EPSS PROB
2.4%
EPSS %ILE
83rd
KEV
Not listed

What the EG score is made of (scorer v4.0: the three questions the 0–10 score mixes, published apart · methodology)

The EG score (9.8): severity, escalated by confirmed exploitation. This CVE's 9.8 is its impact severity (EG Severity), not escalated.

EG Severity
9.8 CRITICALCVSS-B, impact only: no KEV listing, EPSS or EG-KEV tier raises it.GitHub Security Advisory CVSS
EG Likelihood
2.4% within 30 daysSource: FIRST EPSS (model v2026.06.15, score date 2026-11-01). FIRST's exploitation probability, not an EchelonGraph model.
Confirmed exploitation
None on record (CISA KEV, EG-KEV Tier 1)Reported apart from the likelihood: an observed fact, not a probability.
EG Priority
SSVC Track at medium mission impactTrack at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).CISA BOD 26-04: 14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.Each input and its source, and whom BOD 26-04 binds: the SSVC and BOD 26-04 blocks below.

SSVC (CISA's decision table, applied by EchelonGraph)Track at low or medium mission impact; Track* at high (mission-essential systems).

Update Orca HCM to version 10.9 (from the CVE record's solution, TWCERT/CC). Apply it within your standard update timelines.

Exploitation none (no CISA value, KEV listing or exploit code on record) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). EchelonGraph holds no SSVC assessment of this CVE from CISA: none of these inputs is from Vulnrichment. EchelonGraph applied CISA's decision table to them; CISA publishes SSVC inputs and the table, not a decision for each CVE. Mission impact is CISA's Mission & Well-being decision point, and only you can judge it. CISA's table makes it high when Mission Prevalence is Essential — the vulnerable component "directly provides capabilities that constitute at least one MEF for at least one entity" (MEF: mission essential function) — or when Public Well-Being Impact is Irreversible: "multiple fatalities are likely", the cyber-physical system "is likely lost or destroyed", "extreme or serious externalities" are imposed on other parties, or social systems such as elections or the financial grid "are destabilized and potentially collapse". CISA's decision table

BOD 26-04 (CISA's remediation timeline, Table 1)14 days if the affected system is publicly exposed; Fix on system upgrade if it is not.

The score's inputs: In CISA KEV no (CISA's KEV catalog) · Automatable no (CISA's BOD 26-04 default) · Technical impact total (CISA's BOD 26-04 default). Where an input reads “CISA's BOD 26-04 default”, no one has published it for this CVE, and CISA's implementation guidance says: “If “Automatable” and “Technical Impact” information items about a CVE ID are not available and the CVE ID is not in the KEV Catalog, CISA will treat its values as “no” and “total,” respectively, until CISA or a third party provides metadata about the CVE ID. CISA will always provide the Vulnrichment data for a CVE ID listed in the KEV Catalog.” Whether your system is publicly exposed is yours to answer. BOD 26-04 binds US Federal Civilian Executive Branch agencies; for anyone else it is CISA's published timeline, a reference rather than an obligation. The directive · how EchelonGraph applies it

Published

July 19, 2021

Last Modified

November 21, 2024

Advisory Details (2)

Auto-updated Oct 3, 2026
Fix named in the CVE record's solution (TWCERT/CC). Sources: cert.
CERT

一宇數位科技 Orca HCM - Hard-code password-TWCERT/CC台灣電腦網路危機處理暨協調中心|企業資安通報協處|資安情資分享|漏洞通報|資安聯盟|資安電子報

https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-4925-86733-1.html
Web page

CHT Security Red Team Discovered Several Vulnerabilities in Well-Known Domestic Learning System|中華資安國際 CHT Security Co., Ltd.

https://www.chtsecurity.com/news/ba7b3ae7-14f3-4970-b3f6-4d97d8c7ea25

Weakness Classification(2)

MITRE Common Weakness Enumeration — the root-cause categories this CVE belongs to.

Data Freshness Timeline

(refreshed 21× in last 7d / 70× in last 30d)

Each row is a time one of our pipelines fetched, updated or re-scored this CVE. For example, "NVD update" means NVD published or revised its analysis for this CVE; "MITRE cvelistV5" means we ingested or refreshed it from the CNA feed. An arrow marks a change the record states ("CVSS v3 → 9.1"); EPSS and GHSA rows show the values recorded at that time, not what changed (EPSS values are rounded; hover one for the exact figures). Most recent first.

Showing the most recent 96 of 241 refreshes on record for this CVE.

A repeat, a row identical to one the same pipeline wrote less than 10 seconds earlier, is not a separate refresh and is not counted. 4 repeat rows among the latest 100 are merged into the row they repeat. The 145 oldest rows on record are not shown and were not checked, so the counts can still include repeats.

  1. 2026-11-02 16:37 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  2. 2026-11-02 07:08 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-11-02 07:08 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  4. 2026-11-01 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  5. 2026-11-01 05:40 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-11-01 05:40 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  7. 2026-10-31 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  8. 2026-10-31 04:14 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-31 04:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  10. 2026-10-30 16:30 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  11. 2026-10-30 02:42 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-30 02:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  13. 2026-10-29 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  14. 2026-10-29 01:16 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-29 01:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  16. 2026-10-28 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  17. 2026-10-27 23:51 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-27 23:51 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  19. 2026-10-27 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  20. 2026-10-26 22:23 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-26 22:22 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  22. 2026-10-26 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  23. 2026-10-25 18:01 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-25 18:01 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  25. 2026-10-25 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
Show 71 more
  1. 2026-10-24 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  2. 2026-10-24 16:02 UTCEG score recompute
  3. 2026-10-24 16:02 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  4. 2026-10-23 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  5. 2026-10-23 14:35 UTCEG score recompute
  6. 2026-10-23 14:35 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  7. 2026-10-22 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  8. 2026-10-22 13:09 UTCEG score recompute
  9. 2026-10-22 13:09 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  10. 2026-10-21 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  11. 2026-10-21 11:42 UTCEG score recompute
  12. 2026-10-21 11:42 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  13. 2026-10-20 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  14. 2026-10-20 10:16 UTCEG score recompute
  15. 2026-10-20 10:16 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  16. 2026-10-19 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  17. 2026-10-19 08:47 UTCEG score recompute
  18. 2026-10-19 08:46 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  19. 2026-10-18 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  20. 2026-10-18 07:20 UTCEG score recompute
  21. 2026-10-18 07:20 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  22. 2026-10-17 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  23. 2026-10-17 05:53 UTCEG score recompute
  24. 2026-10-17 05:53 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  25. 2026-10-16 16:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  26. 2026-10-16 04:25 UTCEG score recompute
  27. 2026-10-16 04:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  28. 2026-10-15 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  29. 2026-10-15 02:24 UTCEG score recompute
  30. 2026-10-15 02:24 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  31. 2026-10-14 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  32. 2026-10-13 23:06 UTCEG score recompute
  33. 2026-10-13 23:05 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  34. 2026-10-13 16:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  35. 2026-10-12 19:14 UTCGHSA enrichmentGHSA-w3wg-762h-q86r · GitHub severity CRITICAL · GitHub CVSS 9.8
  36. 2026-10-12 19:14 UTCEG score recompute
  37. 2026-10-12 16:29 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  38. 2026-10-11 23:39 UTCEG score recompute
  39. 2026-10-11 13:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  40. 2026-10-10 19:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  41. 2026-10-09 20:04 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  42. 2026-10-08 16:39 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  43. 2026-10-07 23:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  44. 2026-10-06 15:14 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  45. 2026-10-05 17:40 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  46. 2026-10-03 14:22 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  47. 2026-10-01 19:46 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  48. 2026-09-30 15:38 UTCEG score recompute
  49. 2026-09-30 15:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  50. 2026-09-29 15:15 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  51. 2026-09-28 13:47 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  52. 2026-09-27 13:41 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  53. 2026-09-26 15:54 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  54. 2026-09-26 00:21 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  55. 2026-09-24 14:00 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  56. 2026-09-23 13:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  57. 2026-09-22 14:44 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  58. 2026-09-21 20:28 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
  59. 2026-09-20 20:12 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  60. 2026-09-19 15:38 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  61. 2026-09-18 19:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  62. 2026-09-17 19:23 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  63. 2026-09-16 14:05 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 83rd percentile
  64. 2026-09-15 03:06 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
  65. 2026-09-13 16:43 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
  66. 2026-09-12 14:57 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
  67. 2026-09-11 14:49 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
  68. 2026-09-11 09:33 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
  69. 2026-09-08 21:56 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
  70. 2026-09-07 15:58 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile
  71. 2026-09-06 13:45 UTCEPSS rescoreEPSS 2.4% · 82nd percentile

Frequently asked(5)

What is CVE-2021-35965?
CVE-2021-35965 is a critical-severity vulnerability; its CVE record was published on July 19, 2021. The Orca HCM digital learning platform uses a weak factory default administrator password, which is hard-coded in the source code of the webpage in plain text, thus remote attackers can obtain administrator’s privilege without logging in.
When was CVE-2021-35965 made public?
CVE-2021-35965 was made public on July 19, 2021: that is the date its CVE record's CNA, TWCERT/CC, gives for when the vulnerability was made public. The CVE record itself was published on July 19, 2021. EchelonGraph's copy of the record carries a last-modified date of November 21, 2024; the record at its source may have been updated since.
Is CVE-2021-35965 actively exploited?
CVE-2021-35965 is not currently on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. FIRST EPSS estimates a 2.4% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (83rd percentile of EPSS-scored CVEs).
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2021-35965?
CVE-2021-35965 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (NVD).
How do I remediate CVE-2021-35965?
The CVE record's solution for CVE-2021-35965, written by its CNA TWCERT/CC, names the fix: "Update Orca HCM to version 10.9".

Dependency Blast Radius

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